国立新竹教育大学九十九学年度研究所硕士班招生考试试题.doc

國立新竹教育大學九十九學年度研究所碩士班招生考試試題
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科目：英文（本科總分：100分）
※ 請橫書作答

I. Vocabulary: Choose the best meaning for the all-capitalized word in each sentence. (20%)

1. The angry workers were finally APPEASED when they received news that they would be compensated.
(A. appalled B. satisfied C. exhausted D. apologetic)
2. Besides his cheerful DISPOSITION, he was also a very intelligent and industrious boy.
(A. face B. mood C. nature D. environment)
3. The space shuttle was PROPELLED into outer space with the help of its booster rockets.
(A. hurled B. hoisted C. elevated D. pushed)
4. The first successful submarine was invented in 1620. It had a skin of greased leather stretched over a wooden FRAMEWORK and powered by twelve oarsmen.
(A. core B. base C. structure D. foundation)
5. When the plants are weakened by stress due to heat, drought or poor soil, their chemical levels are lessened and they become VULNERABLE to pests.
(A. susceptible B. irresistible C. exposed D. prone)
6. The pipes had to be painted to keep them from getting OXIDIZED when it rained.
(A. dusty B. musty C. rusty D. gusty)
7. Mark Anthony’s LAUDATION of Caesar at his funeral is memorably recorded in a play by Shakespeare.
(A. eulogy B. epilogue C. colloquy D. invocation)
8. Teachers may SPECULATE that given the opportunity and the proper encouragement and support, the reluctant students might profit from the reading.
(A. believe B. conjecture C. supervise D. advise)
9. A FRUGAL buyer purchases fruit and vegetables in season.
(A. ignorant B. aloof C. surly D. thrifty)
10. Males have been observed in various cultures to be more likely to initiate activity whereas female have been observed to be more ALTRUISTIC than males.
(A. cooperative with others B. helpful to others C. against others D. high in self esteem)

II. Grammar (20%)
1. The plane _____ right on time, so David will be there just on time for the concert.
(A. was departed B. departed C. was being departed D. was departing)
2. How many _____ did you throw out last night?
(A. trashes B. garbages C. bags of garbages D. bags of garbage)
3. When Lisa comes back from Japan next March, I _____ from senior high school.
(A. will graduate B. graduate C. will have graduated D. have graduated)
4. Have those tulips ______?
(A. be watered B. being watered C. been watered D. watered)
5. George: This meal is really delicious. Sophia: ______.
(A. I’m glad you like it. B. How do you like the soup? C. No, not at all. D. I watched my mother as she cooked.)
6. You never used to get up early, ______?
(A. weren’t you B. did you C. didn’t you D. do you)
7. Either you or she ______ to come on time.
(A. have B. will C. having D. has)
8. Rose and Jack are looking forward ______ each other.
(A. to seeing B. to see C. seeing D. see)
9. I don’t know whether ______ coming to the party.
(A. she is B. is she C. she will D. will she)
10. Shannon: How soon will the movie begin? Johan: ______.
(A. Very fast. B. Yes, it will begin soon. C. It won’t begin until 6 o’clock. D. Once a day.)

III. Reading Comprehension (40%)

Part A
Because of the civil rights movement by the 1970’s, education and higher-status occupations had become more accessible to Black Americans. Black women, however, faced continued gender-based inequities and had even lost some small relative advantages. Before 1970, Black women were given greater educational opportunities by their families than were Black men, not only because they could thereby avoid domestic service, but also because educational achievement did not at that time open up economic opportunities for Black men. In the South before 1970, Black men sought economic independence through working their own farms or learning a skilled trade from their fathers. By 1974 the situation had changed. Nationally, Black male graduates outnumbered Black woman graduates, Black men earned more on the average than Black women or White women, and the number of Black men in law, medicine, and college teaching had significantly increased, whereas Black professional women remained concentrated in teaching, nursing, and social work--traditionally woman’s careers.

Questions 1-3
1. According to the author, which of the following was true by the mid-1970’s?
A. Black women with college degrees earned approximately the same amount as White women with college degrees.
B. There were more Black male college graduates than Black female college graduates.
C. Black man with college degrees earned approximately the same amount as White man with college degrees.
D. There was a larger proportion of professional Black women in traditionally woman’s careers than there had been prior to 1970.

2. The author is primarily concerned with
A. explaining changes in the relationships between Black Americans and White Americans that resulted from the civil rights movement.
B. comparing the educational level and economic position of Black men to that of Black women before and after 1970.
C. contrasting the effects of gender-based discrimination with the affects of racial discrimination in the job market prior to the 1970’s.
D. discussing differences in educational and occupational achievements of Black men before and after the civil rights movement.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the lowering of racial barriers since the beginning of the civil rights movement has
A. improved the educational and economic status of Black women relative to that of White women.
B. had no affect on the preparation of Black men for the job market.
C. benefited Black women educationally and economically less than it has benefited Black men.
D. resulted in no increase in the number of Black Americans in the professions.

Part B
In recent decades, historians have vigorously disputed the validity of the belief that, in the United States, nineteenth-century industrialists rose from “rags to riches.” The reality of this still popular ideology has been assessed by analyzing the social origins of business leaders, and these studies have roughly the same conclusion: very few successful industrialists started out as members of the working class. Miller’s careful study of the leaders of America’s largest corporations around 1900, for example, found that almost 95 percent came from families of upper or middle-class status. My own research on Paterson, New Jersey, however, focused on a much broader sample of industries and revealed a rather different pattern: from 1830 to 1880, many successful industrialists in new manufacturing industries began as skilled workers. My hypothesis is that during the nineteenth century, for at least certain types of skilled workers, new kinds of manufacturing industries may have offered unusual opportunities for advancement that were lacking in established businesses.

Questions 4-6
4. The primary function of the passage as a whole is to
A. suggest a significant modification in a prevailing interpretation.
B. reconcile well-established opposing hypotheses.
C. present a recent case study and question its practical value.
D. describe an important problem and suggest a solution.

5. Which of the following statements is best supported by information in this passage?
A. Relatively few workers were able to move up to any degree in the American social hierarchy during the nineteenth century.
B. In 1900 at most 5 percent of the leaders of America’s largest corporations were products of working-class backgrounds.
C. The “rags-to-riches” belief about social mobility in the United States is more applicable to the early twentieth century than to the nineteenth century.
D. The “rags-to-riches” ideology developed out of historians’ investigations into the social origins of nineteenth-century American business executives.

6. The tone of the passage suggests that the author of the passage regards Miller’s research as
A. limited but well done.
B. challenging and controversial.
C. appropriate but unconvincing.
D. well conceived but inaccessible.

Part C
Since the mid-1980’s, biologists have known about seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in humans — a mild form of depression that occurs most commonly in winter. However, controversy has persisted about the cause and treatment of SAD.
The favored theory blames the disorder on changes in the timing of the human biological clock. A powerful device deep in the human brain that regulates biological rhythms such as sleep/wake cycles and changes in body temperature and hormone levels. Supposedly, the shortening of daylight hours in autumn can cause changes in these rhythms. However, evidence of a direct link between light and the timing of the human biological clock was not found until 1991. At that time, subjects exposed to five consecutive hours of bright artificial light each day for three days experienced dramatic shifts in the phases of their biological rhythms. Such evidence is consistent with anecdotal reports from psychiatrists that people with SAD respond favorably to doses of bright artificial light.

Questions 7-10
7. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
A. evaluating the results of an experiment and describing the implications of those results for treating a disorder.
B. questioning the plausibility of a theory about the cause of a disorder and pointing out some fundamental flaws in the theory.
C. describing a theory about the cause of a disorder and providing evidence that strengthens one premise on which the theory is based.
D. highlighting a new approach to treating a disorder and evaluating the effectiveness of that approach.

8. The passage suggests that one reason why the controversy about the cause of SAD persisted is that
A. it was difficult for scientists to distinguish the symptoms of SAD from the symptoms of other, similar disorders.
B. it was difficult for scientists to detect a consistent pattern in the appearance of the symptoms of SAD.
C. anecdotal evidence from psychiatrists appeared to contradict the most viable theory about the cause of SAD.
D. scientists did not have direct evidence proving that light affected biological rhythms.

9. When combined with the evidence from the 1991 experiment, the anecdotal reports mentioned in the passage suggest that which of the following is true?
A. The symptoms of the patients mentioned in the reports were originally induced by exposure to a pattern of light and dark similar to that experienced by the subjects in the 1991 experiment.
B. The patients mentioned in the reports received at least five consecutive hours of light for at least three days before their symptoms were relieved.
C. Psychiatrists were surprised by the improvement displayed by the patients mentioned in the reports.
D. The favorable response to treatment of the patients mentioned in the reports was caused by a shift in the patients' biological rhythms.

10. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the “anecdotal reports from psychiatrists” (lines 10-11)?
A. They point out that there is no empirical evidence to support the use of bright light as a treatment for SAD.
B. They suggest that psychiatrists were the first medical professionals to support the favored theory about the cause of SAD.
C. They provide evidence that is in keeping with the results of the 1991 experiment.
D. They suggest that exposure to bright light is the most widely used treatment to alleviate the symptoms of SAD.

Part D
The Gaels probably reached Ireland during the first century B.C., coming directly from the continent. They found Ireland already occupied by a mixture of peoples, the descendents of earlier invaders from Great Britain and the continent. The Gaels treated the existing population in much the same way as they themselves were treated by later invaders: they killed some, dispossessed others, and compelled the rest to pay tribute. Yet despite their iron weapons they made a very slow conquest. Even when the Gaelic conquest was complete, which cannot have been before the fifth century A.D., the Gaels formed only a dominant minority, holding the best land and trying to concentrate political power in their own hands. Though there was a steady mingling of population, the formal distinction between “free” and “tributary” tribes remained until the twelfth century. But long before this the Gaels had imposed their language and their legal system upon the whole country, and Gaelic historians had reconstructed the past so as to obscure the great variation in the origins of the population.

Questions 11-15
11. According to the passage, one of the Gaels’ methods of uniting all the people of Ireland was to
A. accept the marriage customs of the existing population.
B. require the existing population to speak Gaelic.
C. adopt the laws of the population.
D. encourage the existing population to share the costs of government.

12. According to the passage, there is little accurate knowledge of Ireland before the first century B.C. because the
A. Gaelic historians wrote history to suit themselves.
B. Earlier histories were destroyed during the Gaelic conquest.
C. Language in which the early histories were written cannot be read by modern historians.
D. Gaelic historians began their histories with their conquest of Ireland.

13. In the passage the term “tributary tribe” means one which
A. was not allowed to intermarry with the Gaels.
B. was a small branch of a main tribe of Gaels.
C. arrived in Ireland after the Gaelic conquest.
D. was obliged to make frequent payments to the Gaels.

14. It can be concluded from the passage that, at the time the Gaels invaded Ireland, the existing population had not developed _________.
A. good farming methods
B. an interest in history
C. a legal system
D. iron weapons

15. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Gaels?
A. The Gaels were forced to pay tribute to the later invaders of Ireland.
B. After six hundred years of domination, the Gaels remained a powerful minority politically.
C. The Gaels completed their conquest in a short period of time due to their powerful weapons.
D. There was no tributary tribe in Ireland after the 12th century.

Part E
Asthma—a condition involving breathlessness and wheezing, affects more children than adults in Singapore. Asthma is a result of involuntary constriction of the airways, usually in response to airborne allergens environmental changes. Asthma poses a great problem – affecting school or work performance, and repeated hospitalizations and visits to doctors increase socio-economic costs.