it做形式主语PPT课件.ppt

.it 用作形式主用作形式主语语.1 代替主代替主语语从句从句1）It is+adj.+that从句从句 It is clear(obvious，true，possible certain.)that.“清楚（清楚（显显然，真的，肯定）然，真的，肯定）”It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.It is important(necessary，right，strange，natural.)that.that 后的从句中要用虚后的从句中要用虚拟语拟语气（气（should+动词动词原形），原形），should 可以省去，建可以省去，建议记议记住住该该句型中的形容句型中的形容词词。It is important that we(should)learn English well.1.2）.It is+v-ed+that 从句从句 It is said(reported，learned.)that.据据说说（据（据报报道，据悉）道，据悉）“。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is suggested(ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded.)that.主句中的主句中的过过去分去分词词是表示是表示请请求，建求，建议议，命令等，命令等词时词时，that后的从句要用虚后的从句要用虚拟语拟语气（气（should+动词动词原形），原形），should 可以省；常可以省；常译为译为“据建据建议议；有命令）；有命令）It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.=He is said to have come to Beijing.2.3）.It is a pity(a shame.)that.that后的从句一般用虚后的从句一般用虚拟语拟语气（气（should+动词动词原形），原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常可省去表示出乎意料，常译为译为“竟然竟然”。没有。没有这这种意种意义时义时，则则不用虚不用虚拟语拟语气。气。It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.It is a pity that he is ill.3.4).It is time(about time，high time)that.该该句型中句型中that 后的从句后的从句应该应该用虚用虚拟语拟语气，气，值值得注意的是得注意的是常用常用过过去去时态时态表示虚表示虚拟拟常常译为译为“是（正是）的是（正是）的时时侯侯”It is time that children went to bed.It is the first(second.)time that.“是第一（二）次是第一（二）次”。It is the first time I have been here.=This is the first time I have been here.4.5).It happens(seems，looks，appears)that.该该句型中句型中it是形式主是形式主语语，that 引引导导的是主的是主语语从句，主从句，主句中的句中的happen，seem等等词词是不及物是不及物动词动词。It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.碰巧碰巧.It seems that he will be back in a few days.看来看来5.6).It doesnt matter whether(if).该该句型中句型中whether(if)引引导导的从句是真正主的从句是真正主语语，该该句型常句型常译为译为不不论论（是否）没关系（是否）没关系。It doesnt matter if they are old.6.2.作形式主作形式主语语替代不定式替代不定式 1).It takes sb.to do sth.做要花做要花费费某人某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.2).It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.主句中的形容主句中的形容词词必必须须是能表示是能表示逻辑逻辑主主语语特征的形容特征的形容词词。常常见见的有：的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，stupid，wise wrong等。等。这这个句型可以改写个句型可以改写为为：sb.is kind to do sth.。It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.3).It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.常常见见的形容的形容词词有：有：important，necessary，natural easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult,dangerous，等。等。在在中的形容中的形容词词作表作表语语可以用从句改写，可以用从句改写，如：如：It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she(should)come to the party.7.It is no good(use)doing sth.该该句型中的真正主句型中的真正主语语是是动动名名词词短短语语，主句中的表，主句中的表语语可以是可以是no good,no use,useless It is no good learning English without writing English.Its useless trying to argue with Shylock.3.作形式主语替代ing形式 8.It looks(seems)as if.常常译为译为，“看起来好象看起来好象”如果与事如果与事实实不相符合，不相符合，则则用虚用虚拟语拟语气气It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）（真的病了）It looks as if he were ill.（没有生病）（没有生病）It seemed as if he were dying.9.It is up to sb.to do sth.It is up to him to clean our classroom today.今天应由他做教室清洁。It is up to parents to teach their children manners.该由父母教孩子礼貌。10.It is your turn to clean our classroom today.It is ones turn to do sth.今天今天该轮该轮到你做教室清到你做教室清洁洁。11.It is no wonder that he didnt want to go.No wonder he didnt want to go.It is no wonder that 在在该该句型中如果用肯定形式，表示句型中如果用肯定形式，表示“真奇怪，真奇怪，真是令人惊真是令人惊讶讶”；It is a wonder that he reused such a good offer.真奇怪，他拒真奇怪，他拒绝绝了了这样这样好的帮助。好的帮助。难难怪怪他不愿去。他不愿去。12.4.It 作形式作形式宾语宾语.We think it important to learn a foreign language.该该句型中的句型中的it 作形式作形式宾语宾语，为为了了记忆记忆方便我方便我们们可称可称该该句型句型为为6123结结构构。6指主句中常用的指主句中常用的动词动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式指的是形式宾语宾语it；2指的是指的是宾补宾补的两种形式：形容的两种形式：形容词词或名或名词词；3指的是真正指的是真正宾语宾语的三种形式：不定式短的三种形式：不定式短语语，动动名名词词短短语语或或that引引导导的的宾语宾语从句。从句。We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.He felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.13.find possible1.S+think +it +necessary +(for sb.)to do sth./that feel important Sentence patterns:Sentence patterns:形式形式宾语宾语 a rule2.S+V +it +ones duty +(for sb.)to do sth./that an honour 3.S +V+it +no good +doing sth.no use 14.We think it our duty to clean ourclassroom every day.He felt it no good playing computergames.They found it difficult that they wouldfinish their work in two days.15.该该句型中的句型中的it是一个形式是一个形式宾语宾语，表示模糊意，表示模糊意思或代替后面思或代替后面that 引引导导的的宾语宾语从句。从句。因因为为在在这这个句型中的个句型中的谓语动词谓语动词都是需要跟都是需要跟宾宾语语的，但又不能直接跟从句作的，但又不能直接跟从句作宾语宾语，于是就，于是就得在从句前加上一个形式得在从句前加上一个形式宾语宾语it。.We are counting on it that you will come.常常见见的短的短语语和和动词动词有：有：count on(依靠，依靠，指望，期盼指望，期盼),see to(负责负责),depend on(依依靠靠),rely on(信信赖赖，依靠，依靠)等。等。16.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)A.this B.that C.it D.one点点拨拨:这这是是it it作形式作形式宾语宾语的一种特殊用法的一种特殊用法.少数少数动词动词(如如like,like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciatelove,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate等等)或包含介或包含介词词的的动词动词短短语语(如如see to,depend onsee to,depend on等等)后接后接宾语宾语从句从句,必必须须先由先由it it担任形式担任形式宾语宾语,再接从句再接从句.1.I like(enjoy,hate)it when2.I would appreciate it if3.see to(depend on)it thatSentence patterns:C形式形式宾语宾语17.）make it 及及时时赶到赶到;成功成功;办办成成 You can make it if you hurry.You neednt worry;he will make it.）put it 说说,评评价价 “He is an honest man.”Tom put it.18.Special notice:Special notice:it be vs there be“是是”“有有”19.1._ someone at the door.I think _ the man to deliver the milk.2.Lets hurry!_ a long way to go.3._ no need to hurry.We still get much time.4._ a wonder that he refuses such a good offer.There isit isThere isThere isIt isIt is?There is?20.5._ no doubt that he has done something bad.6._ no possibility that he will cheat us.7._ no good arguing with the unreasonable woman.8._ no difference between the two plans.There isThere isIt isThere is21.9._ was a time when10._ is no denying that11._ is a chance that12_used to be a tree in the house.13._ goes without saying that不言而喻14._ occurred to sb that22.15._ is convenient to sb.16.When _ comes to football,I am worse.17._ turned out that18._ hadnt been for the exams,I would have been there.23.