江苏新版牛津英语7B-Unit-8-知识点.pdf
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1、1Unit 8 PetsPart One Comic strip重点全解1、Bring me something to eat.(P 92)something to eat 意为“吃的东西”。to eat 为动词不定式,修饰不定代词 something。动词不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时,常位于所修饰词之后。例如:There are many places of interest to visit.We have something important to do.2、How rude you are!(P 92)rude 形容词,意为“粗鲁的,不礼貌的”。例如:It is rude of yo
2、u to say so.We shouldnt say rude things to the old.3、Thats it.(P 92)Thats it.是一句常用的口语,意为“就是这样,正是如此”等。用法如下:(1)表示赞同或鼓励,意为“就是这样,对了,这就对了”Thats it.Lets tell him the news.(2)表示结束,意为“完了,没有别的”。You can have a cake and thats it.Part Two Welcome to the unitA重点全解1、goldfish(P 93)goldfish 为可数名词,名为“金鱼”。表示同一种金鱼时,单复
3、数同行,即复数形式仍然为 goldfish;表示不同种类的金鱼时,复数形式为 goldfishes。例如:I have two goldfish at home.There are many kinds of goldfishes in the pond.拓展 fish 意为“鱼”,表示同一种鱼时,单复数同形;表示不同种类的鱼时,复数形式为 fishes;表“鱼肉”时,fish 为不可数名词。例如:Help yourself to some fish.2、mouse(P 93)mouse 为可数名词,意为“老鼠”,复数形式为 mice。mouse 还可以指“鼠标”,复数形式为 mouses。例
4、如:Look!What a lovely mouse.There are too many mice in the house,so we need a cat.I dont like this kind of mouse.B重点全解1、I like watching them swim around.(P 93)watch sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”,表示一次完整的动作过程或经常性、习惯性的动作。watch sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”,表示动作正在执行。例如:I like watching children play basketball.The o
5、ld man is watching his grandson playing on the floor.(1)around 为副词,意为“到处,四处;在周围”,还可以用作介词,意为“围绕;在附近;在周围”。例如:I could hear her laughter all around.She put her arms around her son.(2)swim around 意为“四处游动,游来游去”。例如:The little girl likes watching the fish swim around.拓展 含有 around 的词组还有:2look around 到处看看 wal
6、k around 四处逛逛turn around 围绕转动;转身 show.around 引领参观jump around 跳来跳去例如:The earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。The little boy likes jumping around.这个小男孩喜欢跳来跳去。2、She loves to sleep on my knees.(P 93)on ones knees 意为“在某人的膝盖上”。knee 在此处用作可数名词,意为“膝盖”。例如:My mothers knees hurt when it is cold.My cat likes slee
7、ping on my knees.3、I like my mouse best because its very small and soft and I can hold it in my hand.(P 93)(1)hold 作及物动词,意为“握住,拿;举行;容纳”例如:Hold my hand and I can pull you out.Look!What is the boy holding in his hand?We hold a sports meeting every term.The hall is big enough to hold over one thousand
8、people.hold 作不及物动词时,意为“不挂断电话;持续”。例如:Hold on,please.(2)该句是 because 引导的原因状语从句,汉语中因为所以是连用的,而英语中 because 和 so 不能连用。例如:I love reading because I want to learn more about the world.4、I can feed her carrots and I like her long ears.(P 93)feed 此处用作及物动词,意为“喂养”。feed sth.to./feed.with sth.把喂给吃例如:Please feed som
9、e grass to the cow.feed 作不及物动词时,意为“(牛、马)吃”,常用短语:feed on sth.(动物)以为食。例如:Cows fed on grass.5、He can sing,and I want to teach him to speak.(P 93)teach 为及物动词,意为“教;教导;教授”。(1)teach sb.sth.意为“教某人某事”。例如:Who teaches you maths this term?(2)teach oneself.意为“自学”,相当于 learn.by oneself。例如:Tom is teaching himself C
10、hinese.=Tom is learning Chinese by himself.(3)teach sb.(how)to do sth.意为“教某人做某事”例如:We should teach the children to know good from bad.Can you teach me how to draw?Part Three Reading重点全解1、Here are her favourite poems.(P 94)poem 为可数名词,意为“诗歌”,poetry 意为“诗,诗作(总称)”。例如:Are you good at writing poems?2、My do
11、g is the cleverest animal of all.(P 94)cleverest 是形容词最高级,它由“原级 clever+-est”构成,意为“最聪明的”。三者或三者以上进行比较时,需要用最高级。例如:He is the cleverest boy in our class.This is the best one of all his paintings.形容词除了原级和最高级外,还有比较级,它由“原级+-er/r”构成,用于两者之间的比较。两者比较由 than 引导。例如:Tony is taller than Jim.3、He doesnt just run after
12、 a ball.(P 94)(1)just 此处用作副词,意为“仅仅,只”。3Dont be too hard on him-hes just a kid.just 用作副词还可以意为“正好,恰好;刚刚,刚才”。例如:Thats just what I wanted.Im just out of hospital.just 可用作形容词,意为“正义的,正直的;恰当的”。例如:He is a very just man.(2)run after 追逐,追求例如:If you run after two hares,youll catch neither.4、With eyes open wide
13、.(P 94)(1)wide 此处用作副词,意为“充分地”,表示实际意义上的“宽”。例如:That man died with his eyes open wide.widely 表示抽象意义上的“宽”,意为“广泛地,普遍地”。例如:English is widely used in the world.(2)wide 还可用作形容词,意为“宽广的,宽阔的;宽的”。例如:Our classroom is 10 metres long and 8 metres wide.5、He hunts when I hide.(P 94)(1)hunt 在此处用作不及物动词,意为“搜寻,打猎”。例如:Hi
14、s grandfather hunted in the forest in the past.hunt 还可以用作及物动词,意为“搜寻,猎杀”。例如:I think it is not right to hunt animals.hunter 为可数名词,意为“猎人”。例如:The hunters ran away.(2)hide 此处用作不及物动词,意为“躲藏,隐藏”。例如:The moon hides in the clouds.hide 还可以用作及物动词,意为“藏,隐藏”。例如:The boy often hides himself behind the door.hide 还可用作可
15、数名词,意为“躲藏处”。例如:hide and seek 捉迷藏6、He does wonderful tricks.(P 94)trick 在此处为名词,意为“把戏”。常用短语:play a trick on sb.意为“捉弄某人”。例如:The children played a trick on their teacher.7、Builds me camps out of sticks.(P 94)build 为及物动词,意为“建筑,建造”。build.out of.意为“用建造”,相当于 use.to build.。例如:The workers are building a new b
16、ridge.We build houses out of bricks and stones.=We use bricks and stones to build houses.8、He doesnt like to fight.(P 94)(1)fight 在此处用作不及物动词,意为“打架,战斗,斗争”,其过去式为 fought。fight with sb.意为“和某人打架”,fight for sth.意为“为某事而打架”。例如:They didnt fight with each other from then on.The two dogs fought for a bone.(2)f
17、ight 还可以用作及物动词,意为“与打仗”。例如:The soldiers are fighting enemies bravely.(3)fight 还可以用作名词,意为“打架,斗争”。例如:Dont have a fight with your friends.9、And Ill look after him till the end.(P 94)(1)look after 意为“照顾,照料”,相当于 take care of。例如:I look after my pet very well.(2)till 在此处用作介词,意为“到时,直到为止”,与 until 近义,其前面的动词为延续
18、性动词。例如:I will stay here till/until twelve oclock.till/until 也可以用作连词4例如:He waited until/till the children fell asleep.not.till/until 意为“直到才”,其前面的动词通常为短暂性动词。例如:He didnt come till/until late in the morning.The bus wont go till/until all the people get on it.(3)end 为名词,意为“结尾,末尾”,常用短语有:in the end(=at las
19、t=finally)最后,终于例如:We gave up the plan in the end.at the end of 在的末尾/尽头例如:There is a post office at the end of the e to an end 结束例如:The war came to an end in 1949.10、She isnt any trouble.(P 94)(1)trouble 为名词,意为“困难,麻烦”。例如:I have great trouble in my work.(2)常用句型:Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong
20、with you?=Whats the matter with you?你怎么了?常用词组:in trouble 处于困难中 out of trouble 脱离困境 trouble 还可以用作及物动词,意为“麻烦,使烦恼”。例如:Im sorry to trouble you.11、We dont have to feed her much.(P 94)dont have to 意为“不必”,相当于 neednt。以 must 引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时通常用 needn;t 或 dont have to。例如:You dont have to do your homework first
21、.-Must I go home now?-No,you neednt/dont have to.12、She doesnt need a gentle touch.(P 94)(1)gentle 为形容词,意为“温柔的,温和的”。例如:She spoke in a gentle voice.(2)touch 此处用作名词,意为“触摸,碰”例如:The silk has cool touch.touch 还可以用作动词,意为“触摸;接触;感动”。例如:Dont touch that plate-its hot.13、Hed never bark or bite.(P 95)bark or bi
22、te 意为“叫和咬人”。因为该句有否定意义,所以连词用 or 不用 and。例如:She cant sing or dance.14、And Ill always take care of him.(P 95)take care of 相当于 look after,意为“照顾,照料”。例如:We only have one earth,so we need to take good care of it.(1)care 的用法:用作不及物动词,意为“介意,在乎”。例如:Whatever you say,I dont care.用作名词,意为“介意,在乎,小心”。例如:He does his w
23、ork with great care.其形容词形式为 careful,意为“小心的,仔细的”。例如:Be careful not to wake up the baby.其副词形式为 carefully,意为“小心地,仔细地,认真地”。例如:Please check your homework carefully.(2)与 care 有关的短语:care for 想要;喜欢;爱好例如:Would you care for a drink?take care 当心,小心5例如:Take care not to break it.care about 在乎,关心例如:The little gir
24、l only cares about herself.15、.when someone comes to visit us.(P 96)visit 可以用作及物动词,也可以用作不及物动词.用作及物动词时,意为“参观,拜访”,之后跟名词或者代词作宾语。例如:Sometimes we visit the museum.She often visits her grandpa.Part Four Grammar重点全解1、become(P 97)become 此处用作连系动词,意为“成为”。例如:My dream is to become a great writer like Mo Yan.辨析:
25、become,get,turn 用作连系动词,表变化之意的区别如下:(1)become 常常用来表示身份职位的变化。例如:He became a doctor at last.(2)get 常常用来表示时间的变化,常与比较级连用。例如:The day gets longer and longer.(3)turn 常常用来表示颜色的变化。例如:The leaves turn green in spring.2、feel(P 97)feel 此处用作连系动词,意为“摸起来,感觉”,后接形容词作表语。有类似用法的词还有:look 看起来,smell 闻起来,taste 尝起来,sound 听起来。例
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