全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译.pdf

u nit 1 Mr.Dohert y Bu ilds His Dream LifeIn America many people have a romant ic idea of life in t he cou nt ryside.Many living in t owns dream of st art ing u p t heir own farm,of living off t he land.Few get rou nd t o pu t t ing t heir dreams int o pract ice.This is perhaps ju st as well,as t he life of a farmer is far from easy,as Jim Dohert y discovered when he set ou t t o combine being a writ er wit h ru nning a farm.Nevert heless,as he explains,he has no regret s and remains ent hu siast ic abou t his decision t o change his way of life.在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农 场，梦想着靠十地为生。很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正 如吉姆多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松 自在。但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己作出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。Mr.Doherty Builds His Dream LifeJim Dohert y1 There are t wo t hings I have always want ed t o do writ e and live on a farm.Today Im doing bot h.I am not in E.B.Whit es class as a writ er or in my neighbors leagu e as a farmer,bu t Im get t ing by.And aft er years of fru st rat ion wit h cit y and su bu rban living,my wife Sandy and I have finally fou nd cont ent ment here in t he cou nt ry.多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活吉姆多尔蒂有两件事是我一宜想做的一一写作与务农。如今我同时做着这两件事。作为作家，我 和EB 怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村J觅到心灵的满 足。2 It s a self-reliant sort of life.We grow nearly all of ou r fru it s and veget ables.Ou r hens keep u s in eggs,wit h several dozen left over t o sell each week.Ou r bees provide u s wit h honey,and we cu t enou gh wood t o ju st abou t make it t hrou gh t he heat ing season.这是一种自力更生的生活。我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。自家饲养的鸡提供鸡 蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还星己动手砍柴,足可供 过冬取暖之用。3 It s a sat isfying life t oo.In t he su mmer we canoe on t he river,go picnicking in t he woods and t ake long bicycle rides.In t he wint er we ski and skat e.We get excit ed abou t su nset s.We love t he smell of t he eart h warming and t he sou nd of cat t le lowing.We wat ch for hawks in t he sky and deer in t he cornfields.这也是一种令人满足的生活夏U里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长 时间漫游。冬U里我们滑雪溜冰。我们为落LI的余辉而激动。我们爱闻大地IE暖的气息，爱 听牛群牌叫。我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。4 Bu t t he good life can get pret t y t ou gh.Three mont hs ago when it was 30 below,we spent t wo miserable days hau ling firewood u p t he river on a sled.Three mont hs from now,it will be 95 above and we will be cu lt ivat ing corn,weeding st rawberries and killing chickens.Recent ly,Sandy and I had t o ret ile t he back roof.Soon Jim,16 and Emily,13,t he you ngest of ou r fou r children,will help me make some long-overdu e improvement s on t he ou t door t oilet t hat su pplement s ou r indoor plu mbing when we are working ou t side.Lat er t his mont h,well spray t he orchard,paint t he barn,plant t he garden and clean t he hen hou se before t he new chicks arrive.但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很 久没修的室外厕所修住一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷 洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。5 In bet ween su ch chores,I manage t o spend 50 t o 60 hou rs a week at t he t ypewrit er or doing report ing for t he freelance art icles I sell t o magazines and newspapers.Sandy,meanwhile,pu rsu es her own demanding schedu le.Besides t he u su al hou sehold rou t ine,she oversees t he garden and beehives,bakes bread,cans and freezes,drives t he kids t o t heir mu sic lessons,pract ices wit h t hem,t akes organ lessons on her own,does research and t yping for me,writ es an art icle herself now and t hen,t ends t he flower beds,st acks a lit t le wood and delivers t he eggs.There is,as t he old saying goes,no rest for t he wicked on a place like t his-and not mu ch for t he virt u ou s eit her.在 这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六卜个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投 给报刊的文章进行采访。桑迪则有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了U常的家务，她还照管菜园 和蜂房,烘烤面包，将食品装罐、冷藏，开车送孩子学音乐,和他们一起练习,自己还要上 风琴课，为我做些研究工作并打字，自口行时也写写文章，还要侍弄花圃，堆摞木柴、运送 鸡蛋。正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人不得闲一一贤德之人也歇不了。6 None of u s will ever forget ou r first wint er.We were bu ried u nder five feet of snow from December t hrou gh March.While one st orm aft er anot her blast ed hu ge drift s u p against t he hou se and barn,we kept warm inside bu rning ou r own wood,eat ing ou r own apples and loving every minu t e of it.我们谁也不会忘记第一年的冬天。从12月一直到3月底，我们都被深达5英尺的积 雪困着。暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，积雪厚厚地覆盖着屋子和谷仓，而室内，我们用自己 砍伐的木柴烧火取暖，吃着自家种植的苹果，温馨快乐每一分钟。7 When spring came,it brou ght t wo floods.First t he river overflowed,covering mu ch of ou r land for weeks.Then t he growing season began,swamping u s u nder wave aft er wave of produ ce.Ou r freezer filled u p wit h cherries,raspberries,st rawberries,asparagu s,peas,beans and corn.Then ou r canned-goods shelves and cu pboards began t o grow wit h preserves,t omat o ju ice,grape ju ice,plu ms,jams and jellies.Event u ally,t he basement floor disappeared u nder piles of pot at oes,squ ash and pu mpkins,and t he bam began t o fill wit h apples and pears.It was amazing.开春后,有过两次泛滥。一次是河水外溢,我们不少田地被淹了几个星期。接着次 是生长季节到了，一波又一波的农产品潮涌而来，弄得我们应接不暇。我们的冰箱里塞满了 樱桃、蓝莓、草莓、芦笋、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接着我们存放食品罐的架子上、柜橱里也开 始堆满一罐罐的腌渍食品，有番茄汁、偷菊汁、李子、果酱和果冻。最后，地窖里遍地是大 堆大堆的土豆、西葫芦、南瓜，谷仓里也储满了苹果和梨。真是太美妙了。8 The next year we grew even more food and managed t o get t hrou gh t he wint er on firewood t hat was most ly from ou r own t rees and only 10()gallons of heat ing oil.At t hat point I began t hinking seriou sly abou t qu it t ing my job and st art ing t o freelance.The t iming was t errible.By t hen,Shawn and Amy,ou r oldest girls were at t ending expensive Ivy Leagu e schools and we had only a few t hou sand dollars in t he bank.Yet we kept coming back t o t he same qu est ion:Will t here ever be a bet t er t ime?The answer,decidedly,was no,and so wit h my employers blessings and half a years pay in accu mu lat ed benefit s in my pocket-off I went.第二年我们种了更多的作物，差不多就靠着从自家树林砍斫的木柴以及仅仅100加仑 的燃油过了冬。其时，我开始认真考虑起辞了职去从事自由撰稿的事来。时机选得实在太差。当时，两个大的女儿肖恩和埃米正在费用很高的常春藤学校上学，而我们只有几下美金的银 行存款。但我们一再问到一个老问题上来：式的会力.更好的时机吗？答案无疑是否定的。于 是,带着老板的祝福，口袋里揣着作为累积津贴的半年薪水，我走了。9 There have been a few anxiou s moment s since t hen,bu t on balance t hings have gone mu ch bet t er t han we had any right t o expect.For variou s st ories of mine,Ive crawled int o black-bear dens for Sport s Illu st rat ed,hit ched u p dogsled racing t eams for Smit hsonian magazine,checked ou t t he Lake Champlain monst er for Science Digest,and canoed t hrou gh t he Bou ndary Wat ers wilderness area of Minnesot a for Dest inat ions.那以后有过一些焦虑的时刻，但总的来说，情况比我们料想的要好得多。为了写那些 内容各不相同的文章，我为体育画报爬进过黑熊窝；为史密森期刊替参赛的一组组 狗套上过雪橇；为科学文摘调查过尚普兰湖水怪的真相；为终点杂志在明尼苏达划 着小舟穿越美、加边界水域内的公共荒野保护区。10 Im not making anywhere near as mu ch money as I did when I was employed fu ll t ime,bu t now we dont need as mu ch eit her.I generat e enou gh income t o handle ou r$600-a-mont h mort gage payment s plu s t he u su al expenses for a family like ou rs.That inclu des everyt hing from mu sic lessons and dent al bills t o car repairs and college cost s.When it comes t o insu rance,we have a poor mans major-medical policy.We have t o pay t he first$500 of any medical fees for each member of t he family.It picks u p 80%of t he cost s beyond t hat.Alt hou gh we are st u ck wit h paying minor expenses,ou r premiu m is low only$560 a year and we are covered against cat ast rophe.Aside from t hat and t he policy on ou r t wo cars at$400 a year,we have no ot her insu rance.Bu t we are set t ing aside$2,000 a year in an IRA.我挣的钱远比不上担任全职工作时的收入，可如今我们需要的钱也没有过去多。我挣 的钱足以应付每月600美金的房屋贷款按揭以及一家人的U常开销。那些开销包括了所有支 出，如音乐课学费、牙医账单、汽车维修以及大学费用等等。至于保险，我们买了一份低收 入者的主要医疗项目保险。我们需要为每一位家庭成员的任何一项医疗费用支付最初的50()美金。医疗保险则支付超出部分的80%。虽然我们仍要支付小部分医疗费用，但我们的保 险费也低-每年只要56()美金-而我们给自己生大病保了险。除了这一保险项目，以及两辆 汽车每年400美金的保险，我们就没有其他保险了。不过我们每年留出2000美元入个人退 休金账户。H Weve been able t o make u p t he difference in income by cu t t ing back wit hou t appreciably lowering ou r st andard of living.We cont inu e t o dine ou t once or t wice a mont h,bu t now we pat ronize local rest au rant s inst ead of more expensive places in t he cit y.We st ill at t end t he opera and ballet in Milwau kee bu t only a few t imes a year.We eat less meat,drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.Ext ravagant Christ mases are a memory,and we combine vacat ions wit h st ory assignment s.我们通过节约开支而又不明显降低生活水准的方式来弥补收入差额。我们每个月仍出 去吃一两次饭，不过现在我们光顾的是当地餐馆，而不是城里的高级饭店。我们仍去密尔沃 基听歌剧看芭蕾演出，不过一年才几次。我们肉吃得少了，酒喝得便宜了，电影看得少了。铺张的圣诞节成为一种回忆，我们把完成稿约作为度假的一部分12 I su spect not everyone who loves t he cou nt ry wou ld be happy living t he way we do.It t akes a cou ple of special qu alit ies.One is a t olerance for solit u de.Becau se we are so bu sy and on su ch a t ight bu dget,we dont ent ert ain mu ch.Du ring t he growing season t here is no t ime for socializing anyway.Jim and Emily are involved in school act ivit ies,bu t t hey t oo spend most of t heir t ime at home.我想，不是所有热爱乡村的人都会乐意过我们这种生活的。这种生活需要一些特殊的 素质。其一是耐得住寂寞。由于我们如此忙碌，手头又紧，我们很少请客。在作物生长季节，根本就没工夫参加社交活动。吉米和埃米莉虽然参加学校的各种活动，但他俩大多数时间也 呆在家里。13 The ot her requ irement is energy a lot of it.The way t o make self-su fficiency work on a small scale is t o resist t he t empt at ion t o bu y a t ract or and ot her expensive laborsaving devices.Inst ead,you do t he work you rself.The only machinery we own(not cou nt ing t he lawn mower)is a lit t le t hree-horsepower rot ary cu lt ivat or and a 16-inch chain saw.另一项要求是体力一一相当大的体力。小范围里实现自给自足的途径是抵制诱惑，不 去购置拖拉机和其他昂贵的节省劳力的机械。相反，你要自己动手。我们仅有的机器(不包 括割草机)是一台3马力的小型旋转式耕耘机以及一架16英寸的链锯。14 How mu ch longer well have enou gh energy t o st ay on here is anybodys gu ess perhaps for qu it e a while,perhaps not.When t he t ime comes,well leave wit h a feeling of sorrow bu t also wit h a sense of pride at what weve been able t o accomplish.We shou ld make a fair profit on t he sale of t he place,t oo.Weve invest ed abou t$35,000 of ou r own money in it,and we cou ld ju st abou t dou ble t hat if we sold t oday.Bu t t his is not a good t ime t o sell.Once economic condit ions improve,however,demand for farms like ou rs shou ld be st rong again.没人知道我们还能有精力在这里再呆多久-也许呆很长一阵子，也许不是。到走的时 候，我们会怆然离去，但也会为自己所做的一切深感自豪。我们把农场出售也会赚相当大一 笔钱。我们自己在农场投入了约35,000美金的资金，要是现在售出的话价格差不多可以翻 一倍。不过现在不是出售的好时机。但是一旦经济形势好转，对我们这种农场的需求又会增 多915 We didnt move here primarily t o earn money t hou gh.We caine becau se we want ed t o improve t he qu alit y of ou r lives.When I wat ch Emily collect ing eggs in t he evening,fishing wit h Jim on t he river or enjoying an old-fashioned picnic in t he orchard wit h t he ent ire family,I know weve fou nd ju st what we were looking for.但我们主要不是为了赚钱而移居至此的。我们来此居住是因为想提高生活质量。当我 看着埃米莉傍晚去收鸡蛋，跟吉米一起在河上钓鱼，或和全家人一起在果园里享用老式的野 餐，我知道，我们找到了自己一直在寻求的生活方式。Donna Barron describes how American family life has changed in recent years.She ident ifies t hree forces at work.What are t hey?Read on t o find ou t.Then ask you rself whet her similar forces are at work wit hin China.Will family life here end u p going in t he same direct ion?唐娜巴伦描述了美国家庭生活近几年来的变化。她指出有三种力量在起作用。是哪 三种力量？请读本文。读后问一下自己，同样的力量在中国是否也在起作用。中国的家庭生 活最终是否会朝着同一个方向变化？American Family Life:The Changing PictureDonna Barron1 It,s anot her evening in an American hou sehold.美国家庭生活：变化中的景象唐娜巴伦这是美国家庭一个寻常的傍晚。2 The door swings open at 5:30 sharp.Hi,honey!Im home!In walks dear old Dad,hu ngry and t ired aft er a long day at t he office.He is greet ed by Mom in her apron,t hree happy children,and t he aroma of a deliciou s pot roast.门在5:30准时推开。“嗨，亲爱的！我回来了！”亲爱的老爸走了进来，他在办公 室上了一天的班，肚子饿了，人也累了。迎接他的是系着围裙的妈妈，3个快乐的孩子以及 炖肉诱人的香味。3 Aft er a leisu rely meal t oget her.Mom does t he dishes.That,aft er all,is part of her job.The whole family t hen moves t o t he living room.There everyone spends t he evening playing Scrabble or wat ching TV,全家人从容地吃完饭后，妈妈就刷洗碗碟。反正这是她的活。接着全家人聚在起居室。一个晚上大家玩玩牌，看看电视。4 Then everyone is off t o bed.And t lie next morning Dad and t he kids wake u p t o t he sou nds and smells of Mom preparing pancakes and sau sages for breakfast.随后各自上床睡觉。第二天早上，爸爸和孩子们在妈妈准备早餐发出的声响和薄饼、香肠散发的香味中醒来。5(1)What?You say t hat doesnt sou nd like life in you r hou se?Well,you re not alone.In fact,you re probably in t he majorit y,什么？你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅 仅是你一个人这么想。事实上，大多数人很可能都跟你一样这么想的。6 At one t ime in America,t he above hou sehold might have been t ypical.You can st ill visit su ch a home-on t elevision.Ju st wat ch renins of old sit u at ion comedies.(2)Leave it t o Beaver,for example,shows Mom doing hou sework in pearls and high heels.Dad keeps his su it and t ie on all weekend.Bu t t he families t hat operat e like Beaver Cleavers are fewer and fewer.Theyre disappearing becau se t hree part s of ou r lives have changed:t he way we work,t he way we eat,and t he way we ent ert ain ou rselves.Becoming aware of t he effect s of t hose changes may help u s improve family life.上面描述的家庭可以说在美国曾一度相当典型。如今你仍能见到这样的家庭一一不过 得在电视里。只要看一看那些重播的情景剧老片子。例如，交给比弗吧一剧中妈妈带着 珍珠项链、穿着高跟鞋做家务,爸爸整个周末都穿着西装，戴着领带。但像比弗克立弗那 样的家庭越来越少了.那样的家庭正在消失，因为我们生活中的三个部分发生了变化：我们 的工作方式，餐饮方式以及娱乐方式。了解这些变化所带来的影响也许有助于我们改善家庭 生活。7 Let s look first at t he changes in t he way we work.Today t he words Hi,honey!Pm home!might not be spoken by dear old Dad.Dear old Mom is ju st as likely t o be saying t hem.A generat ion ago,most hou seholds cou ld get along on one paycheck Dads.Mom st ayed home,at least u nt il t he children st art ed school.Bu t t oday,over half t he mot hers wit h you ng children go t o work.An even great er percent age of mot hers of older children are in t he workforce.And t he nu mber of single-parent homes has mu shroomed in t he last t hirt y years.我们先来看一下我们工作方式的变化。今天，“嗨，亲爱的，我回家了！”这句话可能 不是出自亲爱的老爸之口。亲爱的老妈也同样可能说这句话。在上一代，大多数家庭可以靠 一份工资一一爸爸的工资一一维持。妈妈呆在家里，至少在孩子上学前是如此。但今天，一 半以上有幼儿的母亲外出工作。在职人员中有大孩子的母亲的比例更高。而单亲家庭的数量 在过去30年中急剧增长。8 These changes in work have affect ed children as well as parent s.When only Dad went ou t t o work,children came home from school t o Mom.(In TV sit u at ion comedies,t hey came home t o Mom and home-baked cookies)Today,well find t hem at an aft er-school program or a neighbors hou se.Or t hey may come home t o no one at all.In every commu nit y,children are caring for t hemselves u nt il t heir parent s ret u rn from work.Are t hese children missing ou t on an import ant part of childhood?Or are t hey developing a healt hy sense of self-reliance?These are qu est ions t hat Mrs.Cleaver never had t o deal wit h,工作方面的这些变化影响着家长以及孩子。当父亲一人外出上班时，孩子们放学回家 有妈妈在。(在情景电视剧里，他们回家有妈妈在，还有家里做的饼干)如今，我们会在晚 托班或邻居家里见到他们。要不他们就回到空无一人的家。在各社区，孩子们都自己照管自 己，直到父母下班回家。这些孩子会不会失去童年时期本应有的一些重要的东西？还是会因 此培养起一种健康的自立意识？这些问题是克立弗太太过去从来不用操心的。9 In addit ion,Dad and now Mom are oft en gone from home longer t han ever.Not t oo long ago,most men worked close t o home.The office or fact ory was ju st downt own.Dad oft en walked t o work or hit ched a ride wit h a friendly neighbor,Bu t no more.此外，爸爸，如今还有妈妈，在外的时间常常比以往任何时候都长。不多久前，大多 数男人还就近工作。办公室或者工厂就在市区。爸爸经常走着去上班，或者顺路搭友好邻居 的车。但现在不一样了。10 Todays working men and women are commu t ers.They t ravel dist ances t o work t hat wou ld have made t heir parent s gasp.Commu t es of fort y-five minu t es or an hou r are common.Workers t ravel on bu ses,su bways,and crowded highways.Many leave t heir su bu rban homes at dawn and dont ret u rn u nt il dark.No ru nning home for lu nch for t odays commu t er.今天的上班男女都是坐车来回的。他们