电子科技大学《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf
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1、目录2011年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2014年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2015年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2016年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Part One Vocabulary 60 min(130=30 points)Section A English To Chinese 30 m
2、inTranslate the following English terms into Chinese.Write your translation onAnswer Sheet.1Hi-Fi systems【答案】组合音响2peoples jury【答案】人民陪审团3artificial turf【答案】人造草皮4epistemic holism【答案】认识整体论5round-the-clock service【答案】通宵服务6APEC【答案】亚太经济合作7synchronous transmission【答案】同步传输8tax evasion and tax dodging【答案】偷税漏
3、税9diplomatic shuttle【答案】穿梭外交10intangible asset【答案】无形的资产11brain drain【答案】人才外流12fiber-optic telecommunication【答案】光纤通信13treasury bond【答案】国库债14Achilles heel【答案】致命的弱点15national integrity【答案】民族气节Section B Chinese to English 30 minTranslate the following Chinese terms into English.Write your translation on
4、Answer Sheet.1精神污染【答案】ideological and moral pollution2万维网【答案】world wide web(www)3水上芭蕾【答案】figure swimming/water ballet4问题小说【答案】novel about social issues5物价上涨指数【答案】index of price rises/increases6货到付款【答案】cash on delivery(COD)7保健食品【答案】Health Food/health-care food8喜糖【答案】wedding candies9红头文件【答案】official d
5、ocuments/red-head documents10差额选举【答案】a competitive election/multi-candidate election/a contested election11按揭贷款【答案】mortgage loan12知识产权【答案】intellectual property/rights13自由撰稿人【答案】a freelance writer/freelancer14温室效应【答案】a greenhouse effect15国际惯例【答案】international practice/international usagePart Two Text
6、 120 min(2x60=120 points)Section A English to ChineseTranslate the following English text into Chinese.Write your translation onAnswer Sheet.What is Philosophy?By Bertrand RussellPhilosophy,as I shall understand the word,is something intermediatebetween theology and science.Like theology,it consists
7、 of speculations onmatters as to which definite knowledge has,so far,been unascertainable;butlike science,it appeals to human reason rather than to authority,whether thatof tradition or that of revelation.All definite knowledge-so I should contend-belongs to science;all dogma as to what surpasses de
8、finite knowledgebelongs to theology.But between theology and science there is a No MansLand,exposed to attack from both sides;this No Mans Land is philosophy.Almost all the questions of most interest to speculative minds are such asscience cannot answer,and the confident answers of theologians no lo
9、ngerseem so convincing as they did in former centuries.Is the world divided intomind and matter,and,if so,what is mind and what is matter?Is mind subjectto matter,or is it possessed of independent powers?Has the universe anyunity or purpose?Is it evolving towards some goal?Are there really laws ofna
10、ture,or do we believe in them only because of our innate love of order?Isman what he seems to the astronomer,a tiny lump of impure carbon andwater impotently crawling on a small and unimportant planet?Or is he whathe appears to Hamlet?Is he perhaps both at once?Is there a way of livingthat is noble
11、and another that is base,or are all ways of living merely futile?If there is a way of living that is noble,in what does it consist,and how shallwe achieve it?Must the good be eternal in order to deserve to be valued,or isit worth seeking even if the universe is inexorably moving towards death?Isther
12、e such a thing as wisdom,or is what seems such merely the ultimaterefinement of folly?To such questions no answer can be found in thelaboratory.Theologies have professed to give answers,all too definite;buttheir very definiteness causes modern minds to view them with suspicion.The studying of these
13、questions,if not the answering of them,is the businessof philosophy.【参考译文】哲学是什么?波特兰罗素哲学,就我对这个词的理解来说,乃是某种介乎神学与科学之间的东西。它和神学一样,包含着人类对于那些迄今仍为确切的知识所不能肯定的事物的思考;但是它又像科学一样是诉之于人类的理性而不是诉之于权威的,不管是传统的权威还是启示的权威。一切确切的知识我是这样主张的都属于科学;一切涉及超乎确切知识之外的教条都属于神学。但是介乎神学与科学之间还有一片受到双方攻击的无人之域;这片无人之域就是哲学。思辨的心灵所最感到兴趣的一切问题,几乎都是科学
14、所不能回答的问题;而神学家们的信心百倍的答案,也已不再像它们在过去的世纪里那么令人信服了。世界是分为心和物吗?如果是这样,那么心是什么?物又是什么?心是从属于物的吗?还是它具有独立的能力呢?宇宙有没有任何的统一性或者目的呢?它是不是朝着某一个目标演进的呢?究竟有没有自然律呢?还是我们信仰自然律仅仅是出于我们爱好秩序的天性呢?人是不是天文学家所看到的那种样子,是由不纯粹的碳和水化合成的一块微小的东西,无能地在一个渺小而又不重要的行星上爬行着呢?还是他是哈姆雷特所看到的那种样子呢?也许他同时是两者吗?有没有一种生活方式是高贵的,而另一种是卑贱的呢?还是一切的生活方式全属虚幻无谓呢?假如有一种生活方
15、式是高贵的,它所包含的内容又是什么?我们又如何能够实现它呢?善,为了能够值得受人尊重,就必须是永恒的吗?或者说,哪怕宇宙是坚定不移地趋向于死亡,它也还是值得加以追求的吗?究竟有没有智慧这样一种东西,还是看来仿佛是智慧的东西,仅仅是极精炼的愚蠢呢?对于这些问题,在实验室里是找不到答案的。各派神学都曾宣称能够做出极其确切的答案,但正是他们的这种确切性才使近代人满腹狐疑地去观察他们。对于这些问题的研究如果不是对于它们的解答的话就是哲学的业务了。Section B Chinese to EnglishTranslate the following Chinese text into English.W
16、rite your translation onAnswer Sheet互助王蒙著I君跻身文坛,盖有年矣,但总是红不起来,颇感寂寞。于是,他找到了各种关系,以盛宴重礼把著名的评论家J君招待了一次。J君有感于其情之盛,慨然允诺说:“现在他们对你太冷落了,就是不公平!我一定要写一篇推荐你的作品的文章,登到大报上,你的作品的优点是”I君不等J君说完,慌忙摆手摇头,他说:“千万不必!千万不必!我只乞求您写一篇义正词严的文章把我批一个狗血淋头!积数年之经验,我深知凡被您批了的,都可以风行全国,名震环球!而您也可以获得另一方面的美誉和利益,那才叫相反相成,相得益彰!”(246 words)【参考译文】Mu
17、tual HelpBy Wang MengIt has been several years since Mr.I had climbed up in the literary world,buthe was still not very popular.Through various connections,he managed tomeet the famous critic Mr.J and invite him to a sumptuous banquet.“Theyneglect you unfairly,”said Mr.J,moved by Mr.Is hospitality.“
18、I will write alaudatory essay and publish it in an influential newspaper.Your work ischaracterized by.”But before Mr.J could finish,Mr.I shook his head and said,“Please do notcompliment my work.I implore you to write an article denouncing me.According to my observations over the past dozens of years
19、,the works thatyou criticize become popular both at home and abroad.You,in turn,buildyour reputation and earn a nice income.Thats what we call mutual help;weopposite and complementary and reinforce each other.”2012年电子科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Part One Vocabulary 60 min(130=30 points)Section A English
20、 To Chinese 30 minTranslate the following English terms into Chinese.Write your translation onAnswer Sheet.1cultural identity【答案】文化身份2globalization【答案】全球地方化3familiar stranger【答案】熟悉的陌生人4TOEFL【答案】托福考试5domestication【答案】归化6parataxis【答案】意合7functional equivalence【答案】功能对等8translatology【答案】翻译学9post colonial
21、ism【答案】后殖民主义10schema theory【答案】图式理论11encoding and decoding【答案】编码和解码12articulation,de-articulation and re-articulation【答案】接合,解接合和再接合13brain drain【答案】人才外流14double win【答案】双赢15non-tariff barrier【答案】非关税壁垒Section B Chinese to English 30 minTranslate the following Chinese terms into English.Write your tran
22、slation onAnswer Sheet.1红娘【答案】go between/match maker2情商【答案】emotion quotient3第一手材料【答案】first hand material4第二语言习得【答案】second language acquisition5文化休克【答案】culture shock6网上冲浪【答案】internet surfing7经济大萧条【答案】Great Depression8目的语【答案】target language9地球村【答案】global village10消费青春【答案】kill the youth11亚文化抵抗【答案】subcu
23、lture resistance12汉式英语【答案】chinglish13合资企业【答案】joint venture14双边贸易【答案】bilateral trade15文化移情【答案】cultural empathyPart Two Text 120 min(260=120 points)Section A English to ChineseTranslate the following English text into Chinese.Write your translation onAnswer Sheet.Cultural Studies and Post MarxismBy Je
24、remy ValentineThe nature of the relation between cultural studies and post-Marxism issuggested by Stuart Hall s claim that cultural studies has never beensubmerged within Marxism but remains“within shouting distance of it.Ifthat is the case,then it is important to bear in mind that the Marxism which
25、cultural studies shouts at is not a stable and unified object which could simplybe applied to the study of culture.This caution is especially relevant asMarxism is a critical materialist analysis which takes social change as itsobject,and which is therefore formed by and within social change.Materia
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