英语英语语法填空专题练习及答案含解析.doc

（英语） 英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)含解析

一、语法填空
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel."
    Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments.
    When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age".
【答案】 earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthful/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，有人看起来比实际年龄小，是由于健康生活方式，好遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一种人心态可以反应他主观年龄。
（1）考察形容词。根据后文had finished过去完毕时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几种月之前”，可以和过去完毕时连用，故填earlier。
（2）考察时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考察固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事忽然就……，故填noticed。
（3）考察非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是积极关系，应用目前分词，故填explaining。
（4）考察时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为目前完毕时，主语为I，故填have made。
（5）考察冠词。age 可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。
（6）考察形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel表语，youth形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。
（7）考察名词。此处应填名词作为finding宾语，connect名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“某些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。
（8）考察介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好遗传基因人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表达“有”介词是with，故填with。
（9）考察非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。
（10）考察定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句关系词，先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
【点评】本题考点波及形容词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，名词，定语从句以及多种知识点考察，是一篇健康类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词形式 。
    "Living within 300 metres of green space ________ (associate) with greater happiness, sense of worth and life satisfaction," says a new study. ________ (use) data from UK government's Annual Population Survey (APS) of 25518 people, the researchers show that people ________ live within 300 metres of green space have significantly better mental well-being. "A lot of research focuses ________ poor mental health, or single aspect of well-being like life satisfaction. What makes our work different is the way we consider multi-dimensional mental well-being in terms of happiness, life satisfaction and worth," said Victoria Houlden from the University of Warwick.
    The study, ________ (publish) in the journal Applied Geography, found that there is a very strong relationship between the amount of green space around a person's home ________  their feelings of life satisfaction, happiness, and self-worth. Green space within 300 metres of home made the greatest ________ (differ) to mental well-being. The study found that access to green space was ________ (important) than lifestyle factors such as employment, income and general health. "By ________ (combine) advanced statistical and mapping methods, we've shown that the effect is real. ________ (basical) we've proven what everyone has always assumed was true," said Scott Weich, Professor at the University of Sheffield.
【答案】 is associated；Using；who或that；on /upon；published；and；difference；more important；combining；Basically
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，一项新研究称居住在300米以内绿地能带来更大幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。这项刊登在《应用地理》杂志上研究发现，一种人家周围绿地数量与他们对生活满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强关系。这种影响以及得到证实，它是真。
（1）考察时态语态。句意：居住在300米以内绿色空间，会带来更大幸福感、价值感和生活满意度。be associated with sth.固定短语，"与某事联络在一起"，且描述客观事实用一般目前时，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is associated。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：根据英国政府对25518人年度人口调查(APS)数据，研究人员表明，居住在绿色空间300米以内人心理健康状况明显更好。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语researchers构成积极关系，故用目前分词，填Using。
（3）考察定语从句。句意：根据英国政府对25518人年度人口调查(APS)数据，研究人员表明，居住在绿色空间300米以内人心理健康状况明显更好。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，个用关系代词who或that。故填who或that。
（4）考察介词。句意：诸多研究都集中在心理健康方面，或者说是像生活满意度这样幸福方面。focus on/upon固定短语，"集中于，专注于"，故填on或upon。
（5）考察非谓语动词。句意：这项刊登在《应用地理》杂志上研究发现，一种人家周围绿地数量与他们对生活满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强关系。本句中publish做非谓语动词与逻辑主语study构成被动关系，故用过去分词，填published。
（6）考察连词。句意：这项刊登在《应用地理》杂志上研究发现，一种人家周围绿地数量与他们对生活满意度、幸福感和自我价值感之间存在很强关系。between…and…固定短语，"在……之间"，故填and。
（7）考察名词。句意：住宅周围300米范围内绿地对心理健康影响最大。make a great difference固定短语，"有很大影响"，故填difference。
（8）考察形容词。句意：研究发现，获得绿色空间比生活方式原因如就业、收入和一般健康更重要。根据下文”than lifestyle factors“可知应填important形容词比较级，故填more important。
（9）考察非谓语动词。句意：通过结合先进记录和映射措施，我们已经证明了这种效果是真实。by为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填combing。
（10）考察副词。句意：基本上，我们已经证明了每个人一直以来所认为是对，"谢菲尔德大学专家Scott Weich表达。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Basically。
【点评】本题考点波及时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，连词，名词，形容词以及副词等多种知识点考察，是一篇科研类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

3．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容（1个单词）或括号内单词对形式。
    Each time I take the underground I find myself ________ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smart-phones. They almost won't even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smart-phones ________ (kill) time. What's worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an ________ (annoy).
    I really miss the old days when I ________ (chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different.
    Everyone just concentrates ________ their smart-phones. When talking with them, ________ seems that you are disturbing their playing smart-phones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we ________ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with ________ (distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. ________ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we ________ (control) by smart-phones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?
【答案】 surrounded；to kill；annoyance；chatted；on；it；largely；distant；How；are controlled
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述是目前社会上存在一种现象，到处可以看到每个人都只专注于他们智能手机，在某种程度上人们被智能手机控制着。
（1）考察非谓语动词。句意：每次我乘坐地铁，我发现自已被几十名玩智能手机乘客包围。固定构造：find +宾语+宾语补足语。此处myself 和surround之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，故填surrounded。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：你也许认为玩智能手机来消磨时间很正常。此处it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故答案为to kill。
（3）考察名词。句意：更糟糕是，当我和我某些朋友聊天时，他们边玩边聊天，这真很烦人。根据an可知此空用名词形式，故填annoyance。
（4）考察时态。句意：我很怀念此前在火车上和某些乘客聊天日子。结合句意可知此处指过去事情，因此句子用一般过去时态，故填chatted。
（5）考察介词。句意：每个人都只专注于他们智能手机。concentrate on固定短语，“集中精力于”，故答案为on。
（6）考察代词。句意：与他们交谈时，你似乎打扰了他们玩智能手机。it seems that……，固定句式：“似乎，仿佛”，故填it。
（7）考察副词。句意：有时我只是觉得我们很大程度上忽视了邻居，想通过互联网与远方陌生人保持联络。此处ignore“忽视”是动词，由副词来修饰，故填largely。
（8）考察形容词。句意：有时我只是觉得我们很大程度上忽视了邻居，想通过互联网与远方陌生人保持联络。此处strangers是名词，由形容词来修饰，故填distant。
（9）考察感慨句。句意：这种状况多么可笑啊!这是一种感慨句，此处ridiculous是形容词，用how来修饰，故填How。
（10）考察时态语态。句意：在某种程度上，我们目前被智能手机控制着。此处指目前一种事实，且谓语动词和句子主语we之间是一种被动关系，因此用一般目前时态被动语态，故答案为are controlled。
【点评】本题考点波及非谓语动词，名词，时态，介词，代词，副词，形容词，感慨句等多种知识点考察，是一篇社会现象类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

4．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    According to Chinese speaking practice, lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male ________ a female, are ________(common) seen in front of the gates of traditional building.
    The lion ________(regard) as the king in the animal world, so ________(it) images represent power and prestige. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of officials.
    It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ________ the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty from A. D. 25 to 220 with ________ introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, ________ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a divine animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has become a symbol of ________ (brave), power and good luck.
    It was also popular to decorate bridges with stone sculpted lions for the defending reason. The ________(well) known of bridges is the Lugouqiao, ________(build )from 1189 to 1192.
【答案】 and；commonly；is regarded；its；at；the；which；bravery；best；built
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文重要讲述了石狮子象征，历史和用途。
（1）句意：一对石狮子，一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子，一般在老式建筑门前可以看见。一对狮子，雌和雄应当是并列关系，故填and。
（2）句意：一对石狮子，一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子，一般在老式建筑门前可以看见。修饰seen用副词，commonly，一般地。故填commonly。
（3）句意：狮子被认为是动物界王者，因此它形象代表权利和威望。be regarded as被认为是，此处为固定搭配，故填be regarded。
（4）句意：狮子被认为是动物界王者，因此它形象代表权利和威望。images为名词，it是人称代词，此处用形容词性物主代词its它，修饰名词。故填its。
（5）句意：最早石狮子从公元25-2，伴随佛教流传入古代中国，在东汉初期被雕刻出来。at the beginning of意为在……开端，为固定搭配。故填at。
（6）句意：最早石狮子从公元25-2，伴随佛教流传入古代中国，在东汉初期被雕刻出来。此处特指佛教在古代中国流传，应用定冠词，故填the。
（7）句意：在佛教信奉中，石狮子可以保护真理驱走邪恶，被视为是高贵庄严神圣动物。 can protect the truth and keep off evils 是非限性定语从句，先行词是the lion，关系词用which。故填which。
（8）句意：在中国神话故事中，狮子成了勇敢，力量和好运象征。and连接并列成分，保持形式一致。power和luck都是名词，brave变成名词bravery，勇气。故填bravery。
（9）句意：最有名是桥是被建于1189年至1192年卢沟桥。the+形容词最高级，表达最……故填best。
（10）句意：最有名是桥是被建于1189年至1192年卢沟桥。主语是  the Lugouqiao ，被建造，用被动语态，此处做后置定语修饰名词，省略be动词，用过去分词built。故填built。
【点评】考察连词、副词、代词、固定搭配、冠词、非限定性定语从句、名词、副词最高级和非谓语动词。先通读全文，理解文章大意。再细读文章，分析句子成分及含义逐一作答，最终再读文章，修正错误。

5．语法填空
    Many of the earth's plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species become ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth.
    Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
    I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).
【答案】 Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，地球上诸多动、植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应当采用措施保护野生动植物。
（1）考察时态。句意：地球上诸多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用目前完毕时态，故填died。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝”，故填endangered。
（3）考察形容词。句意：假如没有采用措施，我们也许发现我们自已在地球上独自存在。alone “独自，单独”，答案为alone。
（4）考察名词。句意：野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉森林里。根据句意可著名词用复数形式，故答案为forests。
（5）考察冠词。as a result固定短语，“成果”，故填a。
（6）考察时态。句意：动物正在失去它们栖息地。句子用目前进行时态，故填losing。
（7）考察非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目状语，故填to protect。
（8）考察介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“制止某人做某事”，故填from。
（9）考察定语从句。句意：关闭污染河流和空气工厂。此处factories是先行词，指物，在背面定语从句中做主语，故填which/that。
（10）考察语态。句意：我认为还应当建立更多野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词被动语态，故填built。
【点评】本题考点波及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句以及语态等多种知识点考察，是一篇环境保护类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

6．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容（1个单词）或摘号内单词对形式。
    Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ ancient Chinese printing system.
    The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) the knowledge they've learned. One student printed her________(new) written essay "Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents?"________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing ________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song  Dynasty, and it is the world's first system of movable type printing.
    The school said the course is aimed at improving the students' awareness of Chinese characters and their ________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.
【答案】 on；an；has invited；whose；interesting；applying；newly；Known；was invented；appreciation
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，3月1日,杭州一所小学学生上了他们第一节活字课状况。该校表达,这门课程意在提高学生中文意识和对中国文化欣赏。
（1）考察介词。句意：3月1日,杭州一所小学学生上了他们第一节活字课。根据下文March 1st可知在详细某一天应用介词on，故填on。
（2）考察冠词。句意：这是一种古老中国印刷系统。system为可数名词,此处表达泛指,且ancient为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an，填an。
（3）考察时态。句意：到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位中文文化专家,他重要职责是教学生怎样使用古代印刷技术。根据上文So far可知应用目前完毕时,且主语为单数名词,故填has invited。
（4）考察定语从句。句意：到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位中文文化专家,他重要职责是教学生怎样使用古代印刷技术。本句为定语从句修饰先行词an expert,且先行词在从句中做定语,故填关系代词whose。
（5）考察形容词。句意：学生们参与有关活字历史讲座,以及有关排字和印刷有趣课程。classes为名词,指物需要-ing结尾形容词修饰,故填interesting。
（6）考察非谓语动词。句意：然后他们将所学知识打印成自已文档。apply做非谓语动词与逻辑主语they构成积极关系,故用目前分词，填applying。
（7）考察副词。句意：一名学生打印了她新写论文《孩子们收到老式红包是自已还是父母?》。修饰形容词written应用副词,故填newly。
（8）考察非谓语动词。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明,是世界上最早活字印刷系统。本句中know做非谓语动词与逻辑主语movable type printing构成被动,故用过去分词，填Known。
（9）考察时态语态。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明,是世界上最早活字印刷系统。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知应用一般过去时,故填was invented。
（10）考察名词。句意：该校表达,这门课程意在提高学生中文意识和对中国文化欣赏。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填appreciation。
【点评】本题考点波及介词，冠词，时态，定语从句，形容词，非谓语动词，副词，语态以及名词等多种知识点考察，是一篇新闻报道，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适 内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    China's first artificial intelligence (Al) textbook for high school students ________(bring) out last week, following a plan by central government ________(include) Al courses in primary and secondary school.
    The nine - chapter textbook, ________(name) " Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence" , was written by outstanding ________(scholar) from well - known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup SenseTime. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security.
    "The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on ________(practice) use of Al in daily life," said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, ________ is also a contributor to the book.
    Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country ________(undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program ________ introducing the textbook in the curriculum. "The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ________(global). The publication of the book is ________breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the 'Ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning," said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
【答案】 was brought；to include；named；scholars；practical；who；have undertaken；by；globally；a
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。
（1）考察时态语态。句意：紧接着中央