小升初英语总复习-第二章-词类-第四节-代词.pptx

第二章 词 类,第四节 代 词,1/36,知识梳理,一、代词分类,代词是用来代替名词一个词类，大多数代词含有名词或形容词功效。英语中代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词九类。对于前六类代词，小学生应很好地掌握。,2/36,二、人称代词,1.,人称代词组成,3/36,2.,人称代词使用方法,(1)人称代词主格:在句子中作主语，也就是该句所描述状态展现者或动作执行者。在陈说句中，它位于句子最前面。,如：,I am in the classroom.,She plays the violin very well.,They worked in the factory last year.,(2),人称代词,it,：在英语中，,it,有许多不一样使用方法，其中一个使用方法是用作代词，指代前面已经提到过人、事或物。,如：,Wheres your car?,Its in the garage,（车库）,.,Who is that?Its me.,Whats the weather like in winter in Beijing?,Its snowy and cold.,4/36,(3),人称代词宾格：在句子中作宾语，位于动词或介词之后，是动作承受者。,如：,Mr Li teaches us English.,The fish in the fridge is for me.,(4),人称代词并列出现排列次序：当几个人称代词并列出现时候，其排列次序与汉字不一样。,单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其次序为：第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。,如：,You and I can come into the hall now.,My brother and I are going to the cinema this evening.,You and Amy were there at that time.,You,Mike and I rowed a boat on the lake last summer.,The cake is for you and me.,5/36,复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时，其次序为：第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。,如：,We and you are going to plant trees in the nature park.,You and they climbed the highest mountain two years ago.,6/36,三、物主代词,1.,物主代词组成,7/36,2.,物主代词使用方法,(1),形容词性物主代词放在名词之前，用来修饰名词，这一点与形容词有相同之处，都不能单独使用。,如：,This is my room.,His cousin is in America now.,(2),名词性物主代词能够像名词一样单独使用，其作用相当于“形容词性物主代词,+,名词”。,如：,This room is mine.(mine=my room),His hobby is playing computer games.Its the same as hers.(hers=her hobby),8/36,四、反身代词,1.,反身代词组成,【注】反身代词组成说明：第一、二人称单数形式在形容词性物主代词之后加self,复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加selves；第三人称在宾格代词后加self（单数形式）或selves（复数形式）。,9/36,2.,反身代词使用方法,(1),反身代词惯用来加强语气。,如：,The king went to see the girl himself.,I can do it by myself.,(2),反身代词也能够用在动词之后。,如：,David teaches himself Chinese.,She will be herself again in no time.,10/36,五、指示代词,1.,指示代词概念,指示代词表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等含义。指示代词有,this/that/these/those,等。,this,和,that,用于指代名词单数形式；,these,和,those,用于指代名词复数形式。,this,和,these,用于指代空间上较近事物；,that,和,those,用于指代空间上较远事物。,如：,This is my book.That book over there is yours.,These are dogs.Those in the tree are cats.,11/36,2.,指示代词使用方法,(1),指示代词兼具形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词特点，既能够单独使用，也能够在后面加名词。,如：,This is his computer.=This computer is his.,Those peaches are fresh.=Those are fresh peaches.,(2),指示代词在句子中能够都用,the,代替。,如：,I like this new picture.=I like the new picture.,12/36,六、不定代词,1.,不定代词概念,不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词代词，叫作不定代词。不定代词能够分为：,(1),普通不定代词：,some(,一些,),，,any(,任何,),，,no(没有)，every(每个)，each(每个)等。,(2),数量不定代词：,many(,许多,),，,much(,许多,),，,both(二者都)，all(全都)，little(极少)，,a little(,一点儿,),，,few(,极少,),，,a few(,少数几个,),等。,13/36,2.,不定代词使用方法,(1)some,any,和,no,使用方法辨析,some 和,any 都有“一些”意思，some 用于必定句中，any 用于否定句中,no,用于必定句中表示否定意思。,如：,There are some girls in the room.,There arent any pandas in the mountain.,There is no water in the bottle.,【,注,】,在一些表示提议、请求疑问句中，用,some,而不用,any,。,如：,Would you like some coffee?,Can I have some more rice?,14/36,(2)every,和,each,使用方法辨析,every,和,each,都有“每个”意思，谓语动词均用单数形式。,every,强调整体之中每一个；,each,强调个体概念。,如：,Every student in the class gets a new book.,Each kid likes playing computer games.,every,表示“,(,三者以上中,),每一个”；,each,能够表示“,(,二者中,),每一个”。,如：,I read English every day.,There are green trees on each side of the river.,(3)many,和,much,使用方法辨析,many和much都有“大量；许多”意思。many只能修饰可数名词复数形式，much只能修饰不可数名词。,如：,There are many people in the room.,Much of the time was wasted.,15/36,(4)both,和,all,使用方法辨析,both,表示“,(,二者,),都”；,all,表示“,(,三者或三者以上,),都”。,如：,My parents are both teachers.,All the students in Class One like English very much.,(5)few,，,a few,，,little,，,a little,使用方法辨析,a few,和,a little,是一对用作表示数量不定代词固定词组，其意义是必定。,a few,修饰复数可数名词，,a little,修饰不可数名词。,如：,I have a few friends here.,There is still a little water in the bottle.,few,和,little,含有否定意义，意为“几乎没有”。,few,修饰复数可数名词，,little,修饰不可数名词。,如：,He has few friends and lives alone.,There is little water in the bottle.Lets go and,get some.,16/36,(6)other,the other,others the others,another 使用方法辨析,other,表示“另一个”，其后可接名词单数形式，也可接名词复数形式。,如：,Put the candy in your other hand.,Do you have any other questions?,表示“二者中一个”用,one,；表示“另一个”则用,the other,。,如：,I have two sisters.One is Sarah,the other one is Susan.,表示不限定范围内“其它”用,others,。,如：,Some go there by car.Others go on foot.,Some say yes,and others say no.,“很多中一个”用,one,；表示“剩下全部”用,the others,。,如：,Jack is cleverer than the others in his class.,17/36,【注】the others=the other+名词复数形式。,如：,Jack is cleverer than the other students in his class.,another,指“另外一个”，强调在剩下全部里面再拿一个，表示单数概念。,如：,I dont like this hat.Please show me another one.,七、疑问代词,疑问代词引导疑问句为特殊疑问句，疑问代词普通放在疑问句句首。疑问代词有：,who(,谁，主格,),，,whom(,谁，宾格,),，,whose(,谁,),，,what(,什么,),，,which(,哪个,),等。,(,疑问代词部分讲解将在后面疑问句章节中作详细讲解，故在此章节中省略,),18/36,考点精析,考点,1,考查代词词形转换,【,例,1】,按要求写单词。,1.my(,名词性物主代词,),2.their(,宾格形式,),解析：,这类题考查对各类代词词形记忆和转换。,答案：,1.mine,2.them,19/36,举一反三,1.,词形转换。,(1)she(,名词性物主代词,),(2)she(,复数形式,),(3)we(,单数形式,),(4)this(,对应词,),2.,英汉互译。,(1),他书包,(2),我一个朋友,(3)look at him,(4)its name,它名字,hers,they,I,that,his bag,one of my friend/a friend of mine,看着他,20/36,考点,2,考查代词利用,【,例,2】,依据汉字提醒填空。,Help,(,我,)with my English.,解析：,此题考查对人称代词主格与宾格利用。,Help,是动词，在动词之后要用代词宾格。,答案：,me,21/36,【,例,3】,单项填空。,(,)1.This is,crayon,，,is over there.,A.my,；,your,B.mine,；,yours,C.my,；,yours,(,)2.There are 30 students in this class.,student has a computer.,A.Each B.One C.Every,(,)3.Most people think,are the winners.,A.ours B.us C.we,22/36,解析：,第,1,小题考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词利用。第一空后有名词,crayon,应该用形容词性物主代词；第二空之后直接是,be,动词,is,，应该用名词性物主代词。第,2,小题考查学生对不定代词掌握情况。,30 students,是大于,2,，在这个集体中每一个，用代词应该是,every,。第,3,小题还是考查学生对代词利用。在分析此题时候，学生轻易受到,think,是动词影响而选择,us,，实际上，在此题中,most people think,是一个主句，后面句子是从句，所以选择主格代词作主语。,答案：,1.C,2.C,3.C,23/36,举一反三,1.,单项填空。,()(1)Lets go and help,.,A.she,B.her,C.hers,()(2)This is Mr Green.We are,students.,A.hes B.his C.he,()(3)I dont have,questions.,A.no B.some C.any,()(4),bike is it,？,Its his bike.,A.What B.Which C.Whose,B,B,C,C,24/36,2.,选择括号内适当代词填空。,(1)He is,(I/my/me)father.,(2)Pass,(me/I/my)a pen.,(3)Can I use,(you/your/yours)eraser?,(4)Please help,(them/their/they)clean the classroom.,(5)Are,(this/these)your pens?,(6)Be quiet.Please dont wake,(he/him/his)up.,(7)This pencil is,(me/my/mine).,(8)That yellow shirt is,(she/her/hers).,(9)Can you tell,(me/my/I)the way to the park?,(10)Sarah does,(she/her/hers)homework every day.,my,me,her,me,your,them,these,him,mine,hers,25/36,考点,3,考查代词综合利用,【,例,4】,按要求改写句子。,Those are their watches.(,改成单数形式,),解析：,此题考查代词在语境中综合利用。句子由单数形式改成复数形式时候，要求将句子中全部能够改为复数成份都改成复数形式，反之亦然。,答案：,That is her/his watch.,26/36,举一反三,1.,在下面这段话中横线上填写适当代词，补全短文。,is a photo of my family.,father is the man on the right.The woman with glasses is,_,mother.,is an English teacher.The girl in red skirt is my sister.,name is Linda.Whos the girl between my mother and Linda,？,Its,，,Lily.,2.,将下面句子改为否定句和普通疑问句。,There is some water in the glass.,(1),否定句：,(2),普通疑问句：,This,My,my,She,Her,me,There isnt any water in the glass.,Is there any water in the glass,？,27/36,过关检测,一、选择括号内正确代词填空。,1.,(they/he)are my friends.,2.Look at the tall building.,(he/it)is a bank.,3.This gift is for,(you/your).,4.He is,(they/their)Chinese teacher.,5.,(he/his)is a policeman.,(she/his)brother is a farmer.,6.,(me/my)pen is red,but,(she/hers)is blue.,7.I want to invite,(them/they)to my birthday party.,They,them,My,hers,His,He,their,you,It,28/36,8.Whose pencil is that?Its,(mine/my).,9.Can you help,(my/me)?,10.Would you like to go with,(us/our)?,二、按要求写单词。,1.I(,宾格,)_,2.they(,宾格,)_,3.we(,名词性物主代词,)_,4.she(,形容词性物主代词,)_,5.him(,主格,)_,6.you(,主格,)_,7.it(,反身代词,)_,8.us(,反身代词,)_,9.that(,复数形式,)_,10.those(,反义词,)_,mine,me,us,me,them,ours,her,he,you,itself,ourselves,those,these,29/36,三、依据句意用适当代词填空。,1.This is my brother._ are twins.,2.Miss Green is our teacher,we all like_ very much.,3.Sarah has four pens,but she doesnt use_.,4.This is not her book._ is in my schoolbag.,5.What time does _ sister have breakfast?,My sister has breakfast at 7:00.,6.Where are my shoes?I cant find _.,7._ are you doing?,Im doing _,homework.,8._ T,shirt is that?Its mine.,9.I have a dog._ name is Gogo.,10.She is a friend of _.We got to know each other two years ago.,mine,Its,Whose,my,What,them,your,Hers,them,her,We,30/36,四、单项填空。,()1.She is a student,and,name is Julia.,A.his B.her C.hers,()2.Could you help,with,English,please?,A.I;my B.me;me C.me;my,()3.A friend of,came here yesterday.,A.my B.his C.him,()4.,pencil box is beautiful.But,is more beautiful than,.,A.Toms;my;he B.Toms;mine;his,C.Toms;mine;him,()5.Most of_ like Chinese food.,A.they B.their C.Them,B,C,B,B,C,31/36,()6.Dont you let,help you?,A.I and my friend B.my friend and I,C.my friend and me,()7.I dont want this shirt.Please show me,.,A.others B.the others C.another,()8.I have two sisters.,of them are doctors.,A.Both B.All C.Either,()9.There are,tomatoes in the basket.,A.a few B.a little C.little,()10.,is Betty?,Toms sister.,A.What B.Where C.Who,C,C,C,A,A,32/36,()11._ have been chosen.,A.I,you and he B.He,you and I C.You,he and I,()12.Thats not _.It is _.I made it _.,A.yours;mine;myself B.your;mine;mysel,C.yours;her;myself,(,)13.I cant repair the model ship _.Can you help _?,A.me;myself B.myself;myself C.myself;me,()14.We study Chinese,English,maths and some _ subjects.,A.the other B.other C.another,(,)15.Betty and John have come back,but _ students in the class arent here yet.,A.the other B.others C.the others,B,C,C,A,A,33/36,五、按要求改写以下句子。,1.This is their classroom.(,改为同义句,),_,2.This is my book,and that is his book.(,改为复数形式,),_,3.,我们老师喜欢我们，我们也喜欢他。,(,汉译英,),_,4.,这是谁书？（汉译英）,_,5.This red bottle is,Mikes,.(,就画线部分提问,),_,This classroom is theirs.,These are our books,and those are their books.,Our teacher loves us,and we love him,too.,Whose book is this?,Whose is this red bottle?/Whose red bottle is this?,34/36,六、完形填空。,Look at the girl!She is,_,good friend.She is,_,English girl.,_,name is Susan.,_,twelve.My,_,is Julia.,_,a Chinese girl.I am eleven.,Susan has a happy family.,_,father is a driver and her mother is a doctor.I have a happy family,too.There are three people in,_,family.They are my father,my mother and,_,.I love my parents and,_,love me,too.,()1.A.I B.my C.mine,()2.A.a B.an C.the,()3.A.She B.Shes C.Her,()4.A.She B.Shes C.Her,()5.A.name B.book C.friend,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,B,B,B,C,A,35/36,()6.A.I B.Im C.She,()7.A.Shes B.Hers C.Her,()8.A.my B.mine C.me,()9.A.we B.me C.I,()10.A.them B.their C.they,B,B,C,C,A,36/36,