国际营销chapter5.ppt
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1、McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Culture,Management Style,and Business SystemsChapter 55-2Learning ObjectivesLO1The necessity for adapting to cultural differencesLO2 How and why management styles vary around the worldLO3 The extent and implication
2、s of gender bias in other countriesLO4 The importance of cultural differences in business ethicsLO5 The differences between relationship-oriented and information-oriented cultures5-3H1:“Culture not only establishes the criteria for day-to-day business behavior,but also forms general patterns of valu
3、es and motivations.”.Give examples.5-45-4Culture,including all its elements,profoundly affects management style and overall business systems.Americans-IndividualistsJapanese-Consensus oriented&committed to the groupCentral&Southern Europeans-Elitists and rank consciousStereotypical though,difference
4、s really exist5-55-5management styleKnowledge of the management style existing in a country and a willingness to accommodate the differences are important to success in an international market.H2:Whats management style?Business cultureManagement valuesBusiness methodsBehaviors5-6.Requires Adaptation
5、The necessity for adapting to cultural difference?Adaptation is a key concept in international marketing,and willingness to adapt is a crucial attitude.Adaptation,or at least accommodation,is required on small matters as well as large ones.More than tolerance is required.affirmative acceptance,that
6、is open tolerance may be needed H3:To successfully deal with individuals,firms,or authorities in foreign countries,what are the basic criteria that managers should be able to meet?(both in Chinese and English)5-7.Requires AdaptationTo successfully deal with individuals,firms,or authorities in foreig
7、n countries,managers should exhibit:open tolerance,flexibility,humility,justice/fairness,ability to adjust to varying tempos,curiosity/interest,knowledge of the country,liking for others,ability to command respect,and ability to integrate oneself into the environment5-8H4:Does adaptation require bus
8、iness executives to forsake their ways and change to local customs?Explain.Essential to effective adaptationBe aware of local customsWilling to accommodate the differencesIf it doesnt,how business executives should respond to local customs?Give some examples.The key to adaptation is to remain Americ
9、an but to develop an understanding of and willingness to accommodate the differences that exist5-9H5:Business customs can be grouped into three categories,what are they?Whats Cultural Imperatives?Give some examples.Whats Cultural Electives?Give some examples.Whats Cultural Exclusives?Give some examp
10、les.5-102.Cultural Imperatives,Electives and ExclusivesCultural imperatives:business customs and expectations that must be met,conformed,recognized and accommodated if relationships are to be successful5-112.Cultural Imperatives,Electives and ExclusivesCultural electives:areas of behavior or to cust
11、oms that cultural aliens may wish to conform to or participate in but that are not required5-122.Cultural Imperatives,Electives and ExclusivesCultural exclusives:customs or behavior patterns reserved exclusively for the locals and from which the foreigner is barred and must not participate5-13.The I
12、mpact of American CultureWays in which U.S.culture has influenced management style include,but are not limited to,the following:1.“Master of destiny”viewpoint2.Independent enterprise as the instrument of social action3.Personnel selection and reward based on merit4.Decisions based on objective analy
13、sis5.Wide sharing in decision making6.Never-ending quest for improvement7.Competition yielding efficiency5-14H7:How to understand“Master of destiny”viewpoint of American culture?people can substantially influence the future;they are in control of their own destinies.5-15H10:There are at least three
14、reasons to focus briefly on American culture and management style:1.for Americans,it is important to be aware of the elements of culture influencing decisions and behaviors.2.for those new to American culture,it is useful to better understand business associates from the States as the U.S.market is
15、the biggest export market in the world3.since the late 1990s,American business culture has been exported around the world5-16 Management Styles Around the World 1.Authority and Decision MakingBusiness size,ownership,public accountability and cultural values that determine the prominence of status an
16、d position combine to influence the authority structure of business.In high-PDI countries subordinates are not likely to contradict bosses,but in low-PDI countries they often do5-17H11:What are the three typical patterns?1.top-level management decisions,2.decentralized decisions,and mittee or group
17、decisions5-18Top-level management decision making means only top executives have the authority to make decision.Decentralized decision making allows executives at different levels of management to exercise authority over their own functions.Committee decision making is by group or consensus.5-19Diff
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- 国际 营销 chapter5
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