2021年高考英语拉分题专项训练(必修五)-专题24-Making-the-news(知识部分).docx

Making the news
重点词汇：
1. assist vi. & vt. & n．挂念；救济；帮忙 assist at/in sth.参与某事物
The students assisted the professor in doing the experiment.同学们帮忙教授做试验.
We all assisted in mending the roof.我们都挂念修理屋顶。
2.submit vi. & vt. （1）提交，呈递；（2）使听从，使屈服
Completed projects must be submitted by March.
完成的方案必需在3月10日前提交上来。
She refused to submit to threats.她面对威逼，拒不低头。
We’ll submit ourselves to the court’s judgments. 我们将听从法庭的裁决。
3. involve vt 牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与
Parents should involve themselves in their child’s education. 父母应当参与孩子的训练。
4.acquire vt. 获得，取得，学到
I managed to acquire two tickets for the concert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。
She acquired a knowledge of French. 她学会了法语。
Mr Brown acquired a fortune in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。
5.inform vt.告知；通知
Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.
地址如有变更请尽快通知我们。
We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.
我们很圆满地通知你，你的申请未被接受。
Please keep me fully informed of any developments.事态如有进展，请向我供应详情。
6. meanwhile (1) adv.与此同时；在此期间；对比之下（2）n 其间
Jim went to answer the phone. Meanwhile, Harry started to prepare lunch.Jim
去接电话。在这期间，Harry 去预备午饭。
In the meanwhile,I’ll visit an old friend.在这期间，我将去访问一位老伴侣。
7.case n. 状况；病例；案例
In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment.
在某些状况下，人们必需等上好几周才能得到约见。
The case will be heard next week. 此案下周审理。
In case of fire, call 119. 万一发生火灾，就打119。
You‘d better take the keys in case I’m out.
你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。

1、 deliberately
She broke that beautiful vase deliberately, which made me quite angry.
2、 guilty
He did steal the famous painting, so he is guilty.
3、 Meanwhile
They’ll arrive in ten minutes. Meanwhile we’ll have some coffee.
4、 Professional
The reporter went out with a professional photographer.
5、 Technical
Mike’s car broke down because of a serious technical problem.

重点短语
1.concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于；认真于……
We should concentrate all our effort on improving education.
我们应当致力于改进训练工作。
2.

【重点语法】 倒装句
英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，假如把谓语的全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。 倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。

完全倒装
规章1：表方位的副词　here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，如：Here comes the bus. 。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变，如：Out she rushed。 　　

规章2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避开头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：South of the river lies a small factory.

规章3：为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such, the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词置于主语　之前进行完全倒装，如： Such are the facts.

规章4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist / stand / live / seem 等动词替代，如：There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.

规章5：有时为了突出或强调主语，可用“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构，如：
Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.

部分倒装

规章1、含有否定意义的副词或短语，如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely…when…， no sooner…(than)…， not only…(but also), at no time, by no means等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装，如：By no means can he catch up in such a short time.
【特殊提示】
若原句中没有助动词，必需依据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did，如：He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.

④not until提前时，必需同时将until后面的全部内容提前，如：
Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.

规章2：so/as/neither/nor 位于句首,连接两种相同的状况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。
规章3：“only ＋ 副词/介词短语/状语从句　” 放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：
Only in this way can you learn English well.
规章4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首，如：Were I there, they would listen to me.
规章5：在 “so…that” 和 “such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj.”和“such＋n.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.

强调几点：
句子的一部分成分(通常是表语或状语)提前，但主谓语序不变。
1、 否定词no matter连接的让步状语从句的句式
“No matter how / wh­＋ … ＋主语＋ 谓语”，如 No matter how late it is, she often waits for him.
2. how和what引起的感叹句
(1) How ＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语，如：How blue the sky looks!
(2) What ＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语，如：What a clever boy he is!
3、As让步状语从句（as可用though代替）
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Good as he is, he will never be top of his class.
Hard as works, he makes little progress.
Try he might, he could not find a job.