2018中考英语知识点：谓语动词和主语的一致.pptx

,#,-,精选公文范文,-,2018,中考英语知识,点：谓语动词和主语的一,致,各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢,谢,新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开,始，中考网为各位初三考生整理了各学,科的复习攻略，主要包括中考必考点、,中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试,答题技巧等内容，帮助各位考生梳理知,识脉络，理清做题思路，希望各位考生,可以在考试中取得优异成绩！下面是,2018,中考英语知识点：谓语动词和主,语的一致，仅供参考！谓语动词,和主语的一致,有些谓语动词必须和主语在人称,和数上保持一致，特别是动词为现在时,态时。在一般现在时中，若主语为第三,人称单数，多数动词都要加,-s,或,-es,，,1,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,如：,He,comes,Mary,cries,。如果主语不,是第三人称单数，就不需加这样的词,尾，如：,I come,They,cry,而且，不管是作主要,动词还是助动词，在第三人称单数的主,语后都得用,is,，,has,，,does,这种形式，,否则用,are,，,am,，,have,或,do,。至于,can,，,may,，,must,这些助动词，在各种,人称后形式不变：,Hecomes,Heis,waiting,，,has,come,，,does,go,，,is,kind,，,has,a,funny,face,，,doesnothing at all,Icome,I,am,waiting,，,have,come,，,do,go,Weare,waiting,，,have,come,，,do,go,I,am,sorry,They,are,kind,，,have,funny faces,，,do nothingat all,任何主语,+mustcome,过去时可和住何主语一起用，只,有,was,和,were,是例外。,was,和第一第三,2,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,人称单数主语一起用，其他主语都和,were,一起用，如：,He,was,ill,I,was,ill,They,were,ill,在将来时中主要是用,shall,或,will,，不需加词尾，如：,They will come,，,shall come,He will come,，,shall come,?,判断主语的人称不难，但判断,它的数有时却并不容易。至少有,39,种,有关数上一致的问题，它们可以分为两,大类。,第一大类是哪个是主语的问题。,在这类中，决定哪个词或词组是主语比,决定某个主语是单数还是复数更困难。,以下面句子为例：,The,students,，,as,well,as,the,teacher,，,arein the class,room,My guide is the stars,第二大类是主语是单数还是复数,的问题。在这类中，决定主语是单数还,是复数比决定哪个是主语更困难：,3,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Billiards ismy favorite game,The phenomena is unbelievable,The headquarters isin London,1,）第一大类：哪个是主语？,谓语动词通常跟在主语后面，但,有时却放在主语前面，特别是在由,who,，,which,，,how,，,when,等疑问词或助,动词引起的问句中：,Who are they,？,Which does she like best,？,Has,your,wife,come,back,from,Paris,？,Are,the,guests,celebrating,her,birthday,？,在某些倒装句中，谓语动词有时,放在主语前面：,If,you,are,not,satisfied,，,nor,is,Peter,Never,in,my,life,have,I,forgot,her,Nobody else can I love,Hardly,has,Liz,woken,up,when,the,sun rises.,4,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,“I,feel,bored,”“So,is,evrybody,”,在下面这类倒装句中情况也如,此。,There come many children,Before the house stands a tree.,Before,the,house,stand,a,tree,and,a,bench,In,the,house,there,is,a,cat,，,a,dog,，,andthree birds,To,Dick,fall,the,duties,of,maintaining the family,After Jan comes Nora,Heres all the coins I have.,Theres,three,friends,waiting,for,me,Wheres,the,kids,that,stole,the,apples,？,在下面这类句子中，补语或分词,提前，主语在,is,，,was,，,are,，,were,之,后：,Gone are all my happy days,！,5,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Waiting,for,the,results,are,thousands,of,people,Gathered,under,the,roof were all the big shots,两个单数名词由,and,连接可构成,复数主语：,John and Maryare coming,My,money,and,my,friend,are,both,gone,Good,coffee,and,bad,are,different,from each other,两个人称代词由,and,连接也构成,复数主语：,He and I are friends,Both you and heare ill,由,every,，,any,等词修饰的几个主,语，尽管由,and,连接，仍然保持是单,数：,Every,boy,and,every,girl,is,playing,Any,relative,，,any,friend,and,any,neighbour is ready to helphim,6,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Each,grown,up,and,each,child,likes it,No,city,，,no,village,，,no,mountain,，,no sea is a place ofsafety,Many,a,man,and,many,a,woman,has seen the accident,两个名词前各加同一限定词，表,示是两个人或两样东西，谓语动词要用,复数：,A,general,and,a,statesmanwere,killed,His,home,and,his,office,are,very,far from my home,A,black,and,a,white,dog,are,playing in the yard,一个不可数名词，如有两个形容,词修饰，而指两样东西，动词用复数；,否则用单数：,English,and,French,grammar,are,different,Sweet and sour pork is delicious,如果主体词重复，表示是两样东,7,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,西，动词要用单数：,The,situation,before,the,war,and,the situation after are differ,ent,What,he,said,and,what,he,thought,were the same,如作主语的两个名词用同一限定,词，指的是一个人或一样东西，动词要,用单数：,A,general,and,statesmanwas,killed,His,home,and,officeis,very,far,from my house.,A black and white dog is playing,What,he,said,and,thought,was,for,others,有时两个名词虽由,and,连接，但,习惯上被看作是一样东西，这时动词也,用单数：,Bread,and,butter,is,enough,for,me,Whisky and soda is his favourite,Duck,and,peas,is,delicious,，,but,8,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,eggs and bacon is better,That cup and saucer is broken,The,wheel,and,axle,is,out,of,repair,A,needle,and,thread,is,all,my,grandmother needs,Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy,两个抽象名词一起用时，有时代,表两个东西，有时代表一个东西，动词,的单复数要根据意思来决定，有时两者,都可以：,The,use,and,object,of,this,aresimple,The,stitching,and,binding,of,books,area hard job,His,courage,and,endurance,areGreat,Sym,pathy,and,understanding,arerequired,Trial,and,erroris,the,best,way,tolearn,All,work,and,no,play,makes,Jack,a,9,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,dull boy,The,ebb,and,flow,of,ones,fortune,is a matter of course,有时一个主语后跟一逗号，以及,“and+,名词,+,副词,”,，后面的动词就常和,第一个名词一致。,“and+,名词,+,副词,”,可,以看作一个省略的分句：,Mary,，,and her parents too,，,isfond,of John,Mary,，,and,perhapsherparents,，,is,fond of John,Mary,，,but,not,her,parents,，,is,fond of John,Marys,parents,，,but,not,Mary,herself,，,are fond of John,单纯数词一般看作单数，如果有,两个数词由,and,或,time,或其它词连接，,动词可以用单数或复数形式：,Thirteen is an unlucky number,Two and two makefour,Eight plus five equals thirteen,Three fives arefifteen,10,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Three times five arefifteen,What aretwice seven,？,40 multiplied by 58 equals 2320,Five from nineisfour,Six,hundred,and,one,minus,forty,equals five hundred and six,ty,one,Three into twelve goes four,Two,hundred,fifty,divided,by,fifty,equals,five,如果数词表示复数的人或,东西，动词也用复数形式：,Fivewere killed,One,and,a,half,为复数，而,half,a,为单数：,One,and,a,half,dollars,were,spent,on,sugar,，,and,half,a,dollarwas,Spent,on,flour,A,fine,and,or,imprisonment,isnot,enough,如果两个主语由,or,或,nor,连接，,动词与最靠近的主语一致：,Either,you,or,I am right,Neither,Alice,nor,her,parents,like,11,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Mike,One or two words are enough,There is one or two examples,Wang,or,rather,his,brothers,decide,the matter,但：,Life,ordeath,are,nothing,to,me.,Whether,John,or,Mary,are,willing,to help me is still a problem,两个主语若由,not,onlybut,also,连接起来，动词和最近的主语一,致：,Not,only,my,house,，,but,many,other houses have been white,washed,Not,only,Marys,parents,，,but,also,Mary herself likes Mike,There,is,not,only,Mary,，,but,also,Marys parents,如果主语后跟有介词短语、连词,短语或是分词短语，动词仍与主语一,致，不受中间插入成分的影响：,12,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Two,girls,，,besidesMary,，,are,studying Malay,All,my,sisters,，,except,Lilian,，,study flower,arranging,The,street,，,with,so,many,people,going up and down,，,is dirty,Lee,，,together,withhis,three,brothers,，,has cometo our party,The,horses,，,along,with,their,owner,，,fall into the river,This,problem,，,in,addition,to,the,other two,，,make me sad,You,，,as,mistaken,well,ashe,，,are,The,students,，,much,more,than,the,teacher,，,wish for a holi,day,The,teacher,，,as,much,as,the,students,，,wishes for a holiday,Wangs,friends,，,no,less,than,Wang himself,，,wish for his suc,cess,One,children,，,is a thingunpleasant,-,精选公文范文,-,apple,，,dividedby,six,13,-,精选公文范文,-,The,manager,，,accompanied,by,his,assistants,，,has gone out,My,schoolmates,，,including,John,，,are kind to me,All,the,members,，,not,excepting,the chairman,，,are arrived,上面那种插在主语和谓语动词之,间的成分，也可移到句首，意思是差不,多的：,Besides,Mary,，,three,students,are,studying Malay,In,addition,to,the,other,two,，,this,problem makes me sad,No,less,than,Wang,himself,，,Wangs friends wish for his suc,cess,Accompanied,by,his,assistants,，,the manager has gone out,主语后面有时跟有,of,或其他介,词时，动词仍和主语一致：,One,of,the,boys is sick,The,meeting,of,so,many,strangers,broadens his view,14,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,A,cleanup,of,such,a,government,is,absolutely necessary,The,loss,of,his,parents,was,too,much for him,A,truckload,of,oranges,costs,about,a thousand dollars,Two,spoons,of,sugar,are,just,enough,Two,bottles,of,whisky,are,nothing,to him,Only five bags of rice are in stock.,Six cases of cholera are reported,Signs,of,revolt,are,increasing,every,day,This kindofcat is rare,These kindsof flowers are rare,Flowers of this kind are rare,One,of,the,students,，,who,speaks,lrish,，,is her son,One,of,the,students,who,speak,lrish,is her son,More,children,than,one,are,15,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,infected,Nobody,but,five,workers,is,promoted,Such,people,as,John,are,wonderful,The,number,of,banks,in,this,city,is,about forty,The,average,of,absentees,is,four,in,each meeting,The,total,of,murders,in,this,year,is,over two hundred,后面跟复数动词的短语有：,a,majority,of,people,，,a,variety,ofreasons,，,a,rain,of,bullets,，,a,storm,of,stones,，,a,flood,of,re-sources,，,a,sea,of,faces,，,a,trickle,of,tourists,，,a,mountain,ofwatermelons,等等。,系动词一般都和前面的主语一,致，而不受后面补语的影响：,My,only,pleasure is the movies.,The movies are my only pleasure,Those stars are my only guide,16,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,My only guide is those stars,His food is fruit and milk,Fruit and milk are his food,Dogs are a pleasant trouble,We are a football team,主语后的同位语和补语一样都不,影响动词的形式：,The,movies,，,my,only,pleasure,，,are also my ruin,Those,stars,，,my,only,guide,，,are,twinkling all the night,His,food,，,fruit,and,milk,is,delicious and nutritious,They,become,masterof,the,situation,Many fall victim,They seem to be our enemy,They are always the victor,The,world,appears,too,many,for,me,The nation is but individuals,Who,is,knocking,？,It,seems,to,be,17,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,John and Mary,She is all eyes,The,room,is,all,books,and,newspapers,The,street,is,all,loiterers,and,beggars,但：,The,following,is,my,address,在某些习惯用法中补语用复数形,式，动词仍与主语一致：,He isgreat friends with John,He is pals with you,He is enemies with everyone,I am quits with him,不定式、动名词或从句作主语,时，尽管里面有复数名词，动词仍用单,数形式：,For them to tell lies is very easy,For,us,businessmen,to,know,many,people,is,necessary,Telling,lies,does,not,pay,Visiting,all,European,countries,is,18,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,my ambition,What we want is good roads,That,they,like,power,and,wealth,is,true,“It,pours,cats,and,dogs”means,it,rains heavily,“Many,happy,returns”is,a,form,of,greeting on somebobys birthday,在,it,引起的强调某句子成分的句,子中，动词用单数更好一些：,It is they whoiswrong,It,is,you,thatoften,makes,such,mistakes,但实际上用复数的人也不少。,2,）第二大类：主语是单数还是,复数？,数词，不管是泛指还是特指，只,要是指人或物，通常都跟有复数动词：,Seven were killed,Two are missing,Few know it,A few have been thrown away,19,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,Several were wounded,Hundreds,homeless,have,become,Both have come,Thousands,upon,thousands,were,starved,Some,were,killed,，,others,were,wounded,A,large,variety,of,umbrellas,are,on,sale,A,few,are,satisfied,，,but,a,great,many are disappointed and very angry,The,majorityof,human,beings,are,selfish,Fifty,dozen,of,stockings,have,just,arrived,Ten pairof gloves are on display,Four yoke of oxen are coming,Twenty,head,of,cattle,are,grazing,A,number,of,articles,are,damaged,20,-,精选公文范文,-,-,精选公文范文,-,One,and,a,half,apples,are,entirely,rotten,No,students,are,interested,in,this,subject,Many,hours,and,days,have,been,spent,More,persons,than,one,are,suspected,各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢,谢,21,-,精选公文范文,-,