英语中考语法复习 现在完成时态课件.pdf

一家三口在吃晚饭，吃了没几口，突然 来了一个好朋友，于是尴尬的场景出现了：这个好朋友满怀歉意地说：不好意思,打扰你们用餐了这个时候，如果你是主人，你该怎 么办？（备注：这个朋友已经吃过饭了，是吃饱了撑着类型的饭后串 门子）这个场景告诉我们，提前告知一下是多么重要啊大家不要出声 让他一个人尴尬主人说：我们刚好吃完了!（潜台词：你来的正是时候）4时 3时 5时 11时大约5时等客人走了再吃现在完成时presenlperfect tense)present(now)futureHe has already finished his dinner!He has been here for two hours.（1.他吃饭的动作已经结束。2.对现在的影响：他不饿）L他“在这里”的动作从过去开始持续到现在。2.并且这个动作有可能还会继续持续下去1 现力究.阀时的懒念猊点竞附时的相戚_ _ _ _)说3竟我时的时间校语救曹但劭祠易对同段的关系1/-Xhave been g have gone 用 就与一般基石用的用裱比阕 通过痴祀忆举例解释pastYesterday,we cleaned the classroom.nowNow,the classroom is clean because we have cleaned it.疆调过去发生的 动作对现在产生的 结果或影 响 1.My father bought many books for me yesterday.Now,I have a lot to read becausemy father has bought many books for me.2.I saw this film last week.Now,I know this film becausei have seen it before 3.I did my homework yesterday.Now,I can give it to the teacher becausei have done it.past nowI began to teach English at this school five years ago.用法2：I have taught English at this school for five years.过去发生的动作一宜延续到现在,还有可能继续持续下去1.1 am a doctor.I began to work when I was 22.Now,I am 26.1 have worked for four years.2.We went to the USA last Monday.Today is Monday.We have stayed(stay)in the USA since last Monday.O规则动词过去分词的构成和过去式一样，不规则 动词的过去分词见课本（八下或九年级课本最后 一页）。记忆不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，可以分为 以下几类来记：A A A型原秘、过去式和过去台词同秘；hit hit hitput put putlet let letread read readcost cost cost A B B 型，逑去式和逑去合祠同形二buy find feel havebought bought found foundfelt felthad hadA B C型.原彬、过去式和过去合祠各异、do go:fly,writedid went flew wrotedonegone flown writtenA B A 型原形与过去分词同形少 come becomecamebecamecomebecome AAB型、原形与过去式同形beat beatbeaten 尸陈述句主+has/have+过去 分词+.现在完成时一叁Ha has worked for 9 hours 他 已经工作九小时了句 问 疑|Has/have+主+过去分|词+?句 定 否Has he worked for 9 hours?他已经工作九个小时 7 nEL，主+has/have not+过去 分词+He has not worked for 9 hours他还没有工作九个小时和现在完成时连用的时间状语MeaningExampleyet还（未）1 have not finished my homework yet.ever曾经Have you ever watched this film?never从不，从没1 have never read this story.already已经1 have already done my homework.recently最近We have not seen Nancy recently.just刚刚He has just seen Nancy.for+时间段时间She learned English for nine years.since+时间点自从1 have not eaten anything since 9 a.m.in the past.在过去的He has changed a lot in the past three years.选我选我选我A:Has your brother watch?(buy)boughta newB:Not yet.选我选我选我yeteverA:Have you ever park?(be)beento theB:Yes,I have.yet ever neverI have that.(hear)never heard of anything likeTom has workedin the factory since hleft school ten years ago.:work)Cqevernever sinceforA:How long have y0U taught jn this school?(teach)B:For 6 years.Qyet ever never sincefor justI have just mended the desk,you can take it to your classroom.(mend)yetever never sincefor just beforeHave you visited the Forbidden City(紫禁城)before?(visit)yet ever never sincefor just before alreadyHe has already found a job.(find)yet ever never sincefor just before already so farWe have only discussed the first five questions so far.(discuss)They have planted over 20,000 fruittrees up to now,(plant)yetever never sincefor just before already so farup to now in the past 10 yearsGreat changes have taken place jnBeijing in the past 10 vears.(take place)yet ever never sincefor just before already so far up to now in the past 10 years in his lifeHehas donea lot of good thingsin his life(do)Cqevernever sincefor justbefore already so farup to nowin the past 10 yearsin his lifelatelyI havent seen her lately.(not see)Cqevernever sincefor justbefore already so farup to nowin the past 10 yearsin his lifelately recentlyI havent heard from him recently.(not hear from)evernever sincefor justbefore already so farup to nowin the past 10 yearsin his lifelately recentlyever since thenJHe lived in this city ever since then,(live)比较延续性动词与瞬间性动词延续性动词：表示延续一段时间的动作或状态。如：be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。瞬间性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束，如begin,arrive,die,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finis h,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,o制词性的动词是不能持续的所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。看过的人都陷入了沉思在意现在完成时的第二个用法:表示一个从过去开始，一直持续 到现在的动作或状态。通常和for或since引导的时间状 语连用。注意：动词延续性比较since和forsince用来说明动作起始时间一“自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度一“长达”for 和 sincefor后面跟一段时间，since后面跟的是时间点，这 个时间点可能是单词、短语或一般过去时的句子。带有for或since短语的句子，谓语动词都要用延 续性动词。He has been here for three days.He has been here since yesterday.He has been here since two days ago/last Monday.He has been here since his wife died.注：对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long,绝不能用when.Eg.1 have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?l.Mr.Black left China in 1990.Mr.Black has been away from China since 1990.2.The hero died five years ago.The hero has been dead for five years.3.The meeting began two minutes ago.The meeting has been on for two minutes.4.We borrowed two books last week.We have kept the two books for a week.5.Sally joined the League two years ago.Sally has been in the League for two years.短暂动词与延续性动词的转换 leave be away(from)jojn-be in/be a/e/go(to)-be(in/at)start/begin-be onarrive(at/in)-be(in/at)get(to)-be(in/at)reach be(in/at)buy haveborrow-keepfinish上e overdie-be dead close be closed open-be open return-be back marry-be married become-be否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用如：I haven t bought the bike for a year.我买这辆力 行车还不到一年。She hasn t come here for an hour.蜒来运儿还没有I个小时o/翻笄称a:7,我买了逡块手表JL用了。I have bought this watch for five years.WI have had this watch for fiveyears/since 5 years ago.Z送假老人已经花了十年了。WThe old man has died for ten years.The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.他已经命耒三天了。He has come back for 3 days.WHe has been back for 3 days/sjnce 3 days ago.4.匈乂幺袁舒他就来这儿了。，He has come here since 6 oclock.WHe has been here since 6 oclock.5.我离开家乡已十年了。I have left hometown for 10 years.WI have been away from hometown for 10 years.have been 鸟 have gone 的have been to意思是“到过，去过”（表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿）have gone to 意思是“去 了”（表示巳经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或巴 在那儿了）have been in意思是“呆在”（表示呆在禁地多久，现在人还在那里）用have been to,have gone to,have been in的适当形式填 空1.Where is Tom?He has gone t。the library.2.How many times have you been tv Paris?3.1 havent seen you for a long time.Where haveyou been?I have been to Guangzhou.4.How long have you been in this school?I have been in this school for three years.5.My brother has been in the army since he lefthigh school.“Bi过去时的用法比较一.现在龛成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情,但现在龛成时注意的不是事情本身,而是强调 事情与现在保持的禁种禽切联乐（如现在的结 果,影响，一直延续到现在等）；而_般过去时,则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与羽在没有 关系。eg:He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。假第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典,现在他还有这本字典”。傥第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字 典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。上一天i菜单二，当有一个表示过去禁一特定时间的状 播时，不用现在龛成时，而用一般过去时：eg:I saw the film on television yesterday 但since（4以来）+某一过去时间或叙述过 去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用eg：They have known each other since 1950.Since he was a child,he has lived in England.三，带与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语：yesterday（昨 天）；the day before yesterday 天）justnow（刚才）；时间+ag。;last+时间 察；egl.The plane took off ten minutes ago.eg2.We finished our task last week.劭翎嫉堂：l.Have you cleaned(clean)the room?Yes,we have done(do)that already.When did you do(do)it?We did(do)it an hour ago.2.Has he seen(see)this film yet?Yes.he has.When did he see(see)it?He saw it last week.3.How many times have you been(be)there?选用for和since填空:l.We havent seen each other 手。a long time.2.His father has been in the Party since 10 years ago.3.The film has been on 3 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here since he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead for several years.6.It7s five years since we met last time.次福1.How long have you begun to study English?studied2.1 have borrowed Xhis book for two weeks,kept3.The river has become very dirty since last August.been4.Our manager is away today.He has bee”to Guangzhou on business.gone5.He has go/?e out for two yearsbeen1.The house is dirty.We it for weeks.A.didnt clean K.hadnt cleanedC.dont clean D)havent cleaned2.the sports meeting might be put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.Ive been told told C Im told D.Itold 3Im sorry to keep you waiting.Oh,not at all.I here only a few minutes.)have been B had been C was D will be4.You dont need to describe her.I her severaltimes.A.had met)have met C met D meet5.-When will they leave?-They very soon.A.do leave leave()are leavingC.have left D.6.-Was he studying for an exam?-Yes?hes it last week.AJdoingB.to takeC.makingD.to7.She such an interesting book before.A.was never reading will never readC.had never read D;has never read4