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全国高等教育自学考试大学英语二复习资料Unit2B.doc
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1、Text BWorlds within WorldsNew Words1.planet n.行星2.revolve vi.旋转;绕转3.solar a.太阳的,日光的;利用太阳光的4.largely ad.1.大量地;2.主要地5.glitter vi.闪闪发光,闪烁n.闪光6.cloudless a.无云的,晴朗的7.unlikely a.未必可能的;靠不住的8.astronaut n.宇航员9.thrilling a.1.令人激动的;2.颤动的,震颤的10.outer a.外部的11.whereas conj.而,却;反之12.lesser a.较小的,更少的,次要的13.concerne
2、d a.1.有关的;2.关切的,担心的14.microscopic a.1.显微镜的;2.微观的;3.微小的,细微的15.whilst conj.1.当时;2.然而;3.虽然,尽管16.plateau (复plateaus或plateaux) n.高原17.tropical a.1.热带的;2.炎热的18.coloured a.有色的19.religion n.宗教;宗教信仰20.circumstance n.pl.情况,环境;境遇Phrases and Expressions1.a great many 很多2.above all 首先,首要3.as a rule 通常;一般说来togeth
3、er with 和First of all let us consider the earth (that is to say, the world) as a planet revolving round the sun.The earth is one of nine planets which move in orbit round the sun.These nine planets, together with the sun, make up what is called our solar systems.How this wonderful system started and
4、 what kept it working with such wonderful accuracy is largely a mystery but astronomers tell us that it is only one of millions of similar systems in space, and one of the smallest.The stars which we see glittering in the sky on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the suns of other solar
5、 systems more of less like our own, but they are so far away in space that it is unlikely that we shall ever get to know very much about them.About our own solar system, however, we are learning more every day.Before the American and Russian astronauts made their thrilling journeys into outer space
6、it was difficult for us to realize what our earth looked like from hundreds of thousands of miles away, but the photographs which the astronauts were able to take show us the earth in space looking not very different from what the moon looks like when we look at it from the earth.The earth is, howev
7、er, very different from the moon, which the American astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation, whereas our earth is very much alive in every respect.The moon, by the way, is called a satellite because it goes round our earth as well as round the sun.In our words, it goes round the sun
8、with our earth.The surface of our earth is covered by masses of land and larger areas of water.Let us consider the water areas first.The total water area is about three times as large as the land area.The very large separate areas of water are called oceans and the lesser areas are called seas.In mo
9、st of the oceans and seas some of the water is found to be flowing in a particular direction that is to say, from one part towards another part of the ocean or sea concerned.The water which is flowing in this manner is said to be moving as a current. There are many thousands of currents in the water
10、s of the oceans and seas, but only certain of the stronger and better marked currents are specially named and of great importance.There currents are important because they affect the climate of the land areas close to where they flow and also because they carry large quantities of microscopic animal
11、 and vegetable life which forms a large part of the food for fishes.The nature and characteristics of the surface of the land areas of the earth vary a great deal from area to area and from place to place.The surface of some areas consists largely of high mountains and deep valleys whilst, in other
12、areas, most of the surface consists of plains.If one made a journey over the Continents one world find every kind of surface including mountain ranges, plains, plateaux, deserts, tropical forestlands and empty areas covered permanently by ice and snow.When thinking and learning about the world we sh
13、ould not forget that our world is the home of a vary great many different people peoples with different coloured skins, living very different lives and having very different ideas about a great many important things such as religion, government, education and social behaviour.The circumstances under
14、 which different people live make a great difference between the way in which they live and the way in which we live, and it ought to be our business to try to understand those different circumstances so that we can better understand people of other lands.Above all, we should avoid deciding what we
15、think about people different from ourselves without first having learned a great deal about them and the kind of lives they have to live.It is true to say that the more we learn about other people , the better we understand their ideas and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves.词汇讲解:
16、1.revolve v.旋转,绕转The earth revolves round / around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2.solar adj.太阳的,日光的,利用太阳光的 例:the solar system 太阳系3.whereas : conj.而,却,反之He must be about sixty, whereas his wife looks about thirty.他一定有60岁了,而他的妻子看起来只有30岁。You eat a massive plate of food for lunch, whereas I have just a sandwich.你中午吃
17、了一大盘食物,而我只吃了个三明治。4.concerned : 有关的,关心的,担心的I was quite a shock for all concerned.这对所有有关人士都是一个震惊。 Her job is something concerned with English.她的工作和英语有关。5.tropical adj.热带的,炎热的Id love to live somewhere with a tropical climate.我想生活在某个属于热带气候的地方August was almost tropical this year.今年八月十分炎热6.circumstance n.
18、环境,情况,境遇We cant decide until we know all the circumstances.我们只有在了解所有的情况后才能作出决定。词组1.a great many , a good many 很多 ( 后边加可数名词)2.above all : 最重要的,尤其;首先Above all , dont forget to write.最重要的是别忘了写信。In choosing the curtain for a room, you should consider the material from the point of view of texture, its w
19、eight, its pattern - but its colour above all .在挑选房间窗帘面料时,你应该考虑质地、重量和图案等,但最重要的是颜色。3.as a rule : 在多数情况下,通常,一般而言 = usuallyAs a rule Im home by six.我通常六点前在家。As a rule, I only read detective novels.通常我只读侦探小说。4.together with : 和,连同These new facts, together with the other evidence, prove the prisoners inn
20、ocence.这些新的事实连同其他证据证明这个犯人清白无辜。John, together with his brother, has gone to the party.约翰连同他的兄弟一起去参加宴会了。 注意together with 作插入语时,句子的谓语动词的数取决于前面的主语。重点句子:1.The stars which we see glittering in the sky on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the suns of other solar systems more or less like our
21、own, but they are so far away in space that it is unlikely that we shall ever get to know very much about them.which 引导定语从句so that结果状语从句中it为形式主语2.The earth is, however, very different from the moon, which the American astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation, whereas our earth is very
22、much alive in every respect.which引导非限定性定语从句,修饰the moonvegetation 植物whereas = while 然而alive意为有活力的,在句中作表语。类似的形容词还有afraid, alone, alike, asleep, awake, aware等in every respect 在每一个方面3.In most of the oceans and seas some of the water is found to be flowing in a particular direction that is to say, from o
23、ne part towards another part of the ocean or sea concerned.to be flowing不定式作主语补语concerned 是分词作定语,修饰the ocean or sea4.There are many thousands of currents in the waters of the oceans and seas ,but only certain of the stronger and better marked currents are specially named and of great importance.Thou
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