文化资本视角下历史街区再生理念、框架和策略——以日本高山城下町和南京小西湖历史街区为实证.pdf
《文化资本视角下历史街区再生理念、框架和策略——以日本高山城下町和南京小西湖历史街区为实证.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《文化资本视角下历史街区再生理念、框架和策略——以日本高山城下町和南京小西湖历史街区为实证.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、2023年第4期/西部人居环境学刊/111文化资本视角下历史街区再生理念、框架和策略以日本高山城下町和南京小西湖历史街区为实证The Concept,Framework and Strategy of the Regeneration of Historic Districts from the Perspective of Cultural Capital:Two Cases in Takayama,Japan and Xiaoxihu,Nanjing李 祯 LI ZhenDOI:10.13791/ki.hsfwest.20230416李祯.文化资本视角下历史街区再生理念、框架和策略以日本高
2、山城下町和南京小西湖历史街区为实证J.西部人居环境学刊,2023,38(4):111-118.LI Z.The Concept,Framework and Strategy of the Regeneration of Historic Districts from the Perspective of Cultural Capital:Two Cases in Takayama,Japan and Xiaoxihu,Nanjing.J.Journal of Human Settlements in West China,2023,38(4):111-118.摘 要:历史街区拥有保护和发展的双
3、重要义,历史街区再生需要平衡好利用好城市中的文化力、经济力和社会力,在人文价值、当代需求和持续发展之间找到可操作的秩序路径。基于此,论文回归历史街区活态遗产的人文社会属性,从“作为城市文化资本的历史街区”切入研究,重点围绕街区遗产资源的价值潜力,架构了历史街区再生解释框架,并在此框架下结合对日本高山和南京小西湖两个历史街区再生案例的审视分析,探讨了文化资本增量积累下的历史街区再生策略。研究明晰了建成遗产作为可持续再生驱动力的价值作用,为本土实践提供了新的思想和方法借鉴。关键词:文化资本;遗产资源驱动;(城市)历史街区;再生策略;日本高山Abstract:Since the new centur
4、y,the principle of sustainability has been incorporated into the policy system of cultural heritage.Heritage,as the natural,cultural,social and economic capital of cities and regions,has been increasingly recognized by the international community.Cultural heritage has increasingly highlighted its va
5、lue in building local identity,enhancing social cohesion and economic construction.UNESCO,the European Union,and major scientific research institutions have successively issued a series of new guidance documents and research reports,expanding new research perspectives and approaches to explore the m
6、ultidimensional and complex relationships between cultural heritage and ecological climate,identity,civil society,economic development,tourism and creative activities,and forming urban renewal and development recommendations driven by culture and based on the potential value of heritage.In this broa
7、d perspective,some scholars at home and abroad have also put forward the cutting-edge and inspiring concept of urban/district regeneration.The concept of sustainable development based on the exploration and utilization of the potential of urban culture has gradually been widely recognized.The value
8、driven endogenous urban/district renewal and regeneration methods have also become a hot topic of current academic research.It has positive significance for the national strategy of“implementing urban renewal actions”and“creating a better life”in the new era.In the late 1960s and early 1970s,French
9、sociologist Pierre Bourdieu gave a non economic interpretation of the concept of capital.He metaphor Cultural Capital as a resource that can produce rights and play an effective role,bringing new ideas to the field of sociology.As a theoretical concept and functional tool to recognize the social str
10、ucture and solve social difficulties,cultural capital also provides the possibility to explain and solve the complex problems faced by historic districts.Based on this,the paper returns to the humanistic and social attributes of the living heritage of the historic districts,starting from“the histori
11、c districts as the urban cultural capital”,focusing on the value potential of the heritage resources,and constructs the interpretation framework of the regeneration of the historic districts.1)The paper puts forward the concept connotation of“cultural capital of historic districts”:it aims to emphas
12、ize the significance and value of historic districts as a cultural factor and cultural resource management,including the accumulation of spiritual and material wealth related to all cultures carried by the historic districts,and also,the paper divides the cultural capital of historic districts into
13、three forms:embodied cultural capital existing with the lasting personality of districts,objectified cultural capital as the material carrier of districts cultural value,cultural significance and cultural function,an institutionalized cultural capital that recognizes the value of historic districts;
14、2)The paper summarizes the effect of Cultural Capital in historic districts,and clarifies the stock of cultural capital in different forms(meaning elements and carrier characteristics),value connotation and service flow that can be provided;3)The paper puts forward the potential elements and basic w
15、ays to realize the effect of cultural capital in historic districts.Under this framework,combined with the review and analysis of the regeneration cases of two historic districts,Takayama,Japan and Xiaoxihu,Nanjing,this paper further explains the 中图分类号 TU984.189文献标识码 B文章编号 2095-6304(2023)04-16-08 作者
16、简介李 祯:西安理工大学土木建筑工程学院,讲师,ISSUE 4 Aug.2023/JOURNAL OF HUMAN SETTLEMNTS IN WEST CHINA/1120 引言新世纪以来,可持续原则被纳入到文化遗产的政策体系中,遗产作为城市和地区自然、文化、社会和经济资本的属性日益得到国际社会认可,其在建立地方身份、增强社会凝聚力和经济建设中的价值意义不断凸显。联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)、欧盟和各大科研机构适时出台了一系列新的指导文件和研究报告,为探索文化遗产与生态气候、身份认同、公民社会、经济发展、旅游创意活动等多维复杂关系拓展出新的研究视角和途径,形成了以文化为驱动、以遗产价值潜
17、力为基础的城市更新和发展建议。在此广阔的视野下,一些国内学者也提出了具有前沿性、启发性的城市/街区再生理念。常青1院士阐述,如何激活部分“文化基因”,并将其融入到现代生活中,挽留住地方文化的精神性,传递传统价值,是建筑学科目前需要解答的关键问题;张松2教授在 城市保护规划从历史环境到历史性城市景观一书中,从环境、资源和社会经济的视角,提出将历史城市作为文化资本来保护与管理;褚冬竹3教授认为历史文化遗产和文化活动有着重要的价值和资源前景,一些隐藏在历史角落蕴含“精神与物质”价值潜力的资源可以通过城市更新进行价值和效益转换;黄瓴4等提出了“资产为基”的社区发展理念,通过全面识别社区资源存量价值,深
18、化社区资源再利用,将其转化为可创造持续效益的社区资本进而推动社区发展。可以看到,基于城市文化遗产潜力挖掘和利用的可持续发展观已逐渐得到国内外学者认可,价值驱动的内源性城市(街区)更新和再生方法也已成为当下学科研究的热点议题,对于新时期“实施城市更新行动”和“创造美好生活”的国家战略具有积极意义。1 文化资本与历史街区再生之间的研究基础1.1 文化资本研究的主要论断20世纪60年代末70年代初,法国社会学家、哲学家皮埃尔 布迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu,19302002)在古典政治经济学和传统社会学基础上,联系现代哲学思潮,超越了将资本等同于货币的狭隘理解,对资本的概念进行了非经济学解读
19、,试图以文化资本、社会资本和经济资本对社会结构和作用进行解释5-6。其中,文化资本是布迪厄社会学理论中用笔最多的批判性思想,虽然没有形成完整的理论体系,但为社会学领域带来了新的思想火花,他将文化资本隐喻为能够产生权利、发挥效力的资源,是“文化社会再生产的重要利器7”。自布迪厄提出文化资本的范畴、基本的理论命题和表现形式以来,文化资本理论引起了学界广泛的探讨和关注,其概念得到不断扩展和深化(表1)。整体来看,国内外学界对文化资本理论的学术价值和实践意义已经较为elements significance and carrier characteristics of different forms
20、cultural capital,reveals the theoretical logical relationship between cultural capital and the regeneration of historic districts,and proves the value of built heritage as a driving force for sustainable regeneration.To sum up,the paper finally discusses the regeneration strategy of historic distric
21、ts under the incremental accumulation of cultural capital from the perspective of space construction,aiming to realize the social significance and economic value of cultural heritage resources from a humanistic perspective.Specifically,it includes:1)spatial growth that permeates the original environ
22、mental atmosphere:firstly,preserving the overall pattern relationship between natural and artificial environments;secondly,creating a sense of overall spatial order by establishing complete paths and flow sequences;2)The scenario anchoring of returning to daily life:firstly,retaining the local livin
23、g subject;secondly,exploring the rules of space occupation,exploring the order and formal characteristics of the scenario space that reflect the logic of human behavior;thirdly,preserving and enhancing the physical key anchoring points required for the occurrence of scenario activities;3)Functional
24、applicability and activation:on the one hand,it assists in the inheritance of traditional business formats in the historic districts;on the other hand,based on the value and utilization potential of heritage resources,activate and utilize the heritage in the historic districts.Key words:Cultural Cap
25、ital;Heritage Resources Driven;Urban Historic Districts;Regeneration Strategy;Takayama,Japan表1 文化资本概念梳理 Tab.1 sorting out the concept of cultural capital切入角度代表人物及作品主要观点文化 资本是具 有稀缺 性、可获取潜在利润的文化资源布迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu)文化资本与社会炼金术资本的形式(1986)文化资本是一种“隐喻资本”。文化资本存在的三种形式:具体化的(行动者身体、精神的持久“性情”,是内化的隐蔽性财富)、客观化的(如“
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