中考英语总复习之特殊句型详解与练习.doc
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1、反意疑问句1、什么是反意疑问句英语中,反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”2.反意疑问句的回答,回答时,如果情况属实,用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句;若果情况不属实,则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如You were moved by your students, werent you?情况属实:Yes, I were.情况不属实:No, I werent.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如: You
2、 cant do it, can you? 你不能做它,是吗?They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 他们开会迟到了,是吗?三当陈述句中含有be动词,助动词,或是情态动词时,反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成,Be动词包括:am, is, are, was, were助动词有:do, does, did, have(用在完成时), has(用在完成时)等情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should例如:She is a lovely girl, isnt
3、she? 她是一个可爱的女孩,是吗?He will go home, _wont_ _he_?他要回家了,是吗?She doesnt like to eat popcorn, _does_ _she_?她不喜欢吃爆米花,是吗?The baby wont sleep early, will it?小宝宝睡得不早,是吗?注意:He has supper at home every day, doesntt he? (不能用hasnt he?) 他每天在家吃晚饭,是吗? They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用dont they?) 他们已经知道那事
4、情了,是吗? 四当陈述句中只含有行为动词时,若动词加了s,就用does, 若动词为原形,就用do,动词为过去式,则用did,例如:You cleaned your house last week, _didnt_ _you_?你上周打扫了你的房间,是吗?Your father plays the computer very well, _doesnt_ _he _?你父亲电脑技术很好,是吗?They look so happy today, _dont _ _they_?你今天看起来很高兴,是吗?五反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom,n
5、obody, nothing, barely, scarcely等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。如: She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesnt she?) 她从不说谎,是吗? He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasnt he?) 他几乎不迟到,是吗?六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时,问句部分习惯上用arent I?表示。如: I am a very honest man, arent I? 我是个很诚实的人,是吗?七陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everythin
6、g时,问句部分的主语用it。如: Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? 电脑有问题了,是吗? Nothing has happened to them, has it? 他们什么事也没发生,是吗? 八、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时,问句部分的主语用he或 they,这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如: Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he? 有人已
7、经坐了位置,是吗? Everyone has done their best in the game, havent they? 每个人在比赛中已经尽力了,是吗?九陈述部分为祈使句1)若为lets引导,反问句用shall we? 例如 Lets go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家,好吗?2)若为let us引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句,都用will you, 例如Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息,好吗?Dont make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音,好吗?3)一般的肯定祈使句则用wi
8、ll you 或wont you 都行,例如:Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? 请坐,好吗?You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟,是吗?Please open the window, will you? (wont you?) 打开窗,好吗?十:陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there (here)?形式。 There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 碟子里有两块蛋糕,是吗? Here is a story about Ma
9、rk Twain, isnt here? 这是关于马克吐温的故事,是吗?巩固练习:1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she 2. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there? A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D
10、. doesnt he 4. He seldom came here, _? Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ ? A. does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it 7. One cant be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ ? A. was he B. did one C. did t
11、hey D. didnt he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. amnt I 11. He cant be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. cant 12. They have no time to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they 14. Youd better go at once, _ you? A. hadnt B
12、. did C. didnt D. dont 15. Youd rather work than play, _ you? A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. didnt D. mustnt 16. You dare not do that, _ you? A. dont B. do C. dare D. darent 18. He dislikes the two subjects, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isnt 19. These tools are useless now, _ ? A. are they B. arent they
13、 C. is it D. isnt it 20. He used to get up at 6:30, _ he? A. didnt he B. did he C. used he D. wouldnt he 22. He ought to win the first prize, _ he? A. mustnt B. oughtnt C. shouldnt D. Both B and C. 23. Lets go there by bus, _? A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. will you 24. Let us go to play foo
14、tball, _? A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 25. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. will you B. shall we C. wont you D. do you 26. Lets go shopping this afternoon, _? All right. A. will we B. shall we C. dont we D. are we 27. Pass me the dictionary, _? Yes, with
15、pleasure. A. would you B. will you C. wont you D. wouldnt you 30. There is little water in the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 32. There wont be any concert this Saturday evening, _ ? A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. wont 33. I guess she taught herself Japanese,
16、 _? Yes. A. dont I B. did she C. do I D. didnt she 34. I dont believe you are right, _ ? A. are you B. do you C. wont you D. do 35. She doesnt think that Tom sings best in the class, _ ? A. does she B. doesnt she C. does he D. doesnt he 37. I know you didnt want to hurt me, _ ? A. did you B. didnt y
17、ou C. do I D. dont I 38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _ ? A. werent he B. were he C. wouldnt he D. would he Key: 15 CDBDD 610 BACDC 1115 AABAB 1620 CCBBA 2125CDBAA 2630 BBBAD 3135 BBDAA 3638 AAC感叹句感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导,what和how与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由what引导的感叹
18、句:what意为多么用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如: What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀! What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀! What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀! What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀! What delicious food it is! 多么有味的
19、食物呀! What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀! 二、由how引导的感叹句:how意为多么,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语. 如: How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! How hard they
20、 are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀! 三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用what引导,也可用how引导。如: What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀! What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀! What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀! What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多
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