Translation-techniques(里面包含增译法-减译法-转译法-重复译法)PPT课件.ppt
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1、Translation Techniques1-Teaching PlanTeaching Contents:1.Introduction to the functions of translation techniques 2.Introduction to the 8 commonly-used techniques1)repetition(重复法重复法)2)amplification(增增译译法法)3)omission(/省省译译法法/减减译译法法)4)conversion(词类转词类转移法移法)5)inversion(词词序序调调整法整法)6)division(分分译译法法)7)neg
2、ation(正正说说反反译译,反反说说正正译译法法)8)the change of the voices(语态变换语态变换法法)2-Teaching PlanTeaching Aims:vTo make students get the knowledge of translation techniques and master them in translating practicing.vTo make students skilled in translation.Teaching Focus:vTraining students ability in dealing with the
3、techniques.Teaching Methods:vDiscussion(group work,then class work)and teacher-oriented lecturingTeaching Approaches:vMulti-media aided.Teaching Procedures:3-I.Discussion of the AssignmentPut the following paragraph into English:v今天的老人是昨天的劳动者。他们对物质文化的发展做出了许多贡献,理所当然应该分享其成果。当敬老、养老蔚然成风时,各个年龄层的人都会有一种完全感
4、。每个人都有一天会变老。如果人们确信老年时生活一定幸福、安康,就会全力以赴地投入工作。4-I.Discussion of the AssignmentvThe old people of today are the laborers of yesterday.It goes without saying that they should have a share in the rewards for material and cultural advancements to which they have contributions.When respecting and providing
5、for the elderly becomes common practice,people of all generations will have a sense of security.For everyone gets old some day,and when people feel perfectly secure of a happy and comfortable life in old age,they will devote themselves wholeheartedly to work.5-II.Questions for discussion1.What is do
6、mesticating?What is foreignizing?Explain them through examples.2.How do you understand the relationships between“free translation and literal translation”and“domesticating and foreignizing”?How do you use them in your translation practice?6-III.Introduction to the techniques of translationvTechnique
7、s of translation refer to the experience that people have accumulated in their practice of translation.They include lots of skills in translation,such as selection of word meaning,extension of word meaning,conversion of parts of speeches and sentence structures,long sentence translation,paragraph an
8、d passage translation,translation of articles of different kinds of styles,etc.7-Eight Commonly-used Translation Techniques1.repetition(重复法)2.amplification(增译法)3.omission(/省译法/减译法)4.conversion(词类转移法)5.inversion(词序调整法)6.division(分译法)7.negation(正说反译,反说正译法)8.the change of the voices(语态变换法)8-1.Repetitio
9、nvI.Teaching contentsv1.根据根据词义词义或修辞需要增或修辞需要增词词v2.根据根据语语法需要增法需要增词词v3.重复重复译译法法v1)为为了明确重复了明确重复v2)为为了了强强调调重复重复v3)为为了生了生动动重复重复9-vIV.Teaching Methodv Discussion(group work,then class work).vV.Teaching procedures10-1.Repetition(重复法)重复也属于增词。翻译和写作一样。本应力求简练,尽量省略一些可有可无的词;有时为了明确、强调或生动,却往往需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。例如:v(1)为
10、为了明确重复了明确重复v汉语重复,英译时也重复v(2)为为了了强强调调重复重复v为了强调,汉语句子中往往重复关键性的词,以使读者留下深刻印象,汉译英时往往可以采用同样的重复手段。v汉语原文中有词的重复,译成英语时可以保持同样的词的重复。11-1.Repetition(重复法)例如:v 他在凄雨中荡来荡去,想了又想,盘算了盘算。vHe wandered about in the chill rain,thinking and thinking,brooding and brooding.v先生们尽管可以高喊和平,和平!但是依然没有和平。vGentlemen many cry peace,peac
11、e-but there is no peace.v血债要用血来还。v Blood must atone for blood.v他们往往一遍又一遍反复琢磨这些密件。vThey would read and re-read the secret notes.12-1.Repetition(重复法)v(3)为为了生了生动动重复重复 根据两种语言各自的习惯用法,以不同的表达方式进行重复,这种重复通常是为了传达原文的生动性.v汉语中有大量四字词组,这是汉语的一在特点。四字词组比较精炼,念起来顺口,有节奏感,在英译时要注意词汇的选择,尽量保留原文生动活泼的修辞效果。例如:13-1.Repetition(重
12、复法)v他老是磨磨蹭蹭,马马虎虎,脾气又好得惊人,我们都对他毫无办法。vWith his tardiness,careless and appalling good temper,we had nothing to do with him.v我的回答完全是坦坦荡荡,(直言无隐),不藏不掖。vI had been completely honest in my replies,withholding nothing.v他的那些孩子,也是穿得破破烂烂,粗野不堪,就象没有父母似的。vHis children,too,were as ragged and wild as if they belonge
13、d to nobody.14-Examples vWe have to analyze and solve problems.v我们要分析问题,解决问题。vLets revise our safety and sanitary regulations.v我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。vGentlemen may cry,peace,peace-but there is no peace.v先生们尽管可以高呼和平,和平!但是依然没有和平。vNels had it all written out neatly.v纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。15-这种人闹什么东西呢?闹名誉,闹地位,闹出风头。What
14、 are they after?They are after name,after position,and they want to cut smart figure.大(家庭)有大(家庭)的难处。A large family has its difficulties.天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊。The sky is blue,blue;And the steppe wide,wide;Over grass that the wind has battered low;Sheep and oxen roam.Examples 16-寻寻觅觅,冷冷清请,凄凄惨惨戚戚;乍暖还寒时侯,最难将息
15、。(译文1)Seek,seek;search,search;Cold,cold;bare,bare;Grief,grief;cruel,cruel grief.Now warm,then like the autumn cold again,How hard to calm the heart!(译文2)I seek but seek in vain,I search and search again;I feel so sad,so drear,So lonely,without cheer.(许渊冲译)17-青青河边草,郁郁园中柳。Green grows the grass upon th
16、e bank,The willow shoots are long and lank.18-2.Amplification(增译法/增词法)vAmplification:It means supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear.Words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically.19-v英语和汉语在语法方面差异很大,比如英语有数的变化、有时态、
17、语态、语气变化、有情态的变化(我们常称为三态一气),而汉语这样的变化很少,如时态,只用着、了、过就解决了。在翻译中我们要注意这些差别,把英语中的数和三态一气等体现出来。为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并使译文合乎表达习惯,必须增加一些词语,这就叫增译法.v增词义增加虚词为多,也可酌量增加实词。v英译汉时经常增加的词有结构词、数量词、概念词、语气词等。v从增补的功能来看,可以分为结构增补、意义增补和修辞增补。20-vI am looking forward to the holidays.v我们等待假日的到来。vMuch of our morality is customary.v我们大部分
18、的道德观念都有习惯性。vReading makes a full man;conference a ready man;and writing an exact man.v读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人精确。vHistories make men wise;poets witty;the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.v读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。21-1.没有调查研究就没有发
19、言权。2.He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.(No investigation,no right to speak.)3.2.子曰:“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。”4.Confucius said:“He who learns without thinking is lost.He who thinks without learning remains puzzled.”5.3.虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。6.Modesty helps one to go forward,whereas conceit
20、makes one lag behind.22-4.交出翻译之前,必须读几遍,看看有没有要修改的地方.这样你才能把工作做好。Before handing in your translation,you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.Only thus can you do your work well.5.只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。The magistrate are free to burn down houses,whil
21、e the common people are forbidden even to light lamps.23-(One man may steal a horse,while another may not look over the hedge.)6.班门弄斧 Showing off ones proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.7.三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮。Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the master mind.8
22、.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。So long as green hills remain,there will never be a shortage of firewood.24-3.Omission(减译法)vOmission:In the process of translation we may make proper omission of some individual words in accordance with the corresponding laws inherent in the two languages concerned in order to retain an
23、d better express the original meaning.v减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来,因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意,或者在译文中是不言而喻的;v减译法是删去一些可有可无的,或者有了反而累赘或违背译文习惯表达法的词,并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。例如:25-v字母I代表“我”,O代表“欠”,U代表“你”。vThe letter“I”represents I,“O”owe,and“U”you.v所有物体都由分子组成,而分子则由原子组成。vAll bodies consists of molecules and these of atoms.v我们提前完成了我们的工
24、作,他们也提前完成了他们的工作。vWe have fulfilled our work ahead of schedule,so have they.v他在写学期论文时,遇到了重重困难。vHe had met with great difficulties in writing his term paper.v雨也罢,晴也罢,我都要去那儿。vRain or shine,Ill go there.v你要是去北京的话,别忘了去看一看我弟弟。vIf you go to Beijing,dont forget to see my younger brother.v勇之过度则蛮,爱之过度则为宠,俭之过度
25、则为贪。vCourage in excess becomes foolhardiness,affection weakness,thrift avarice.26-v谁犯了纪律,谁就应该受到批评。v Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized.v上大学的上大学了,下乡的下乡了。vSome have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.v他想给他们增加些援助,增添些武器,增派些人员。vHe wanted to send them more aid,more
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