关于WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)的解释.pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,1,Welding procedure specification,(WPS),焊接工艺规范,Kevin Mo,What is a WPS?,什么是焊接工艺规范,(WPS)?,焊接工艺规范是为了制造符合,规范,要求的焊缝而提供指导的、经过评定合格的焊接工艺文件。它或其它文件可用于对焊工或焊机操作工提供指导,以保证符合规范要求。,A WPS is a written qualified welding procedure prepared to provide direction for making production welds to Code requirements.The WPS or other documents may be used to provide direction to the welder or welding operator to assure compliance with the Code requirements.,What is included by a WPS?WPS,的内容,一份完整的,WPS,应当包含在,WPS,中所采用的、对每一种焊接方法而言的所有,重要变素,、,非重要变素,和当需要时的,附加重要变素,。,样表见,图,1,。,焊接工艺规范其实就是规定某一焊接工艺的各种焊接变素。,The completed WPS shall describe all of the,essential,nonessential,and,when required,supplementary essential variables,for each welding process used in the WPS.For the sample,pls see the,figure 1,.,Who take charge of compiling WPS?WPS,应该由谁制定,?,每个制造者或承包者应按照焊接规范的规定编写合理的,WPS.,具体的说,WPS,是由代表厂家的焊接工程师编写的。,Each manufacturer and contractor shall prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which are defined in corresponding welding code.,Availability of the WPS,WPS,的可得性,用于产品焊接的,WPS,应当在制造现场便于获得，以供查考，并供授权检验师,(AI),检查。,A WPS used for Code production welding shall be available for reference and review by the Authorized Inspector(AI)at the fabrication site.,Welding variables焊接因素,(6)Macroetch 宏观浸蚀,Welding variables焊接因素,压力容器规范(ASME 第九部分),14、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。,Decrease from preheat temperature6 by 15 Celsius degree预热温度降低超过15度,压力容器规范(ASME 第九部分),焊工或焊接操作工 根据WPS进行生产,A change in the amperage for each diameter每种焊丝直径的电流变化超过10,Vertical Welding:For any pass from uphill to downhill or vice versa立焊：任何焊道从上到下焊接或相反,10、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。,Each manufacturer and contractor shall prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which are defined in corresponding welding code.,FCAW药芯焊丝保护焊,它或其它文件可用于对焊工或焊机操作工提供指导,以保证符合规范要求。,What is a WPS?什么是焊接工艺规范(WPS)?,Authorized by AI,授权检验师检查,conducted by welder,焊工或焊接操作工 根据,WPS,进行生产,compiled by welding engineer according to qualified PQR,焊接工程师根据评定合格的工艺评定记录（,PQR),制定恰当的焊接工艺规范 （,WPS,）,supervised by AI,授权检验师检查,Simple connection diagram,WPS,关系简图,Remarks:,PQR is the qualified welding procedure procedure and test results record.,备注：,PQR,是经过评定合格的焊接工艺数据及,相关试验,结果记录,+,FCAW,药芯焊丝保护焊,SAW,埋弧焊,GMAW,气保焊,SMAW,焊条电弧焊,GTAW,钨极氩弧焊,+,How is a WPS created?,如何创建一个,WPS?,接头形式,joint type,焊接方法,welding process,建造规范,constructionspecification,选择,资源,成本,实际约束,浏览规范，列出可行焊接方法,主要约束,修订可行焊接方法,评估生产成本,选择,规范,Weld Process Selection,焊接工艺选择,The“ideal”welding process is that which achieves the minimum specification requirements at the minimum cost.,完美的焊接工艺是那种以最小成本获得规范要求的最低水平,The Practical Welding Engineer,Variables,焊接变素,重要变素,essential variables,影响接头弯曲和拉伸性能的因素,Affect the bend ability and tension ability of joint,非重要变素,non essential variables,对弯曲和拉伸不能产生明显影响的因素,Cant produce visible affection on bend ability and tension ability of joint,附加重要变素,supplemental essential variables,影响接头冲击性能的因素,Affect the toughness of joint,Essentials listed in AWS D1.1,AWS,对各种焊接方法重要变素的规定,Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),Filler,填充材料,Increase in filler metal classification strength,增加填料的强度,Change from one electrode classification to any other electrode classification,，,limited to FCAW,从一种焊丝型号改变到另一种焊丝型号（只限药芯焊丝）,Change to an electrode classification not covered in AWS A5.18,A5.20,A5.28,A5.29.,焊丝变为在,AWS,中没有的型号,Electrode,焊丝,Change in nominal electrode diameter:,焊丝直径变化（实芯焊丝），焊丝直径增加（药芯焊丝）,Electrical parameters,焊接参数,A change in the amperage for each diameter,每种焊丝直径的电流变化超过,10,A change in type of current(ac or dc)or polarity and mode of transfer(GMAW only),电流极性变化或,GMAW,过渡模式变化,A change in the voltage for each diameter,，,surpass 7%,电压改变超过,7,An increase or decrease in the wire feed speed for each electrode diameter surpass 10%,送丝速度改变超过,10,Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),A change in the travel speed surpass 25%,焊接速度改变超过,25,An increase in heat input surpass 10%,热输入,增加超过,10,Shielding gas,保护气,A change in shielding gas from a single gas to any other single gas or mixture of gas,or in the specified nominal percentage composition of a gas mixture,or to no gas,保护气从单种气体变为其它单种气体或混合气体,Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),A change in total gas flow rate,气体流量增加大于,50,或减小超过,20,A change to a shielding gas not covered in,。改变为不包含在,AWS A5.18,5.28,A5.20,A5.29,中的保护气。,General,一般条件,For the PQR groove area,an increase or decrease 25%in the number of passes,对于与,PQR,坡口面积相同的，焊道数改变超过,25,A change in position not qualified,焊接位置,改变为未经评定的位置。,Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),A change in diameter,or thickness,or both,not qualified by,Table 2,工件直径或厚度未在评定范围之外。,A change in base metal or combination of base metals not listed on the PQR,母材,未经评定,Vertical Welding:For any pass from uphill to downhill or vice versa,立焊：任何焊道从上到下焊接或相反,A change in groove type(e.g.,single-V to double-V),坡口形式,变化（例如，单,V,到双,V),Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),A change in the type of groove to a square groove and vice versa,从,任何坡口形式改变为直边或相反,A change exceeding the tolerances,including decreasing of groove angle,decreasing of root opening,increasing of root face.,坡口角度减小，坡口间隙减小以及钝边增加超过公差范围,The omission,but not inclusion,of backing or back gouging,取消,衬垫,或,清根,Decrease from preheat temperature6 by 15 Celsius degree,预热温度降低超过,15,度,Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW,中的重要变素,(AWS),Figure 1.WPS sample,图,1.,样表,Welding Procedure Specification(WPS),焊接工艺规范样表,Type of qualification testWPS,评定试验项目及试样数量、类型,The type and number of qualification tests required to,qualify a WPS for a given thickness,diameter,or both,shall conform to,Table 2(CJP,),Table 3(PJP,)or,Table 4(fillet,).Details on the individual NDT and mechanical,test requirements are found in the following,subsections:,评定,WPS,试验的项目及数量应遵照,表,2(,全焊透接头,），,表,3,（部分焊透接头）,或,表,4,（角接头）。,主要有以下几种试验项目。,(1)Visual Inspection,外观检验,(2)NDT,无损检验，含,RT,MT,UT,PT,等,(3)Face,root and side bend,面弯，背弯及侧弯,(4)Reduced Section,缩截面焊缝拉伸,(5)All-Weld-Metal Tension,全熔敷金属拉伸,(6),Macro,etch,宏观浸蚀,Number and type of test specimens and range of,thickness qualified-CJP,评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型,(,全焊透接头）,Number and type of test specimens and range of,thickness qualified-PJP,评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型,(,部分焊透接头）,Number and type of test specimens and range of,thickness qualified-Fillet joint,评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型,(,角接头）,Each manufacturer and contractor shall prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which are defined in corresponding welding code.,评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型(全焊透接头）,thickness qualified-PJP,10月-2207:52:4007:52Oct-2226-Oct-22,坡口焊缝管焊接位置,A change in the amperage for each diameter每种焊丝直径的电流变化超过10,9、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！,15、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。,Variables 焊接变素,Groove weld pipe welding position,12、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。,A change in the travel speed surpass 25%焊接速度改变超过25,具体的说WPS是由代表厂家的焊接工程师编写的。,Welding Positions 焊接位置,11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。,Welding Positions 焊接位置,Classification of base metal,母材分类,Classification of base metal,母材分类,Classification of base metal,母材分类,Square,直边,Single-V,单,V,坡口,(,带衬垫,),Double-V,双,V,形坡口,(X,形坡口,),Groove Weld Types,坡口形式,Welding variables,焊接因素,Single-bevel,单边,V,形坡口,Double-bevel,K,形坡口,Groove Weld Types,坡口形式,Welding variables,焊接因素,Single-U,单面,U,形坡口,Double-U,双面,U,形坡口,Groove Weld Types,坡口形式,Welding variables,焊接因素,Single-J,单面,J,形坡口,Double-J,双面,J,形坡口,Groove Weld Types,坡口形式,Welding variables,焊接因素,Flare-bevel,卷边接头,Flare-V,V,形卷边接头,Groove Weld Types,坡口形式,Welding variables,焊接因素,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,坡口焊缝板焊接位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Groove weld pipe welding position,坡口焊缝管焊接位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Groove weld pipe welding position,坡口焊缝管焊接位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Groove weld pipe welding position,坡口焊缝管焊接位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Groove weld pipe welding position,坡口焊缝管焊接位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Positions of Plate fillet welds,板角焊缝位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Positions of test piping or tubing for fillet welds,管管、管板角焊缝位置,Welding Positions,焊接位置,Welding variables,焊接因素,Heat Input,热输入,U=arc voltage,电弧电压,I =current,焊接电流,V,=travel speed(,mm/s,),焊接速度,E,=heat input(kJ/,mm,.),热输入,E=,UI/V,Welding variables,焊接因素,Gauging,清根,To make sure that get a complete penetration and good fusion at root,grinding 1st pass and welding from another side.,为确保根部焊透及熔合良好，打磨根部焊道后从另一面再焊一道。,Welding variables,焊接因素,Welding Codes,焊接法规,American Welding Society(AWS)-Governing body of the welding industry,美国焊接学会（,AWS,）,-,焊接行业的权威机构,Structural Welding Code(AWS D1.1),结构焊接规范（,AWS D 1.1,）,Bridge Welding Code(AWS D1.5),桥梁焊接规范,(AWS D 1.5),Pressure Vessel Code(ASME section 9),压力容器规范,(ASME,第九部分,),Shipbuilding Code(ABS),造船规范,(ABS),Contract file.,承包商技术规范,9,、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。,10月-26,10月-26,Sunday,October 4,2026,10,、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,10/4/2026 2:09:40 AM,11,、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09,Oct-26,04-Oct-26,12,、故人江海别，几度隔山川。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,Sunday,October 4,2026,13,、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。,10月-26,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09:40,October 4,2026,14,、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。,04 十月 2026,2:09:40 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,15,、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。,。,十月 26,2:09 上午,10月-26,02:09,October 4,2026,16,、行动出成果，工作出财富。,2026/10/4 2:09:40,02:09:40,04 October 2026,17,、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。,2:09:40 上午,2:09 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,9,、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。,10月-26,10月-26,Sunday,October 4,2026,10,、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,10/4/2026 2:09:40 AM,11,、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09,Oct-26,04-Oct-26,12,、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,Sunday,October 4,2026,13,、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。,10月-26,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09:40,October 4,2026,14,、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。,04 十月 2026,2:09:40 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,15,、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。,。,十月 26,2:09 上午,10月-26,02:09,October 4,2026,16,、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。,2026/10/4 2:09:40,02:09:40,04 October 2026,17,、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。,2:09:40 上午,2:09 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,9,、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。,10月-26,10月-26,Sunday,October 4,2026,10,、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,10/4/2026 2:09:40 AM,11,、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09,Oct-26,04-Oct-26,12,、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。,02:09:40,02:09:40,02:09,Sunday,October 4,2026,13,、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。,10月-26,10月-26,02:09:40,02:09:40,October 4,2026,14,、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。,04 十月 2026,2:09:40 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,15,、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。,十月 26,2:09 上午,10月-26,02:09,October 4,2026,16,、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。,2026/10/4 2:09:40,02:09:40,04 October 2026,17,、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。,2:09:40 上午,2:09 上午,02:09:40,10月-26,MOMODA POWERPOINT,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus.,感谢您的下载观看,专家告诉,