高三英语阅读专题细节理解题教案.doc
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1、湖南省长沙县实验中学 高三英语阅读专题:细节理解题教案【常见的几种命题形式】 1Which of the following statements is True (Not True)?2Which of the questions has not been mentioned (or discussed) in the passage? 3What is the reason that? 4What do we know about?5What does the writer pay least attention to? 6Which of the following is not the
2、 result of?细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型:(1)直接信息题直接信息题能直接从原文中找到信息,而且选项和原文在语言表述上也没有大的变化或有时候仅仅在表达方式上稍作转化。【典例】Lipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise “good ” cholesterol.Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patient
3、s with several common risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.1, Whats the major function of Lipitor?A, To help quit smoking. B, To control blood pressure.C, To improve unhealthy diet. D, To lower “bad” cholesterol.(2)间接信息题这类题目我们能够从文章中找到信息,
4、但原文信息又不是解题所直接需要的,需要我们对原文信息进行合理地加工处理,根据信息作简单推理或鉴别。它是介于直接信息题和推理判断题之间的一种题型。【典例】 To you,the most important decision youll make is to choose the school that really fits you bestnot the one that is the most competitive or the one has the best equipped rooms.1.The author thinks you should choose the colleg
5、e that is _. Awellequipped Bcompetitive Csuitable Dfamous 【典例】The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street(3 minutes walk). The House may present difficulties but the Visitors Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible to
6、wheelchair user. 1.A wheelchair user may need help to enter _. Athe HouseBthe garden Cthe Visitors Centre Dthe exhibition hall【典例】According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids dont need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them.1, How do children learn how to lie? A. I
7、nstructions from parents B. School education C. Social experiences D. Basic instinct(3)综合信息题这类题目的信息不仅仅涉及文章的某一句话,还可能涉及文章的几句话,而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方,因此要求考生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能“断章取义”,也不能张冠李戴。【典例】 Third, needing to be right, it doesnt matter what the topic ispolitics, the laws of physics or the proper way to b
8、reak an eggthe point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authoritysomeone who actually knows somethingand therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more th
9、an the other, theyll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.1.Parents and teens want to be right because they want to _. Agive orders to the other Bknow more than the other Cgain respect from the other Dget the other to behave properly【典例】 Sally arrived early. As sh
10、e walked around the old house, she couldnt help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had fail
11、ed and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.1, Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house?A: Because her grandmother had died.B: Because her family were in heavy debts.C: Because she knew she co
12、uld pay for the debts.D: Because her family had to sell her grandmas belongings.(4)数字计算题这是细节题的一种,要求考生根据阅读材料中给出的信息和有关的数据,通过计算,得出正确的结论。解答此类题的关键是要弄清各个数据间的关系,确定计算方法。弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息,哪些属于干扰信息。不要孤立看待数字信息,而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。【典例】The film “Titanic” received 14 nominations for the 70th Academy Award and it is not t
13、he only one that has been given such an honor. The following is a list of films receiving 12 or more Academy Award nominations and the number of Oscars they ended up winning:“Titanic”(1997), 14 nominations, 11awards.“All About Eve”(1950), 14 nominations, 6 awards.“Gone with the Wind”(1939), 13 nomin
14、ations, 8awards.“Mary Poppins”(1964), 13nominations,5 awards.“Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf”(1966), 13 nominations, 5 awards.1,From this passage, we learn that the Academy Award came into being in _.A. 1928 B. 1919 C. 1927 D. 1898【典例】(2008年全国高考安徽卷D篇) Tuition Fees (学费)Tuition fees are different from
15、department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui waikatoacnz. Accommodation (住宿)You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc
16、 waikatoacnz 69. You have to pay at least _ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000【典例】(2010年江苏卷)BORDER CROSSINGSWhile there are no restrictions on the amount of money that you can bring across the border,you must report to both the US and Canadian b
17、order services amounts equal to or greater than $10,000.PERSONAL EXEMPTIONS(免税) ON PURCHASESAMERICANS RETURNING TO THE USLess than 48 hours:$200 US48 hours or more:$800 US dutyfree personal exemption,next $1,000 US at 3%Including up to 100 cigars and 100 cigarettes.CANADIANS RETURNING TO CANADALess
18、than 24 hours:$50 CAN48 hours or more:$400 CANIncluding up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes.7 days or more:$750 CANIncluding up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes.64If a Canadian who is on a 7day trip to New York buys $ 800 CAN worth of goods, how much should he pay tax on when returning home?A$ 800 C
19、AN. B$750 CAN. C$ 400 CAN. D$ 50 CAN.65For an American citizen on a 2day tour of Canada, how much tax does he have to pay on $ 1,600 US worth of purchases when returning to the US?A$ 24 US. B$ 48 US. C$52 US. D$ 200 US.【典例】(2010年全国卷)Ariau Amazon TowersPrices:starting at $300 one night for each perso
20、n for a regular room and going all the way up to$3,000 for the Tarzan Suite.The Ice HotelPrices: starting at $318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one.Propeller IslandPrices:starting at just $91 a night,and an additional person for only 20 extra dollars.55For two persons sp
21、ending a night in one of these hotels,they have to pay at least_.A$111 B$182 C$600 D$636 (5)排序题这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件的正确顺序。做此类试题时可采用“首尾法定位法”,即找出事件发展的首与尾,迅速缩小范围,从而快速选出正确选项。或直接逐一用排除法按顺序排除,得出正确选项。【典例】(2008年全国高考浙江卷D篇)People can use a home computer to make their shopping lists. Once at the st
22、ore, a shopper can use a preferred customer card to start a system (系统) that will organize the trip around the store. If youre looking for toothpicks, you type in the word or pick it from a list, and a map will appear on the screen showing where you are and where you can find them.54. Which of the f
23、ollowing is the correct order of shopping with the computerized shopping carts?a. Start the system. b. Make a shopping list.c. Find the things you want. D. Go to a self-checkout stand.A. abdcB. bacd C. acbd D. bcad【典例】(2010年福建卷)FScott Fitzgerald,born on September 24,1896,an American novelist,was onc
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