unit2-the-freedom-givers.pptx

Civil-rights HeroesWhatistheAfrican-Americancivilrightsmovement?civilrightsmovementisatermthatencompassesthestrategies,groups,andsocialmovementsintheUnitedStateswhosegoalsweretoendracialsegregationanddiscriminationagainstAfricanAmericansandtosecurelegalrecognitionandfederalprotectionofthecitizenshiprightsenumeratedintheConstitutionandfederallaw.DiscussionCanyounamesomefamousAfrican-Americans?Whyaretheyfamous?BarackObamaMichaelJacksonOprahWinfreyMichaelJordanWillSmithToniMorrisonMartinLutherKingAnexcerptfrom“IHaveaDream”.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed:“We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.”I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi,a state sweltering with the heat of injustice,sweltering with the heat of oppression,will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today!1.What is an underground railroad in the normal sense?2.What is this underground railroad special for?3.Can you imagine what this railroad was built for?BR_Text Prediction 1Text Prediction Read the introductory part of the text and think about the following questions.In 2004 a center in honor of the“underground railroad”opens in Cincinnati.The railroad was unusual.It sold no tickets and had no trains.Yet it carried thousands of passengers to the destination of their dreams.BR_Text Prediction 24.What probably are the dreams of the passengers?5.What probably is the destination of their dreams?6.What is the text probably about?UndergroundRailroadTheUndergroundRailroadwasasystemofsafehouses,hidingplacesandasecretgroupofpeoplewhohelpedrunawayslavesescapetofreedominCanada,MexicoandelsewhereoutsidetheUnitedStates.Itwasaroadtofreedom.Theslaveswerecalled“passengers”,thepeoplewhohelpedthemwere“conductors”,andthesafehousesalongthewayslaveshidwere“stations”.Slaves on the Underground RailroadBR_Timeline of Slavery 1Timeline of Slavery1619 Slaves in VirginiaAfricans brought to Jamestown詹姆斯敦 are the first slaves imported into Britains North American colonies.1705 Slaves as PropertyDescribing slaves as real estate,Virginia lawmakers allowed owners to bequeath赠 their slaves.The same law allowed masters to“kill and destroy”runaways.BR_Timeline of Slavery 21775 American Revolution BeganBattles at the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord康科德 on April 19 sparked the war for American independence from Britain.1776 Declaration of IndependenceThe Continental Congress asserted“that these United Colonies are,and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States”.BR_Timeline of Slavery 31783 American Revolution EndedBritain and the infant United States signed the Peace of Paris treaty.1808 United States Banned Slave TradeImporting African slaves was outlawed,but smuggling continued.1860 Abraham Lincoln ElectedAbraham Lincoln of Illinois became the first Republican to win the United States Presidency.BR_Timeline of Slavery 418611865 United States Civil WarFour years of brutal conflict claimed 623,000 lives.1863 The Emancipation ProclamationPresident Abraham Lincoln decreed that all slaves in rebel territory were free on January 1,1863.1865 Slavery AbolishedThe 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution outlawed slavery.BR_The Underground Railroad 5Para1Why did Barbara Carter speak proudly of her great-great-grandfather?-Because she thougt her great-great-grandfather was a heroic civil-rights fighter and never gave up struggling for freedom.DR_word_breeze1breeze:n.a gentle wind A gentle breeze blew over the garden.凉爽清新的微风凉爽清新的微风a cool,refreshing breeze hurricane 飓风飓风 tornado 龙卷风龙卷风 typhoon 台风台风DR_word_slender11.(of people)slim;not very wide but comparatively long or highslender fingers slender:adj.2.(of things)slight;inadequate 有苗条身材的女子有苗条身材的女子 a woman with a slender figure a slender waist 渺茫的希望渺茫的希望slender hopes a slender income Uncle Toms Cabin,written by Harriet Beecher Stowe哈哈里里耶耶特特比比彻彻斯斯托托,is one of the most famous and popular pieces of Civil War literature.Drawn from selected pieces of real life anecdotes,Uncle Toms Cabin was a book that drew many people into the fight over the institution of slavery.Northerners hailed(欢欢 呼呼)the book,while southern slaveholders abhorred it.BR_Uncle Toms CabinUncle Toms Cabin DR_word_racialrelating to a persons race,or to different races of peopleThere is a serious racial conflict in that African country.racial:adj.他是种族歧视的受害者。他是种族歧视的受害者。He was a victim of racial discrimination.DR_word_standupforstand up for:speak,work,etc.in favor of sb./sth.;support sb./sth我所有的朋友都会支持我。我所有的朋友都会支持我。All my friends will stand up for me.A soldier must stand up to the danger.stand up to:to oppose fearlessly;to bear,to lastDR_Sentence1_JosiahHensonwasParaphrase the sentence.Josiah Henson observed/followed moral principles.Josiah Henson was a man of principle.DR_word_principle1a rule or standard,especially of good behaviorprinciple:n.I am a person of principle.我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.DR_word_principle2Collocation：违反原则违反原则against ones principle 按照原则，根据原则按照原则，根据原则 by principle 有原则的有原则的 of principle 坚持原则坚持原则 adhere to ones principles 抛弃原则抛弃原则 abandon ones principles DR_Sentence2_Ihadtraveled1.Who was Moses?In the Old Testament,Moses was the Hebrew prophet and lawgiver who led the Israelites out of Egypt.I had traveled here to Hensons last home now a historic site that Carter formerly directed to learn more about a man who was,in many ways,an African-American Moses.2.Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?Henson,a black who lived in America,helped other blacks escape from the US.DR_word_historic1historic:adj.famous or important in history a historic spot两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见a historic meeting between the two leaders historic&historical这两个词都是形容词，都有这两个词都是形容词，都有“历史上的历史上的”之意。之意。historic 泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的。例如：泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的。例如：CF:DR_word_historic2The signing of The Declaration of Independence was a historic occasion.historical 主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史 有关的，真实的而不是传说中的。例如：有关的，真实的而不是传说中的。例如：CF:There is a historical society in our university.我们大学有一个历史研究所。我们大学有一个历史研究所。DR_word_sitesite:n.place where a building,town,etc.was,is,or will be situated The site for the new factory has not been decided.一所新的学校占据了工厂的旧址。一所新的学校占据了工厂的旧址。A new school occupies the site of the old factory.Collocation：历史古迹历史古迹 a historic site 建筑工地建筑工地 construction sites 战场的遗址战场的遗址 a battlefield site DR_word_mission1mission:n.particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group代表团成功地完成了使命。代表团成功地完成了使命。The delegation completed its mission successfully.Mission accomplished.任务已完成。任务已完成。炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成。炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成。The mission to blow up the bridge failed.DR_Sentence3_JosiahHensonisJosiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad,What is the part of speech of but in this sentence?And what does but mean?Here but is an adverb,which means“only”.DR_word_forgeforge:v.1.create by means of much hard workTheir friendship was forged by shared adversity.2.make a forgery or counterfeit 伪造签名伪造签名forge a signature He forged his brothers signature and cashed the check.DR_word_liberateliberate:vt.set free解除心中偏见解除心中偏见liberate the mind from prejudice 把一个国家从军事控制中解放出来把一个国家从军事控制中解放出来liberate a country from a military control liberate people from povertyliberate sb.from economic worry Pattern:liberate sb.from sth.DR_word_authorizeauthorize:vt.give approval or permission for(sth.);give authority toI have authorized him to act for me during my absence.主任允许我们在实验室工作。主任允许我们在实验室工作。The director authorized us to work in the laboratory.DR_word_exploit1exploit:1.n.brave or adventurous deed or action歌颂某人的功绩歌颂某人的功绩sing sb.s exploits 他的战功使我感到惊异。他的战功使我感到惊异。His military exploits amazed me.DR_word_exploit22.vt.employ to the greatest possible advantage 充分发挥某人的才能充分发挥某人的才能exploit ones talents 利用自己的朋友利用自己的朋友 exploit ones friends 这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.DR_word_beintentondoingsth.He was intent on the job he was doing.be intent on doing sth.:be eager and determined to do sth.他决心去法国继续深造。他决心去法国继续深造。He is intent on going to France to continue his studies.Read para6-10，and try to retell the story of John ParkerJohn parker was born a _.having learned _ and worked hard,he bought his _.After that,he became a”_”who helped the slaves to escape.Once,when Parker was leading a group of escaped slaves,a watchman _them and _the news.Parker led most of the men toward safety but had to _ several men behind.In all his life,Parker helped more than _ slaves to escape.DR_word_peer1peer:vi.She peered at him closely,as if not believing it could really be him.look closely or carefully,esp.as if unable to see well(followed by at/through/into,etc.)She peered through the mist,trying to find the right path.DR_Sentence5_EventuallyhesavedTranslate the sentence into Chinese.后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom.DR_word_onthesideon the side:He is a teacher,but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.as an additional job or source of income;secretly 他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。Hes married but he has a girlfriend on the side.conduct1.He conducted the members of the audience to their seats.他引观众到他们的座位上。他引观众到他们的座位上。2.They hired agents to conduct their affairs.他们雇请代理人来处理他们的事务。他们雇请代理人来处理他们的事务。3.code of conduct 4.Mr.Green will conduct the orchestra.格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。5.Most metals conduct electricity.大多数金属能导电。大多数金属能导电。DR_Sentence5_EventuallyhesavedParaphrase the sentence.In Kentucky,where he was now headed,there was a$1000 reward for his capture,dead or alive.In Kentucky,anyone who captured him,no matter he was dead or alive,would be rewarded$1000 and now he was going to Kentucky.DR_word_capturecapture:He was released yesterday,six months after his capture by the terrorists.1.n.the act of taking by force or of being taken by force2.v.take(a person or animal)as a prisoner King Arthur himself captures the beast and cuts off its head.DR_word_closein(on/around)close in(on/around):The people were trapped when the enemy army began to close in on e near to,esp.in order to attack from several directions;surroundNight is closing in.DR_word_religiousreligious:adj.of religiona religious group宗教团体宗教团体 宗教仪式宗教仪式a religious service DR_word_convictionconviction:n.She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.她坚信她是对的。她坚信她是对的。She had a firm conviction that she was right.firm opinion or belief Collocation：终身的信仰终身的信仰 a lifelong conviction 政治信念政治信念 political conviction 增强增强/加深某人的信念加深某人的信念strengthen/deepen ones conviction that DR_Sentence8_TheothersmadeWhat is a Quaker?Levi Coffin,a Quaker raised in North Carolina,A Quaker is any member of the Society of Friends,a religious group established in England in the 1650s by George Fox.They were originally called Quakers because members were thought to“quake”or shake with religious excitement.Quakers worship Christ without any formal ceremony or fixed beliefs,and their meetings often involve silent thought or prayer.They are strongly opposed to violence and war,and are active in education and charity work.ArchofTriumphGrandCentralTerminalDR_word_imposeimpose:vt.1.place(a penalty,tax,etc.)officially on sb./sth.New duties were imposed on wines and spirits.征收进口税征收进口税impose a tax on imports 2.try to make sb.accept(an opinion or a belief)Parents usually impose their own ideas on their children.DR_word_transporttransport:vt.take sth./sb.from one place to another in a vehicleIt took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment.The goods were transported by train.公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。A bus transported us from the airport to the city.DR_word_disguisedisguise:vt.give sb./sth.a false appearance He disguised himself as a woman.这一事实是无法隐瞒的。这一事实是无法隐瞒的。It is impossible to disguise the fact.DR_word_abolishabolish:vt.end the existence of(a law,custom,system,etc.)The death penalty is to be abolished before the end of this year.废除奴隶制废除奴隶制abolish slavery 坏的风俗应当废除。坏的风俗应当废除。Bad customs should be abolished.DR_Sentence9_Makingthebest1.What does lot mean in this sentence?Making the best of his lot,Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owners regard.Lot means“ones fortune in life,fate”.2.Paraphrase“rose far in his owners regard”.He was regarded highly by his owner.DR_word_compelcompel:vt.make(sb.)do sth.;force大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。The heavy rain compelled us to stay indoors.Collocation：强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事compel sb.to do sth.不得不（做）不得不（做）be compelled to(do)DR_word_atriskat risk:threatened by the possibility of loss,failure,etc.;in dangerThe disease is spreading,and all children under five are at risk.Collocation：无论冒什么危险；无论如何无论冒什么危险；无论如何at all risks(=at any risk)冒冒之险；不顾之险；不顾之风险之风险at the risk of DR_word_starvestarve:v.(cause a person or an animal to)suffer severely or die from hungerstarve to death Whats for dinner?Im starving!晚饭吃什么晚饭吃什么?我饿死了我饿死了!starve for news 渴望消息渴望消息Shes lonely,and starving for companionship.她很寂寞，渴望友谊。她很寂寞，渴望友谊。DR_word_passforpass for:appear like;be accepted or looked upon as(same as pass as)他被认为是个医生。他被认为是个医生。He passes for a doctor.他被误认为是个有学问的人。他被误认为是个有学问的人。He passes for a learned man.GR_Part Division of the Text Part Division of the TextPartsPara(s)Main Ideas115It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.2623By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.GR_Text Analysis 1Text Analysis In this part,the author tells the stories of three civil-rights heroes.Who are they?Give the main idea of each story.StoriesMain Ideas1After winning his own freedom from slavery,John Parker helped other slaves escape north to Canada to get freedom.Heroes Para(s)John Parker 610 GR_Text Analysis 2StoriesMain Ideas3Supported by a strong religious conviction,the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves escape at huge risk to himself.Heroes Para(s)Josiah Henson 1623 2Levi Coffin 1115 By traveling the Underground Railroad,Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.AR_Useful Expressions1Useful Expressions 1.微风微风 a gentle breeze 2.支持支持 stand up for3.有原则的人有原则的人 a man of principle 4.历史遗迹历史遗迹 a historic site5.解放奴隶解放奴隶 liberate slaves 6.决定要做某事决定要做某事 be intent on doing sth.7.轻轻的敲门声轻轻的敲门声 a soft knock AR_Useful Expressions2iron molding spread the news religious convictions find r