unit7-the-healing-power-of-belief.doc
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1、Unit 7For the past two years, I have been studying cancer survivors(幸存者) at UCLA, trying to find out why it is that some people respond much better to their treatment than do others. At first I thought that some patients did well because their illnesses were not as severe as the illnesses of others.
2、 On closer scrutiny(详细的调查,仔细的研究), however, I discovered that severity (n,严重,严格,严谨,严厉的对待)of the illness was only one of a number of factors that accounted for the difference between those who get well and those who dont. The patients I am talking about here received upon diagnosis(诊断) whatever therap
3、y(治疗,疗法) medication(药物,药剂), radiation(辐射,放射物), surgery(手术) - their individual cases demanded. Yet the response to such treatments was hardly uniform. Some patients fared much better in their therapies than others. 过去的两年中,我一直在加州大学洛杉矶分校观察那些在癌症中存活的患者,想要找出为什么这些人接受治疗的效果更好。一开始我认为有些患者恢复那么好的原因是他们的病情比较轻,但是经过
4、更仔细的观察,我发现病情的严重性只是为什么他们和其他人治疗效果不同的许多原因中的其中一个原因。我这里讨论到的病人接受了他们各自所需要的不同的治疗,像药物治疗、放射性疗法、手术等等。然而病人对于这些治疗方法的反应和效果不尽相同。一些患者接受治疗后恢复效果比其他人要好的多. What was it, then, that was different? Was there any one thing that all survivors had in common? Yes. I have found that the major characteristics of these survivors
5、 were very similar. Among the similarities are: 那么,那不同是什么?所有幸存者有什么共同点吗?是的。我发现,这些幸存者的主要特点是非常相似的。在相似之处是: They all had a strong will to live. 他们都有强烈的求生意愿 They were not panicky about their illness. 他们对他们的疾病不是那么恐慌 They had confidence in their ability to persevere. 他们对自己坚持下去的能力有信心 Despite all the forecast
6、s to the contrary, they believed they could make it. 尽管所有的预测都是相反的,他们相信他们可以做到 They were capable of joyous response. 他们有能力愉快地回应 They were convinced that their treatment would work. 他们对他们的治疗有信心 One woman with whom I worked closely is perhaps symbolic(象征性的) of the entire group. Lets call her Annie. Her
7、illness was diagnosed as cancer of the liver(肝). An exploratory(v,研究,探测,勘测) operation convinced the surgeons(外科医生)that the disease was too far along to(根本不) be treated by any known means. But Annie, far from being discouraged or depressed by this verdict(定论,判断), was absolutely determined to overcome
8、 her illness. She decided to fight with all of her powers of mind and body. Her family physician(医生,内科医生) was so impressed with her spirit that he felt the dismal(adj,忧郁的,凄凉的) prediction of the specialists(专家,行家,专科医生) ought not to preclude (阻止,阻碍)further efforts. Very supportive, he encouraged Annie
9、 to see a surgeon(外科医生) in Houston who had a high record of success with patients who had a strong will to live and a confident attitude. The surgeons name was John Stehlin. 一个跟我密切合作的女人就是这种人的典型代表。我们叫他Annie。她的病被诊断为肝癌。一次探查性手术让外科医生确定目前已知的任何技术都不能治疗。但是安妮对这项判决一点也不期内沮丧,而是下定决心战胜她的病。她决定用她心灵和身体的所有力量去战斗。她的家庭医生
10、对她的精神印象深刻,他觉得专家沮丧的预测不应该排除进一步的努力。他非常支持并鼓励安妮去找一个休斯顿的外科医生,他在拥有求生的强烈意志和自信态度的患者的恢复中保持较高记录。外科医生的名字叫John Stehlin. Annie went to Houston and was interviewed by Dr. Stehlin. She visited the floor in St. Joseph s Hospital where Dr. Stehlins patients were cared for. Instead of a gloomy (adj,灰暗的,令人沮丧的)white hos
11、pital setting, she found a cheerful, animated(活生生的,有生气的), attractive(有魅力的,迷人的) series of rooms, the largest of which was called the Living Room. It was equipped with easy chairs, reading corners, and alcoves(壁凹) for audio video machines, containing a large array of tape cassettes of some of the funn
12、iest(连环图画) motion pictures ever produced. Dr. Stehlin installed the sets and obtained the cassettes after reading an article I wrote for the New England Journal of Medicine on the therapeutic(adj,治疗学的,疗法的,有益于健康的) value of laughter. He had always believed that hopefulness and laughter go together. Pe
13、ople who are capable of experiencing joy, he discovered, were much better candidates(最后命运或结局如何已显而易见,报考者,申请求职者)for successful surgery and therapy than those who were morbid(病态的,疾病的)and apprehensive(adj,忧虑的,有理解力的,惶惑).安妮去了休斯敦并且收到了斯特林医生的接见。她去了圣约瑟夫医院,斯特林医生的患者在那里接受治疗。这家医院的设置不是令人压抑的白色,而是由许多令人愉快的、很有吸引力的小屋子构
14、成,最大的一间被称作起居室,那里装饰了一些简约的座椅,有阅读角,还有影音装置,里面有一长列的磁带记录着一些十分有趣的影像。在阅读完我为英格兰医药时报撰写的一篇讲述笑容的医疗作用的文章之后,斯特林医生就安装了这些设备并且购买了那些磁带。他一直相信希望和笑容对治疗十分有作用,他发现那些经常很开心的人接受治疗的效果比那些忧虑不安并畏惧疾病的患者要好得多。After spending only 15 minutes with Dr. Stehlin, Annie felt uplifted (振作的)and thrilled by the atmosphere of the place. She me
15、t with patients who had come through even greater ordeals(严峻的考验,苦难的折磨) than her own. Dr. Stehlin examined Annie and studied her medical record. Then he told her he would be willing to operate and give her the best possible care - but only if she had complete confidence in herself, in him, and in the
16、 operation. He suggested that she return home to think about it. 仅仅和斯特林医生一起呆了15分钟,安妮就觉得心情变好并被周围的环境所感染而感到十分兴奋。她遇见了一些比她的病情更为严重的病人。斯特林医生为安妮做了检查并且查看了她的病例,然后他告诉安妮他很愿意对她进行治疗并尽可能提供最好的帮助,但是唯一要求是安妮必须要完全地相信医生、她自己还有手术。斯特林医生建议安妮回家好好想一想。Annie did, but there wasnt much to think about. She was eager to proceed. Wh
17、en she returned to Houston, it was obvious to Dr. Stehlin that she was strongly motivated. He operated and removed 70 percent of her liver. Nevertheless, Annies, convalescence(=recovery,逐渐恢复健康) at St. Josephs was rapid. She was caught up in a powerful, affirmative(adj,肯定的,赞成的,同意的) atmosphere. Today,
18、 three years later, she is active and free of symptoms(病状,征兆;symbolize,象征). Annie and Dr. Stehlin know the odds(=possibility,可能的古怪的,奇数的,剩余的,临时的) are that there are probably other pockets(病灶) of cancer throughout her body. But her condition has stabilized. She is a happy, functioning human being. 安妮确
19、实回家了,但是没有什么好考虑的,她很渴望能够成功存活下去。当她回到休斯敦的时候,斯特林医生认为很明显她已经非常有动力了。他做了手术并切除了安妮约70%的肝脏,然而安妮在圣约瑟夫医院恢复地十分迅速。她在一个充满了力量与支持的环境中振作起来。三年以后,时至今日,安妮现在十分积极,并且不再受病症的困扰。安妮和斯特林医生都明白她的身体里很可能仍然有癌细胞在活跃,但是安妮的状况很稳定,她很快乐并且很健全。At the School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, I have been trying to find ou
20、t if emotions affect the chemistry of the human body. For several decades, the term psychosomatic has been in general use. It means mind body relationship. But the precise way the mind affects the body has not been clearly defined. As the result of recent research, however, it is possible to say tha
21、t specific changes take place throughout the body as the result of human attitudes. 在洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学医学院,我一直在探寻是否情绪会影响身体内的化学物质。“身心治疗”这个术语已经被用了几十年了,它的意思就是身体和心灵的关系。但是思想如何影响身体尚不清楚。根据最近的调查结果,我们可以说当人们的心理态度发生改变时,人们的身体也会发生一定的变化。Indeed, Dr. Kichard Bergland, a brain researcher at the Harvard Medical School, has w
22、ritten a paper suggesting that the human brain is basically a gland(腺体). Building on this view, Dr. Carmine Clemente, director(主任) of the Brain Research Institute(研究中心) at UCLA, has been looking into the secretions(分泌物) of the brain. He has estimated that there may be thousands of such secretions -
23、all of which play a part in the functioning of the body. 事实上,哈佛大学医学院的大脑研究学者Kichard Bergland医生写了一篇文章,认为人类的大脑是一个基本的腺体。根据这一理论,加州大学洛杉矶分校大脑研究中心的主任Carmine Clemente一直在探寻大脑的分泌物。他估计可能有几千种分泌物他们都对身体某部分机能有一定的作用。What to me is most fascinating of all about these secretions is that they are not locked away (把锁起来)o
24、r completely removed from the conscious intelligence(意识). It is true that the mind has no ongoing(adj,不间断的,进行的,前进的)awareness(n,察觉,觉悟,意识) of the numberless(adj,无数的,无号码的) functions generated(产生的) by the brain - the beating of the heart, the actions of the nerve cells, the functions of all the glands.
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- 良心出品 良心 出品 unit7 the healing power of belief
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