高级英语-15.The-Beauty-Industry-PPT.ppt
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1、高级英语-15.The Beauty IndustryThe Beauty IndustryThe one American industry unaffected by the general depression of trade is the beamy industry.美国工业中惟一未受贸易大萧条影响的是美容用品业。American women continue to spend on their faces and bodies as much as they spent before the coming of the slumpabout three millionpounds
2、 a week.美国妇女仍不断在她们的脸上和身体上花费与经济萧条到来之前同样多的钱每周约300万英镑。The Beauty IndustryThese facts and figures are official,and can he accepted as being substantially true.这些事实与数字都是官方的,可大致属实。Reading them.I was only surprised by the comparative smallness ofthe sums expended.当读到这时,我只为花费的数目相对较小而感到惊奇。The Beauty Industry
3、From the prodigious number of advertisements of aids to beauty contained in the American magazines,从美国杂志上铺天盖地的化妆品广告来看,I had imagined that the personal appearance business must stand high up among the champions of American industrythe equal,oronly just less than the equal,of bootlegging and racketeer
4、ing,movies and automobiles.我原以为美容用品业一定居美国工业群雄之首,与贩卖私酒和敲诈勒索,电影和汽车业并驾齐驱或稍逊一筹。The Beauty Industryone hundred and fifty-six million pounds a year is a tidy sum.每年 1亿 5,600万英镑是一个相当不小的数目,Rather more than twice the revenue of India,if I remember rightly.如果我没有记错的话,超出印度年收入的两倍。Idont know what the European fig
5、ures are.Much smaller undoubtedly.我不知道欧洲的数字是多少,毫无疑问要小得多。The Beauty IndustryEurope is poor.and a face can cost as much in upkeep as a Rolls-Royce.欧洲很穷,保养一张脸需花费和保养辆罗尔斯-罗伊斯牌汽车一样多的钱。The most that the majority of European women can do is just towash and hope for the best.大多欧洲妇女最多只能洗洗脸,听天由命。Perhaps the so
6、ap will produce its loudly advertised effects;也许肥皂会产生广告中大肆宣扬的效果,大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流可以互相讨论下,但要小声点可以互相讨论下,但要小声点可以互相讨论下,但要小声点可以互相讨论下,但要小声点The Beauty IndustryPerhaps it will transform them into the likeness of those ravishingcreatures who smile so rosily and creamily,so peachily and pearlily,fr
7、om every hoarding.也许能把她们变成像那些在每块广告牌上绽开令人陶醉的红润白嫩、艳如桃李、美若珠玑般笑容的女郎。Perhaps,on the other hand,it may not.另一方面,或许肥皂不具有这种效能。The Beauty IndustryIn any case,the more costly experiments in beautification are still as much beyond most European means as are high-powered motor-cars and electric refrigerators.无论
8、怎样,在装饰自己上更为昂贵的试验和大马力汽车及电冰箱一样都是欧洲人的经济能力所不及的。Even in Europe,however,much more is now spent on beauty than wasever spent in the past.然而即使在欧洲,如今花在化妆品上的钱比过去任何时候都要多得多,The Beauty IndustryNot quite so much more as in America,that is all.只不过比起美国来要逊色些罢了。But,everywhere,the increase has been undoubtedly enormou
9、s.但无论在任何地方,增长无疑是巨大的。The fact is significant.To what is it due?这一事实意义重大。为什么会出现这种现象呢?The Beauty IndustryIn part,I suppose,to a general increase in prosperity.我认为部分是由于普遍增长的繁荣。The rich have always cultivated their personal appearance.有钱的人总是追求个人容貌的修饰,The diffusion of wealthsuch as it isnow permits those
10、of the poor who are less badly off than their fathers to do the same.财富的扩散,尽管程度并不大,境况比其父辈稍好些的穷人也能这样做。The Beauty IndustryBut this is,clearly,not the whole story.但显然这并非事情的全部。The modern cult of beauty is not exclusively a function(in the mathematical sense)of wealth.现代对美貌的狂热崇拜并不只是财富的作用(从数学意义上看),If it w
11、ere,then the personal appearance industries would have been as hardly hit by the trade depression as any other business如果是这样,那美容用品业就会和其他企业一样受到贸易萧条的沉重打击。The Beauty IndustryBut,as we have seen,they have not suffered.但是正如我们所见,它并未受到损失。Women are retrenching on other things than their faces.女人们在美容之外的一切方面紧
12、缩开支,The cult of beauty must therefore be symptomatic of changes thathave taken place outside the economic sphere。因而对美貌的狂热崇拜必定表现了经济领域以外产生的变化。The Beauty IndustryOf what changes?Of the changes,I suggest,in the status of women;of the changes in our attitude towards the merely physical.什么变化?我认为表现了妇女地位的变化
13、,表现了我们对“单纯是肉体”的态度的变化。Women,it is obvious,are freer than in the past.很显然,妇女比过去自由了,The Beauty IndustryFreer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male,不仅在完成迄今为止由男性完成的并值得羡慕的社会职能上比较自由了,but also freer to exercise the more pleasing,feminine privilege ofbein
14、g attractive.而且在运用更令人愉快的女性吸引力的特权上比较自由了。The Beauty IndustryThey have the right,if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers,at any rate to look less virtuous.如果她们没有权利不如祖母们贞淑,至少可以有权利看起来不那么贞淑。The British Matron,not long since a creature of austere and eventerrifying aspect,英国的命妇不久前还是神色严厉可怕的人物,The
15、 Beauty Industrynow does her best to achieve and perennially preserve the appearance of what her predecessor would have described as a Lost Woman.She often succeeds.现在也尽一切努力获得并常年保持她的前辈会称作为荡妇的外表,她们常能做到这点。But we are not shockedat any rate,not morally shocked.但我们并不感到震惊,至少在道德上没有震惊。The Beauty IndustryAes
16、thetically shockedyes;we may sometimes be that.But morally,no.审美上受到震惊是的,有时是这样,但道德上没有.We concede that the Matron is morally justified in being preoccupied with her personal appearance.我们作出让步,承认命妇专注于个人容貌在道德上是正当的,The Beauty IndustryThis concession depends on another of a more general naturea concession
17、 to the Body,with a large B,to the Manichaean principle of evil.这一让步是基于另一个性质更为一般的让步,即将带有大写B的肉体让与摩尼教中说的邪恶,For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights.因为我们现在已经承认了肉体具有自己的权利。The Beauty IndustryAnd not only rightsduties,actually duties.It has,for example,a duty to do the best it can for it
18、self in the way of strength and beauty.而且不仅是权利还有责任,具体的责任。例如它有责任在力与美方面尽其所能地使自己得到满足。Christian-ascetic ideas no longer trouble us.基督教的禁欲主义不再令我们不安。The Beauty IndustryWe demand justice for the body as well as for the soul.我们要求灵魂以及肉体都能得到公正的对待。Hence,among other things,the fortunes made by face-cream manufa
19、cturers and beauty-specialists,by the vendors of rubber reducing belts and massage machines,by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.因此其结果之一便是雪花膏生产者和美容专家、橡胶减肥带及头油专利者和保持腹部线条指导书的作者们大发其财The Beauty IndustryWhat are the practical results of this modern cult
20、of beauty?现代对美貌的狂热崇拜造成的具体结果是什么?The exercises and the massage,the health motors and the skin foodsto what have they led?锻炼与按摩机和护肤用品它们造成了什么结果?Are women more beautiful than they were?女人们比过去漂亮了?The Beauty IndustryDo they get something for the enormous expenditure of energy,time,and money demanded of the
21、m by the beauty-cult?由于对美貌崇拜使她们花去大量的精力时间金钱,她们从中获得了什么吗?These are questions which it is difficult to answer.For the factsseem to contradict themselves.这些都是很难回答的问题,因为事实似乎互相矛盾。The Beauty IndustryThe campaign for more physical beauty seems to be both a tremendoussuccess and a lamentable failure,It depend
22、s on how you look at theresults.为取得更丰富的体貌美,运动似乎既是巨大的成功也是可悲的失败,看你如何看待。It is a success in so far as more women retain their youthful appearance to a greater age than in the past.从更多的女人比过去更长久地保持年轻外貌这一点看,这是个成功。Old ladies are already becoming rare.“老太太”已经很少见了。The Beauty IndustryIn a few years,we may well
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