高考英语阅读理解技巧细事实题改15828.ppt
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1、英语专题Strategies for Questions of Details英英语阅读理解技巧理解技巧(事事实细节题)1.近几年阅读理解命题已从对传统知识掌握情况的考查转向对能力的考能力的考查。获取取分析分析处理信息理信息2.推理判断推理判断题 猜猜测词义题阅读阅读四大四大题题型型事事实细节题主旨大意主旨大意题3.高考英语阅读理解题考查方式是非是非题年代与数字考点年代与数字考点Wh-Wh-题 (who,what,when,(who,what,when,where,why,how)where,why,how)4.高考高考阅读阅读考考查细节查细节理解理解题题:2017年年8题2016年年11题5
2、.1、细节题细节题的的题题干分析干分析2、细节题细节题解解题题方法方法教学内容教学内容6.事实细节题考查的六大信息事事实细节题实细节题干常用干常用when,where,who,why,what 和和 how 等提等提问问或要求用此或要求用此类类信息信息补补全全句子,考句子,考查对应查对应的六大信息内容,即的六大信息内容,即 _、_、_、_、_和和 _。时间 地点 人物 原因 事件 方式 一、题干分析7.1.According to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?2.Whichofthefollowingstatemen
3、tsiscorrect/true?(三三误一正一正)3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?(三正一三正一误)4 The author(or the passage)states that_.5.常常见设题方式:方式:8.题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇,而用其同义词、近义词或反义词设题。设题特点:特点:9.Not long ago.My wife,PJ,and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question ab
4、out climate change.原因原因72.Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?A.To take special kinds of food B.To respond to climate change.C.To lose weight D.To improve their health_同同义词10.三大法宝:三大法宝:顺序原序原则二、二、细节理解解理解解题方法方法定位定位词排除法排除法11.(一一)、把握解、把握解题的的顺序原序原则(周考三(周考三C篇)篇)When John was growing up,other ki
5、ds felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden,carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood,he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction,a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all,he was happier.Far happie
6、r.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they we
7、re worthwhile members of society,”said George Vaillant,the psychologist who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves,others felt good about them.”Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47.Under Vaillant,the researchers c
8、ompared the mens mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores.Points were awarded for part-time jobs,housework,effort in school,and ability to deal with problems.28题答案29题答案12.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who
9、had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people,five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how
10、the boys turned out.Working-at any age-is important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility,independence,confidence and competence-the underpinnings(基础)of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults
11、 are those who know how to do this.Yet work isnt everything.As Tolstoy once said,“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love,to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”(一一)、把握解、把握解题的的顺序原序原则31题答案30题答案13.(二)、通(二)、通过定位定位词寻找出找出题点点定位定位词是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的一
12、个要素,适用于解答细节理解题。1.表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词,以及题干中出现的大写的名词2.表示实体意义,指代一件具体事物的名词3.题干中词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等14.21.What books does Bill Gates recommend?A.The Great Gatsby&The Brothers KaramasovB.The Great Gatsby&Catcher in the RyeC.The Brothers Karamasov&Catcher in the RyeD.The Brothers Karamasov&Crime and P
13、unishment技巧:定位词在题干中寻找线索,并圈出题干中的名词、动词、形容词等实词,找出线索词在文中的位置。1 wh-细节题细节题二模A篇15.The Great Gatsby by F Scott Fitzgerald Recommended by Chuck Palahniuk,Bill GatesThe Great Gatsby,the crowning achievement of the literary career of F.Scott Fitzgerald is setin the Jazz Age,that is,1920s.This is the story of Ja
14、y Gatsby,very wealthy and powerful billwho is in love with Daisy Buchanan.He likes to throw luxurious parties.gather the beautiful peoplein his house.Catcher in the Rve by J D.SalingerRecommended by Bill Gates,mentioned in Woody Allen Recommends What To Read Cather in the Rve is undoubtedly a classi
15、cal work of the American literature and is verypopular in“Topl0 books”listsThe main character being an expelled student named Holden Caulfield,though he is just 16.encounters many events that tend to preclude adults.Catcher in the Rye is about a youth of 196but it is still actual today.(二)、通(二)、通过定位
16、定位词寻找出找出题点点16.定位定位词的的转换形式:形式:a.同同义改写改写When I was six,Dad brought home a dog one day,who was called“Brownie”,My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her.One of us would walk her,another would feed her,then there were baths,playing catch and many other games.Brownie,in return
17、,loved each and every one of us.One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.We always felt better when she was around.41.What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?A.Look at them sadly.B.Keep them company.C.Play games with them.D
18、.Touch them gently.sick17.When I was growing up in America,I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English.Because of her English,she was often treated unfairly.People in department stores,at banks,and at restaurants did not take her seriously,did not give her good service,pretended not to understand he
19、r,or even acted as if they did not hear her.41.Why was the authors mother poorly served?A.She was unable to speak good English.B.She was often misunderstood.C.She was not clearly heard.D.She was not very polite.18.But the key issue is really moneyChina is already spending hundreds of billions of yua
20、n on domestic railway expansion68According to the passage,the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is _ Atechnical issues Bsafety of the system Cfinancial problems Dmaintenance of railway tracks19.b.转变词性与性与结构构:Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of life:“Do not d
21、o to others what you would not want others to do to you.”He assumed that all men were equal at birth,though some potential than others,are that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on individual,and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some had
22、 more potential to develop their reason than others did.Like Confucius,he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes.66.What made some people different from others according to Confucius?A.Family B.Potential C.Knowledge D.Community20.(三三)、排除法、排除法(1)正确选项的特征正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬,但是
23、一般是原文的改写,意思不变。如换一个同义词。21.a张冠李戴:把A事物的特点说成是B事物的,企图混淆视听。(2)错误选项的特征的特征Other early surnames came from peoples occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith,which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past,smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Som
24、e other occupational names are:Carter a person who owned or drove a cart;Potter a person who made pots and pans.57.According to the passage,the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _.A.owned or drove a cart B.made things with metals C.made kitchen tools or containers D.built houses and furni
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