人教八年级一单元-知识点复习.doc

Lesson 1 What’s the matter?
【教学目标】1.掌握本单元的重点词汇及短语
2.学会询问某人的身体状况
【教学重点】1.掌握情态动词should 的用法
2.学会提建议的几种句型结构

单词闯关

1.__matter_______ (n.)问题，事情 2.__stomachache____ (n.)胃痛
3.__throat_______(n.)喉咙 4.__fever__________ (n.)发烧
5.__lie__________(v.)躺，平躺 6.__rest________ (v&n.)放松，休息
7.__cough_______(n&v.)咳嗽 8.__toothache___ (n.)牙痛
9.__headache____(n.)头痛 10.__trouble________(n.)问题
11._hit_______(v.)击，打 ___hit___过去式 12.___sick__________(adj.)生病的
13._climber______(n.)登山者 14.____risk________ (n&v.)危险；风险；冒险
15._accident_____(n.)事故 16.____situation_____(n.)情况
17._decision_____(n.)决定 18.___control_______(n&v.)限制
19._courage_____ (n.)勇气 20.___death________(n.)死亡

短语集锦

1._what’s the matter ______怎么了？ 9._to one’s surprise________使…吃惊的是
2._have a cold___________感冒 10._right away____________立即，马上
3._have a stomachache___ 胃痛 11._be used to doing _______习惯于…
4._lie down_____________躺下 12._use up________________用尽…
5._take one’s temperature__量体温 13._cut off________________切除…
6._have a fever__________发烧 14._get out of______________离开，从…出来
7._take breaks___________休息 15._be in control of_________掌管…
8._get off______________下车 16.__give up_______________放弃

【现炒现卖】
1.他上个星期患了重感冒。
He ________ _________ _________ _________ last week.
2.他很累。他应该躺下休息。
He is very tired.He _________ ________ _________ and _________.
3.他妈妈没有放弃尽力帮助他。
His mother didn’t _________ _________ _________ to help him.
重点点拨

1.What’s the matter?
【解析】“怎么了？”,询问某人的健康问题。
-What’s the matter with you? -I have a toothache.

2. drink some hot tea with honey.
【解析】意为“___________________________”，其中with 为介词，表示“加上，具有，带有”,反义词为without.
【例句】Eg1:Would you like some tea with sugar?
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。China is a ________ _________ a long history..
【拓展】(1).with 表示“和...一起”
Eg:Mr.Black is talking with a friend.
(2)with 表示“用（工具，手段）”
Eg:You can cut it with a knife.
(3)with表示方式、情况或条件
Eg:She likes to sleep with light on.
【练习】--Would you like some coffee,please？
--Yes,and please get some sugar. I prefer coffee _______ sugar.
A.to B.for C.with D.from

3. You need to take breaks away from the computer.
【解析1】need 作为实义动词，意为“需要”，后可接名词、代词、动名词、及带to的不定式。
Tips:Must引导的一般疑问句否定回答为：No,…needn’t/don’t have to.
【拓展1】need 作情态动词，意为“需要”，无人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。
【例句】--Need I finish the work today?
--Yes,you must. No,you mustn’t.
【练习】①— Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao?
— No, you _______ .You may give it to me tomorrow.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. may not
②You don’t have to go to bed too late at night.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. would like to
③.—Must I hand it in today?
—No. you _______ .You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't

【解析2】break 此处为可数名词，意为“（课间的）休息”
Eg:There is a 10-minute break between classes.
【拓展2】(1)break 作不及物动词，“碎，破，断”，过去式为__________,过去分词为__________.
Eg:Glass breaks easily.
(2)break 作及物动词，意为“弄碎，弄破”
Eg:He broke his right leg last month.
(3)break 作及物动词，意为“不遵守”
Eg:The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules.
【练习】上个月他摔坏了右腿。
He ________ his ________ _________ last month.

4. I think you should lie down and rest.
【解析】lie 为不及物动词，意为“躺，卧”,过去式为__________,过去分词为__________.
【拓展】(1)lie作不及物动词，意为“撒谎，说谎”，过去式和过去分词为________,_________,现在分词为_________.
Eg:You are lying to me.
(2)lie作可数名词，意为“谎言，假话”,__________________说谎
Eg:I know he told a lie just now.
(3)lay为动词，意为“产（卵）；下蛋”，过去式__________,过去分词___________.
【练习】翻译：我知道他刚才说了假话.
I know he ________ ________ ________ just now.

5. At 9:00am.yesterday,bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
【解析】see sb doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。
see sb do sth. “看见某人做某事”，强调动作的整个过程。
【练习】I often see him _________ basketball on the playground after school.
A.play B.playing C.to play D.played

6. He got off and asked the woman what happened.
【解析1】get off “下车”
【拓展】跟get 相关的短语：
get off “下（汽车、火车、飞机）”
get on “登上（汽车、火车等）”
get into “进入（小汽车、出租车）”
get out of “从（小汽车、出租车等）下来”

【练习】Don't _________ the bus until it stops.
A. turn off B.put on C.get off D.set up
【解析2】happen 不及物v，”发生” 不可用于被动语态。
【搭配】sb.happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事
sth. happen to sb. 某事降临到某人身上
【练习】用happen 的正确形式填空。
1. An accident him.
2. I _________ __________Mr. Smith in the street last night.

7. Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers,the doctors saved the man in time.
【解析1】thanks to “由于，多亏，因为”
【辨析】thanks to & thanks for
thanks to
“由于；多亏；因为”
Thanks to these kind man,her son was saved.
thanks for
“感谢你…”=thanks a lot for
Thanks very much for your help.
【解析2】辨析in time & on time
in time
“及时”
Please hand in your homework in time.
on time
“按时”
The train starts on time.
【演练】Tom didn’t go to school _____ this morning because he overslept.
A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present

8.have problems breathing.
【解析】have problem (in).doing sth.“做某事有困难”=have _______ /________ (in) _________ sth.
【练习】她在学习英语语法上有困难。
She ________ _________ ___________ English grammer.

9.As a mountain climber,Aron is used to taking risks.
【解析】be used to “习惯做…”后接名词，代词或者动名词。
Eg1:他习惯于艰苦的工作。
He is used to ________ _________.
Eg2:他习惯于早起。
She is used to _______ ________ ________.

10.Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions,and of being in control of one’s life.
【用法】decision n. 决定 v.___________
【搭配】 _________ 做决定
=make up one’s mind
【例句】He made a decision to stay in America.
【搭配】 决定做某事
= _________________________
= decide on doing sth

【翻译】我决定离开。（用两种表达）
1. _________________________________________.
2. _________________________________________.

11.His love for mountain is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
【解析】keep on doing sth.“继续做某事”
Eg:The students are keeping on reading.
【拓展】(1)keep doing sth “继续不停地做某事”
Eg1:Keep going until you reach the end of the road.
(2)keep sb.doing sth “使某人一直做某事”
Eg2:Don’t keep your mother waiting.
(3)keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”
Eg:You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons.

12.Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
【解析】give up “放弃”
【搭配】give up doing sth. “放弃做某事”
【练习】她想放弃学习数学因为它太难了。
Eg:She wanted to _______ ________ ________ maths because it was too difficult.

【课堂小练一】
1.---What’s _______ matter with you?
--I caught _______ bad cold and had a rest.
A.a;a B.the;the C.the;a D.a;the
2.Don’t get _______ the bus before it stops.
A.in B.into C.off D.out
3.I have great _______ in learning math and I am so worried.
A.trouble B.interest C.fun D.joy
4.She learned to play the piano all by _________.
A.her B.him C.herself D.oneself
5.If you have a toothache,you should _________.
A.see a dentist B.go to school C.drink a lot of water D.lie down and rest
6. He ________ stay at home and look after his mother yesterday.
A. needed to B. musted C. have to D. has to
7. I think walking is ________ our health.
A. good at B. bad at C. well in D. good for
8. We should not eat ________ junk food.
A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too

语法要点

询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法
问某人患了疾病，可用一下几种结构来表达：
(1)What’s the matter?
(2)What’s the trouble?
(3)What’s wrong?
(4)What happened (to sb)?
(5)Are you OK?
(6)Is there anything wrong with you?
illness

P1

A:What’s the matter？
B:I have a cold.
A:You should go to a doctor…

P2
A:What’s the matter?
B:I have a sore throat.
A:You should drink some hot tea with honey.

lie down and rest 躺下休息
drink some hot tea with honey 喝一些加有蜂蜜的热水
see a dentist 看牙医
take one’s temperature 量体温
put some medicine on it 上点药

Work in pairs:
A: What’s the matter?
B: I have a ……
A:You should ……
P3 P4 P5

情态动词should 的用法

【教材典句】你应该躺下休息。 You should lie down and rest.
【解析】
1.should 为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定形式为shouldn’t,后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。用来征求意见、建议、劝告等。
Eg1:We should try our best to help him.
Eg2:You shouldn’t watch TV.
【拓展】
英语中表示建议的句型很多，而且是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：
(1)Would you like (to do)sth? 你想要做某事吗？
(2)Shall I/we do sth? 我/我们去做…好吗？
(3)Why not do sth? 为什么不…呢？
(4)How/What about doing sth? 做某事怎么样？
(5)Let’s do sth. 让我们…吧.
(6)You’d better (not)do sth. 你最好（不）做某事.
【练习】
1.________ we ________ _________ the zoo tomorrow? 明天我们去动物园，好吗？
2.________ not join us? 为什么不加入我们呢？
3.________ ________ going swimming? 去游泳怎么样？
4.________ go home. 让我们回家.
5.________ ________ _________ go there alone. 你最好不要一个人去那儿.
6.________ you _________ _________ play basketball with me? 你想要和我一起打篮球吗？

【课堂小练二】
1.—What’s the _______?
---He has a headache.
A.the wrong B.the matter C.trouble D.happened
2.Tom was so careless that he _______ his right arm when he was riding to school.
A.hurts B.hurt C.has hurt D.had hurt
3.There is ________ wrong with his computer. It doesn’t work well.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
4.In order to speak English better,we ________ be afraid of losing face. Because the most important thing is to practice. Remember,practice makes perfect.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.have to
5.I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because something is wrong with his ________.
A.eyes B.ear C.hands D.legs
Homework

一、单项选择。
1.We have some _________ getting to your house.
A.problem    B.question    C.problems    D.questions
2.When I return, I found her _________ on the bed.
A.laying   B.lying   C.laid   D.lie
3. ---Kelly, who's the girl_________glasses in the photo?
---It’s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.
A. by B. of C. on D. with
4. Students shouldn’t go to school_________ breakfast. It’s bad for their health.
A. with B. without C. for D. by
5. Andrea Borelli never_________,which makes him a successful singer.
A. takes away B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up
6. — Why did you get up late this morning?
— _________I stayed up late last night.
A. Because B. So C. Because of D. But
7. — What’s the matter with you?
一I________a headache.
A. have B. take C. make D. like
8. To our_________, the little girl is the first to go to bed.
A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising
9. — What did your sister do?
— She_________the bus at the bus stop and went home.
A. got to B. got up C. got down D. got off
10. — What did you see?
— I saw many boys________ games near the river.
A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play
11. It’s __________own business(事情) Please do it yourself.
A. you B. your C. yours D. his
12. My father often cooks some delicious food_________for us at home.
A. herself B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves
13.—______?   —I have a stomachache.
A.Who are you    B.What’s the matter
C.How are you    D.What are you
14.He drinks _____ milk every day. He ate  _____ apples this morning.
A.several； little    B.much； two    C.many； much    D.a few； a little
15.The meat is _____ dear and eating _____ meat is bad for your health.
A.too much； much too    B.too much； too much
C.much too； too much    D.much many； many too
16.---Were you at home at 9:00 last night? I called you but nobody answered.
--Sorry,I _______ a shower at that time.
A.take B.took C.was taking D.am taking

二．句型转换
1. I have a stomachache.(就画线部分提问）
_______is________ ________ ________you?
2. She should drink some water.（改为否定句）
She_________ drink_________water.
3. He fell down when playing soccer.（改为一般疑问句）
________he________ down when playing soccer?
4. 你—应该喝加有蜂蜜的热茶。（根据汉语提示完成句子）
You should drink________ ________ _________ _________.
5. as，he，taking，used，risks，a，is，to，climber，mountain（连词成句）
_______________________________________________________________.

三、任务型阅读。
I’m planning my summer vacation. I don’t know what kind of holiday I should have-- a lazy one or an exciting one. Last year, I went to southern Spain with my best friends Joanna and Ling. We stayed in an excellent hotel, which had 3 swimming pools. It was quite expensive but we really enjoyed ourselves.
This year, Joanna is going to Greece with her parents. So it’ll be just Ling and me. Ling wants us to go on an adventure holiday in Africa, and we will walk in the desert and sleep out in the open. She said it would be interesting and better than having a lazy holiday because we would learn about the world around us. I’m not sure where to go.
For me, a holiday means relaxing on a beach, not walking across the desert. Ling said she’d like to see elephants and lions and have some wonderful experiences. I think she’s bored of lying in the sun all day and wants to have a change. It would cost each of us $1400 to go to Africa, but less than half that amount to go to Portugal for 2 weeks. Which one should I choose?
1.What did the writer and her friends go during the last summer vacation?
_____________________________________________________________________
2.Why can’t Joanna go on holiday with the writer this year?
_____________________________________________________________________
3.Would it cost the writer less than $700 to stay in Portugal for 2 weeks?
_____________________________________________________________________
四、书面表达
请根据以下提示写一篇不少于70词的短文。
提示:1. Dennis今天得了重感冒，头痛、发烧；
2.医生建议他在家休息，多喝水，按时吃药;
3.你准备放学后去看他，帮他补习功课。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________