新疆吐鲁番盆地桃树园晚二叠世非海相腹足类_朱祥根.pdf
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1、 收稿日期:2021-12-14;改回日期:2022-06-27;录用日期:2022-07-02*现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室基础性研究专项(20102106)资助。*通讯作者:朱祥根,研究员,e-mail: 古生物学报,61(4):628642(2022年12月)Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,61(4):628642(December 2022)研究论文 DOI:10.19800/ki.aps.2021072 新疆吐鲁番盆地桃树园晚二叠世非海相腹足类*朱祥根*中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京 210008 提要 新疆吐鲁番盆地桃树园地区晚二叠世地层称作下仓
2、房沟群,自下而上分为泉子街组、梧桐沟组和锅底坑组,为河湖相碎屑沉积,剖面连续,层序清楚,动、植物化石丰富。文中研究的腹足类标本产于桃东沟剖面梧桐沟组下部和中部的介壳灰岩层和灰岩透镜体中,见有2层,计有2科4属6种:Xinjiangospira rotundata Yu et Zhu,Xinjiangospira habita sp.nov.、Hydrobia turpanensis Wei、Hydrobia orientalis sp.nov.、Pseudamnicola tao-donggouensis sp.nov.和Valvata complanusa sp.nov.;与腹足类共生的有双
3、壳类、叶肢介、介形类,以及植物和脊椎动物化石等,其中双壳类主要是Palaeanodonta,Palaeomutela和Anthraconauta 等属。该腹足动物群由Hydrobiidae 和 Valvatidae的属种组成,标本数量多,壳体小,保存完好,是迄今已知属种最丰富的古生代淡水腹足类动物群。当前梧桐沟组腹足动物群面貌与准噶尔盆地大龙口剖面小龙口组(锅底坑组),以及非洲罗得西亚南部上二叠统卡鲁系的腹足动物群面貌一致。关键词 非海相腹足类 梧桐沟组 晚二叠世 桃东沟剖面 吐鲁番盆地 中文引用 朱祥根,2022.新疆吐鲁番盆地桃树园晚二叠世非海相腹足类.古生物学报,61(4):628642
4、.DOI:10.19800/ki.aps.2021072 英文引用 Zhu Xiang-gen,2022.Late Permian non-marine gastropods from Taoshuyuan,Turpan Basin,Xinjiang.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,61(4):628642.DOI:10.19800/ki.aps.2021072 Late Permian non-marine gastropods from Taoshuyuan,Turpan Basin,Xinjiang ZHU Xiang-gen Nanjing Institute
5、of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China Abstract The Late Permian Xiacangfanggou Group in Taoshuyuan area of Turpan Basin,Xinjiang consists of the Quanzijie,Wutonggou and Guodikeng formations in ascending order.The sedimentary sequence represents continuous fluv
6、ial-lacustrine siliciclastic deposits with abundant animal and plant fossils.The gastropod specimens described in this paper are found from the bioclastic limestone layers and limestone concretions in the lower and middle parts of the Wutonggou Formation at the Taodonggou section.These gastropod fos
7、sils collected from two horizons are assigned to six species,four genera belonging to two families.These species are Xinjiangospira rotundata,Xinjiangospira habita sp.nov.,Hydrobia turpanensis,Hydrobia orientalis sp.nov.,Pseudamnicola taodonggouensis sp.nov.and Valvata com-planusa sp.nov.Other assoc
8、iated fossils are bivalves,phyllopods,ostracods,vertebrates and plants.The bivalves are domi-nated by Palaeanodonta,Palaeomutela and Anthraconauta.The Late Permian gastropod fauna from the Wutonggou For-mation is composed of freshwater Hydrobiidae and Valvatidae.Characterized by well-preserved speci
9、 mens 4 期 朱祥根:新疆吐鲁番盆地桃树园晚二叠世非海相腹足类;Zhu:Late Permian non-marine gastropods from Xinjiang 629 in large quantity,this fauna represents the most abundant Paleozoic freshwater gastropod fauna known so far.This fauna shows similarity to those from the Xiaolongkou Formation(=Guodikeng Formation)from the Da
10、longkou sec-tion,Junggar Basin,and the Upper Permian(Karu System)in southern Rhodesia,Africa.Key words non-marine gastropods,Wutonggou Formation,Late Permian,Taodonggou section,Turpan Basin SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY Subclass Caenogastropoda Cox,1960 Order Littorinimorpha Golikov et Starobogatov,1975 S
11、uperfamily Truncatelloidea Gray,1840 Family Hydrobiidae Stimpson,1865 Genus Xinjiangospira Yu et Zhu,1990 Type species Xinjiangospira rotundata Yu et Zhu,1990 Diagnosis Shell small,conical or long conical with 47 whorls,apex blunt and protoconch submerged or abnormally rotating.Whorl convex,fast gro
12、wing,sutures deep,and slightly oblique.Aperture large,nearly round or ovoid.Shell surface with slightly curved growth lines.Xinjiangospira habita sp.nov.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C609561C-33DA-44EB-834B-A9B5200DAC30(Fig.3)Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin habitus,meaning plump.Mate
13、rial Six well-preserved specimens;depos-ited in the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontol-ogy,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Cat.No.:NIGP 175963175968.Holotype NIGP 175965.Paratypes NIGP 175963175964,175966175 968.Measurements NIGP 175965(Holotype):H:4.2 mm,D:2.4 mm,h:1.2 mm,d:1.2 mm.Diagnosis Sh
14、ell small,cone wide,with 45 whorls.Apex blunt and protoconch slightly submerged.Whorl round convex,suture deep and slightly inclined.Last whorl high,protruding significantly.Aperture round or oval,peristome continuous.Umbilicus narrow and shallow.Shell surface with fine growth lines.Description Shel
15、l small,cone wide,with 45 whorls.Shell height greater than shell width,apex blunt and protoconch slightly submerged.First whorl small,horizontal rotation;second whorl more regular;third whorl growth rapid and its height approximately equal to the height of the front two whorls.Last whorl high and la
16、rge,convex swelling significantly;its height accounting for about two thirds of the shell height.Whorl round con-vex,suture deep and slightly inclined.Shell surface with fine growth lines.Aperture round or oval,peristome con-tinuous,parietal lip appressed to the lower part of the last whorl.Height o
17、f aperture about one half of the height of last whorl.Umbilicus narrow and shallow.Remarks The new species is similar to Xin-jiangospira rotundata Yu et Zhu,1990 in shell shape and apex.The main difference is that the aperture of the new species is round or oval,and the peristome is continuous.Genus
18、 Hydrobia Hartmann,1821 Type species Cyclostoma acutum Draparnaud,1805 Diagnosis Shell small,low conical to tower shaped.Whorl convex.Shell surface smooth or with growth lines.Aperture oval or elliptic.Peristome con-tinuous,generally without umbilicus.Hydrobia orientalis sp.nov.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:
19、act:D30B67DA-7458-4038-9106-F3E92F7DDC05(Fig.5)Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin orientalis,meaning oriental.Material Eight well-preserved specimens;depos-ited in the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontol-ogy,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Cat.No.:NIGP 175979175986.Holotype NIG
20、P 175979.Paratypes NIGP 175980175986.Measurements NIGP 175979(Holotype):H:4 mm,D:1.8 mm,h:1.6 mm,d:1.2 mm.Diagnosis Shell small,highly conical,apex acute.Shell with five whorls,regular growth in early ones.Whorls roundly convex.Last whorl increasing rapidly and bulging significantly.Suture deep and
21、inclined.Ap-erture semilunar or narrowly ovate,no umbilicus.Description Shell small,high conical,apex acute.Shell with five whorls,regular growth in early ones.Whorl round convex.Last whorl increasing rapid-ly and bulging significantly,and its height accounting for about half of the shell height.Sut
22、ure deep and in-clined.Shell surface smooth with only fine growth lines.Aperture semilunar or narrowly ovate,upper end angu-lar,and front end slightly narrowed.No umbilicus.Remarks The new species differs from Hydrobia turrpanensis Wei,1984 in having smaller,high conical shell with inclined suture,a
23、nd semilunar aperture with-out umbilicus.The new species also differs from Hy-drobia gandwanica Cox,1953 from the Upper Permian Karoo System of southern Africa in that the latter has larger shells,higher spire head,and less obvious inclina-tion of suture.630 古 生 物 学 报 61 卷 Genus Pseudamnicola Pauluc
24、ei,1878 Type species Pseudamnicola lucensis Issel,1866 Diagnosis Shell small to very small,ovoid,with 45 whorls.Spiral low.Last whorl high,width increases significantly.Base flat,with umbilicus.Aperture high,round to oval,with continuous mouth margin.Pseudamnicola taodonggouensis sp.nov.urn:lsid:zoo
25、bank.org:act:72256B65-A194-4581-A5CB-B2E38BB7CB86(Fig.6)Etymology Named after the Taodonggou section,referring to the location where the specimen was found.Material Seven well-preserved specimens;de-posited in the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palae-ontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Cat.No.:NI
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