春季高考英语语法专项复习——非谓语动词.doc

春季高考英语语法专项复习——非谓语动词
u 考纲解读
概述：
1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词
2. 非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
一般说来，动词不定式表主动、将来；现在分词表主动、进行；过去分词表被动、完成。
◆动词不定式（The Infinitive）
(1)作主语
It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ）
It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的）（ Kind/nice/good/clever…）
It is easy _____ me to finish this work before ten.
It is very kind _____ you to give me some help.
(2)作宾语
接不定式做宾语，如：I don’t expect to meet you here.
1. They wanted ____( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?
2. He said he wished ______( be ) a professor.
3. I agreed______ ( go ) there with the doctor.
4. My daughter preferred ______ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.
5. He had promised ______ ( give ) me a hand.
注意：remember/forget/regret + to do :记得/忘记/后悔去做某事 (未做)
remember/forget/regret + doing :记得/忘记/后悔做过某事 (已做)
try/stop/go on + to do/doing
…+to do 做另一件事情（已经完成一件工作） …+doing 做同一件事（还没完成)
mean to do 打算，想；mean doing 意味着
(3)作宾语补足语 (与宾语之间的关系实际上是逻辑上的主谓关系)
1. Mother told me ___ come back before 10 o’clock.
2. He asked me ___do the work with him
see/watch/hear/feel/notice+sb.+do(表示________)/doing(表示_________) /done(表示_________)
make/let/have+sb.+do(表示______)/doing(表示_________) /done(表示________)
注意： 当这类动词转为被动语态时， 其后的不定式则要加上“ to” 如：
He is often heard ________ the song.(sing)
 He was seen _______ the room. (enter)
◆动词V-ing
1.作主语
①Seeing is believing
②It is no use crying. It 作_____________
2.作宾语
① S. + vt.+ doing
Have you finished reading the book?
注：在动词advise, allow, forbid(禁止)，permit（允许）等后，如果没有人称宾语，后跟动名词；如果有人称宾语则后跟不定式。例如
We don’t allow _______ here. (fish) 我们不准在这儿钓鱼。
People are not allowed _______ here. (fish) 人们不准在这儿钓鱼。
want/need/require (需要)+ doing/to be done使用动名词作宾语时，用主动形式表被动含义
① The room wants _______________________(clean).
② The method needs ______________________ (improve).
③ This pair of shoes require ______________________ (mend).
◆现在分词与过去分词
现在分词表主动、进行；过去分词表被动、完成。
1、作定语
分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。
Make less noise. There’s a _____________ child.  有一个在睡觉的小孩
We only sell _______________ books.  我们只卖用过的书。
The bridge _____________(build) last month needs repairing.  
2、作表语
分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。现在分词表示“令人…的”，修饰物；过去分词表示“感到…”，修饰人。如：
She was too _____________ to move.( frighten)她被吓得一动不动。
What you said is really ____________.(inspire)  你所说的真令从鼓舞。
3、作宾语补足语
可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, make, keep, find, have, get 等感官动词或使役动词。
1. I found them ___________ the windows.(paint) （现在分词表主动、进行）
2. I found the windows ___________.(paint) （过去分词表被动、完成）
3. I heard my brother _________ in the next room. (sing)
4. I heard the song _________ in English. (sing)
4、作状语
遵循“一找，二看，三比较”原则
1. (Seeing/seen)___________ from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory.
(Seeing/seen) ___________ from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.
2. (Hearing/heard) ___________the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
3. (Giving/Given) ___________more time, we could do it better.
专项练习
1. In the dark I heard my name ______.
A. calling                      B. call C. called                       D. to call
2. The students are busy _______ ready for the journey.
A. getting                      B. get C. got                           D. to get
3. When I came in I saw the children ______ TV.
A. watch                       B. watching C. watched                    D. to watch
4. She kept me ______ for over twenty minutes.
A. to wait                      B. waiting C. waited                       D. wait
5. It was dark. I didn’t notice you ______ a bag.
A. carry                         B. carrying C. carried                      D. to carry
6. I am looking forward to _______ you.
A. hearing from B. hearing of C. hear from D. hear of
7. It’s careless ______you______ such a mistake .
A. of , to make  B. for, to make  C. for, making  D. of, making
8.Do you know the gentlemen ______at the evening meeting?
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoken
9. — How ______ the film Harry Potter III is！ — Yeah. We are all ______ in it.
A. interesting, interested B. interested, interested
C. interested, interesting D. interesting, interesting
10. — Good morning. Can I help you?
— I’d like to have this package__________, madam.
A. weigh B. to weigh C. weighed D. be weighed
11. He pushed his way through the crowd, ______ “Excuse me.”
A. to say                       B. said C. saying                      D. having saying
12. —Are you enjoying ________ in Changsha?—Yes, I am. Very much.
A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived
13. —It’s too hot. Would you mind _____ the window?—Of course not. Please do it now.
A. to open B. opening C. opens D. opened
14. So much work usually makes him ________ very tired.
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
15. Please stop ________ a rest if you feel tired.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has
16. —Look, the factory is pouring waste water in the river!
—It’s terrible! Why not them that?
A. stop, doing B. stop, to do C. stopping, doing D. stopping, to do
17. The boy is having his eyes .
A. to examine B. examined C. examining D. examine
18. ______ more time, I could have done the job better.
A. Giving B. Given C. Being given D. Give
19. I didn’t mean _______ you.
A. to hurt B. hurting C. hurt D. hurts
20. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. to be waiting D. wait
21. —What should I do, Mr. Green?
—You should take more exercise _______healthy.
A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed
22. You'd better go and tell Jim the ______ news. I'm sure he will be very ______ it.
A. interesting; interest in B. surprised; interested in
C .interested; interesting in D. surprising; interested in
23. They are having the car ________.
A. wash B. washed C. washing D. washes
24. I don’t feel like _________ the mountain on such a cold day.
A. climbing B. to climb C. climbed D. climb
25. He advised me __________ TV too long.
A. not to watch B. watching C. not watch D. watched
26. The teacher spoke slowly to make himself         .
A. hear            B. to hear            C. hearing        D. heard
27. —-Mary was heard _______ just now . What happened ?
— John was telling a joke.
A. cry B. to cry C .laugh D. to laugh
28. Boys, don't forget _____ the windows before you leave the classroom.
A. closing 　B. closed　 C. to closing　 D. to close
29. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.
A. to have rested B. resting 　 C. to rest　 D. rest
30. Remember _______ the lights when you leave the office.
A. to turn off　 B. turning off　 C. turn off　 D. to turning off
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