写作指导.doc

如何描写科学家
【写作任务】
　　请根据表格中的内容写一篇英语短文，简要描述科学家斯蒂芬·霍金。
姓名
Stephen Hawking
出生日期
1942年1月
出生地
英国牛津
主要经历
*年轻时没有按照父亲的要求学医，致力于数学和物理理论（theoretical physics）的学习；
*21岁患运动神经细胞萎缩症（ALS），医生宣告他只能活两年；
*他后来丧失了语言能力，只有左手的两个手指可以活动，一直需要坐轮椅。
成就
被称为在世的最伟大的科学家；1988年出版的A Brief History of Time使他闻名于世。
注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
　　Born in January 1942 in Oxford, England, Stephen Hawking is generally accepted as the greatest scientist of our time. ____________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
1. 审题定调：
该短文属于写人的记叙文。描写科学家，就是要对他们的生平、主要事迹和贡献进行介绍，使读者对他们有一个更为清晰和全面的了解。根据所给材料对人物进行描写，应注意组织写作的先后顺序，把握文章的基本框架，避免遗漏要点。
2. 确定主体内容：
全文可分为两部分：
第一部分：对霍金的出生时间、地点、主要经历、贡献、成就等进行描述。
第二部分：给予评价。
3. 确定人称、时态：
人称用第三人称单数；时态常用一般过去时，给予评价时用一般现在时。
4. 核定表达：
Born in ..., ... is a world-famous scientist.
be accepted as / be regarded as / be considered ...
devote oneself to ...
make every effort to ...
It is a great wonder that ...
【范文展示】
Born in January 1942 in Oxford, England, Stephen Hawking is generally accepted as the greatest scientist of our time. When young, he didn't study medicine as his father advised him to. Instead, 1. _______________________ (他致力于数学和理论物理的学习). At the age of 21, he suffered from a kind of disease known as ALS, and 2. _______________________ (他的医生认为他只能活两年). It is a great wonder that Hawking has survived. 3. _______________________ (后来他不能说话了) and now he is only able to move two fingers of his left hand. 4. _______________________ (那就是为什么他一直坐在轮椅上的原因). In 1988, he made his name known to the world with his book A Brief History of Time.
Such is Stephen Hawking, a disabled man with great achievements.

答案
【范文展示】
1. he devoted himself to the study of math and theoretical physics
2. his doctor believed he would have only two years to live
3. Later he wasn't able to speak
4. That's why he has to sit in a wheelchair all the time