S波段径向注同轴槽振荡器.pdf
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1、HighPowerMicrowaveTechnologyS band radial beam coaxial grating backward wave oscillator*WangZhanliang1,2,WangHuanyu1,HeZiyuan3,LuZhigang1,GongHuarong1,WangShaomeng1,GongYubin1(1.School of Electronic Science and Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China
2、;2.Science and Technology on Low-Light-Level Night Vision Laboratory,Xian 710000,China;3.Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Shenzhen 518000,China)Abstract:Highpowermicrowavedevicesareinvestigatedextensively,becauseoftheirpotentialapplicatio
3、ns,suchasadvancedradars,electromagneticwarfaresystems.However,lowefficiency,enormousvolume,hugeweightandshortlifetimelimittheirapplications.Inthispaper,acoaxialgratingslowwavestructurebackwardwaveoscillator(BWO)drivenbyradialbeamisproposed.Thefocusingsystemiseliminatedintheparticleincellsimulation,w
4、hichcanreducethevolumeandthepowerlossinpractice.ThelifetimeoftheBWOcanalsobeimprovedwiththethermionicradialbeamcathodeinsteadoftheexplosiveemissioncathode.Afteroptimization,theBWOdrivenby460kV,6kAradialbeamcanproduce1.2GWatfrequency3.8GHz,withtheefficiencyof43.5%.Key words:radialelectronbeam,backwav
5、eoscillator,highpowermicrowaveCLC number:TL501+.5Document code:Adoi:10.11884/HPLPB202335.230198Highpowermicrowavedeviceshavebeenpaidalotofattentionbecauseoftheirpotentialapplications,suchas:advanceradars,electromagnetic warfare systems,plasma chemistry reactors,material processing instruments,medica
6、l/biomedicalresearch instruments1-8.At present,significant progresses have been made in this field.Many laboratories,institutes anduniversitiesaroundtheworldhaveobtainedGWclassHPMradiation5-13.However,thelowefficiency,theshortlifetimeandtheenormousvolumeoftheHPMdeviceslimittheirapplications.Toextend
7、thelifetimeandreducethevolume,HPMdevicesshouldoperateathighefficiencywithoutfocusingsystemsandexplosiveemissioncathodes.CurrentHPMdevices,suchasconventionalRBWO6-10,14-15andRKO5,12-13,16-17,Vircator18-19,MILO20,cantsatisfytherequirements.Inthispaper,aradialbeamcoaxialgratingBWOwhichsatisfiestheabove
8、requirementisproposed.Thestructureisdescribedindetailinsection1,thePICsimulationispresentedinSection2,andsection3givesabriefconclusion.1 Structure of the radial beam coaxial BWOThecrosssectionofthecoaxialgratingBWOisshowninFig.1.TheBWOlookslikeadiskwithacover,andtherearesomecoaxialgratingsetchedonth
9、ecover,whichslowdowntheEMwave21-22.AradialelectronbeamisinjectedintothecenteroftheBWOfromtheoutsideedgeasshowninFig.1.Afterthebeamwaveinteractioninthe“disk”device,theHPMradiationisproducedandextractedfromthecoaxialoutputportonthecover,whichislocatedatthefirstgrating.Thedispersionrelationofthecoaxial
10、gratingSWScantbewritteneasilyasconventional“O”shapeBWOsbecauseoftheradialstructure21.Nonetheless,theeigenmodesoftheBWOcanbeanalyzedbyCSTsoftware,asshowninFig.2.InFig.2,theelectricfielddistributionsofthesymmetricmodes,whosecorrespondingfrequenciesare1.05GHz,2.11GHz,2.92GHz,3.3GHz,3.8GHzrespectively,a
11、reshown.ThedispersionrelationisdescribedinFig.3asthatoftheconventional“O”shapeBWOs.2 PIC simulation of the BWOThePICsimulationoftheBWOiscarriedoutbyCSTParticlestudio11,19,23.TheparametersareprovidedinTable1.Theoutputpoweris1.2GWandtheoperatingfrequencyis3.8GHz,asshowninFig.4.TheresultshowsthattheBWO
12、isoperatinginthemode.AlmostalltheparticleslostenergyatthecenteroftheBWOasshowninFig.5.*Received date:2023-06-28;Revised date:2023-10-20Foundation item:NationalKeyR&DProgram(G072022YFF0707602);GuangdongKeyR&DProgram(2021B0101300003)Corresponding author:WangZhanliang,。第35卷第11期强激光与粒子束Vol.35,No.112023年1
13、1月HIGHPOWERLASERANDPARTICLEBEAMSNov.,2023113001-1Toimprovethestability,extendtheBWOlifetimeandreducethevolume,twooptimizationsaremade.First,becauseofthelowcurrentdensityoftheradialbeam,theBWOdoesnotrequirethefocusingsysteminthesimulation,whichcanreducethevolumeandthepowerlossinpractice.Second,toimpr
14、ovethestabilityandthelifetime,athermionicradialbeamcathodeinsteadofanexplosiveemissioncathodeisusedintheBWO,becausethelowerbeamcurrentdensitycanbeachieved by the thermionic cathode 24-25.A radial beam gun isdesigned,whosecrosssectionisshowninFig.6.Theradialbeamgunistransformedfromtheconvenientpencil
15、beamgunswiththesamecrosssectionprofile.Thecathodeisaringlocatedbetweentheupperandthelowerfocuselectrodes.Theparticlesareemittedfromtheinnerfaceoftheringcathode.TheparametersofthegunareprovidedinTable2.ThebeamcurrentdensityoftheBWOis112A/cm2.Thetrackingsimulationshowsthattheradialbeamguniswith175beam
16、compression.Accordingly,thebeamcurrentdensityatthecathodesurface(about33A/cm2)canbeachievedbytheconventionalthermioniccathodeswithlonglifetimeandhighstability,whichhavebeenusedformanyyearsinthemodern.beam input.output port.coaxial gratingFig.1CrosssectionoftheBWOmode 1:mode 2:mode 3:mode 4:mode 5:Fi
17、g.2Electricfieldofthemodes4.54.03.53.02.52.01.51.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.61.41.8frequency/GHzphase shift/eigenmode450 kV beamFig.3DispersionrelationoftheBWOTable 1 Parameters for the PIC simulationvoltageofthesheetbeam,U/kVcurrentofthesheetbeam,I/kAthicknessofthebeam,Sbeam/mmmagneticfield,B/Tthicknesso
18、ftheBWO,H/mmouterradiusoftheBWO,Rout/mminnerradiusoftheBWO,Rin/mmradiusofthefirstgrating,R1/mmradiusofthesecondgrating,R2/mmradiusofthethirdgrating,R3/mmradiusofthefourthgrating,R4/mmradiusofthefifthgrating,R5/mmdepthofthegrating,D/mm46065030180601661401151007512.53.61.60.400.41.63.61.00.90.80.70.60
19、.50.40.30.20.1012345678910010203040506070output power/GWintensitytime/nsfrequency/GHzFig.4Outputpowerandcorrespondingfrequency7.03E+056E+055E+054E+053E+052E+05100 000217E/eVFig.5ParticleviewoftheBWO强激光与粒子束113001-2vacuumelectronicdevices(VEDs).Toradiatetheoutputpower,asmallsizedVlasovantennaisdesigne
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