英语英语语法填空专项习题及答案解析.doc

【英语】英语语法填空专题习题及答案解析

一、高中英语语法填空
1．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
    Phone-surfing Results in More Purchases
    Leaving your mobile phone at home when you go shopping could prevent mindless overspending, a new study suggests. Research from the University of Bath discovered that when people are distracted by their mobiles during a trip to the supermarket their shopping bills ________ rise by an average of 41 per cent. Attention-weakening devices also encourage shoppers to wander along more shelves, ________they come across more products.
    In one study, 294 people aged between 18 and 73 at four Swedish supermarkets wore eye-tracking glasses throughout a shopping trip to measure where they went and ________they looked at. Their receipts were then used ________(assess) their spending. Those using a mobile phone spent on average £33.73 compared to an average of £23.91 for those who did not.
    A second study of 117 shoppers found those with mobile phones spent longer in the store, ________(give) more attention to shelves. They also spent an average of £36. This study found shoppers using a mobile phone spent on average £36.16 on 20.85 items, compared to £25.59 on 13.22 products.
    Dr Carl-Philip Ahlbom, of the University of Bath's School of Management said: "Business owners have tended to worry that mobiles distract shoppers from spending money, ________we were amazed to find completely the reverse effect." The findings were very clear - the more time you spend on your phone, the more money you'll part ________.
    "So if you're trying to budget, ________(leave) your phone in your pocket. It's not the phone ________that causes more purchases, but its impact on our focus." Researchers believe people spend more because using a phone distracts people from their ________(plan) lists.
【答案】 can/may/might；where；what；to assess；having given/giving；but；with；leave；itself；planned
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，研究发现手机上网会导致更多购置行为。
（1）考察情态动词。句意：巴斯大学研究发现，当人们在超市购物时被手机分心时，他们购物账单平均会（也许）上涨41%。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表达“会、也许”，故填 can/may/might。
（2）考察定语从句。句意：减弱注意力设备也鼓励购物者在更多货架之间走来走去，在那里他们会遇到更多产品。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词shelves并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（3）考察宾语从句。句意：在一项研究中，瑞典四家超市294名年龄在18岁至73岁之间人在整个购物过程中都戴着眼睛跟踪眼镜，以测量他们去了哪里，看了什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中looked at缺乏宾语，故填what。
（4）考察非谓语动词。句意：然后他们收据被用来评估他们支出。sth.be used to do表达“某物被用来做……”，故填to assess。
（5）考察非谓语动词。句意：第二项针对117名购物者研究发现，那些拥有手机人在商店里呆时间更长，对货架关注度更高。“关注货架”这一动作既可理解为与“呆在商店里”同步发生，也可理解为先于“呆在商店里”，因此既可用目前分词一般式也可用目前分词完毕式作状语，故填having given/giving。
（6）考察连词。句意：企业主往往紧张手机会分散购物者花钱注意力，但我们惊奇地发现完全相反效果。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。
（7）考察介词。句意：你在手机上花时间越多，你花钱就越多。part with固定短语“舍得、交出”，故填with。
（8）考察祈使句。句意：因此假如你想谨慎花钱话，把手机放在口袋里。此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填leave。
（9）考察代词。句意：不是手机自身导致了更多购置行为，而是它对我们注意力影响。根据“the phone”可知此处指“它自身”，故填itself。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意：研究人员认为，人们之因此花钱更多，是由于使用手机会分散人们对计划清单注意力。lists与plan之间是逻辑上动宾关系，表达被动，用过去分词作定语，故填planned。
【点评】本题考点波及情态动词，定语从句，宾语从句，非谓语动词，连词，介词，祈使句以及代词等多种知识点考察，是一篇生活类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式(不超过3个单词)。
    A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments(茶点). Its function varies widely________(depend)on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place ________people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It ________(consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people's leisure lives.
    Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea ________(stand) in the Western JIN Dynasty, took shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed ________(gradual) in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became booming in modern times.
    In the Song Dynasty, teahouses spread all over the cities and villages, at a rate comparable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses ________paintings of celebrities or rare and precious plants ________(attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining much ________ (wide) popularity and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化植入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look.
    Since reform and opening-up, with the rapid development of the economy and evident improvement of people's living standards, teahouses________(flower) in China.
【答案】 depending；where；is considered；stands；gradually；with；to attract；wider；a；have flowered /have been flowering
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了茶楼在中国发展历史，它特点，外来文化对它影响和现实状况。
（1）考察非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处应填非谓语动词作状语， Its function是depend逻辑主语，它们之间是积极关系，故用目前分词，填depending。
（2）考察定语从句。分析句子可知此处是定语从句关系词，指物先行词place在从句___2___people gather to enjoy tea中充当地点状语，故填关系副词where，因此填where。
（3）考察时态语态。分析句子可知此处是谓语动词，根据前文is判断为一般目前时，主语it和consider”考虑“之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态be done, 主语是第三人称单数，填is considered。
（4）考察名词。stand作为“摊点”讲是可数名词，根据they判断此处应用复数形式，故填stands。
（5）考察副词。此处应用副词修饰动词developed，故填gradually。
（6）考察介词。分析句子可知，此处应填介词，再结合句意“用名人画或珍贵植物来装饰他们茶楼”，“用”是with，故填with。
（7）考察非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处应填非谓语动词，再结合句意“用名人画或珍贵植物装饰他们茶楼来吸引顾客”，此处表目，故用不定式，故填to attract。
（8）考察形容词。此处应填形容词修饰名词popularity（普及，流行），再根据much判断用比较级，故填wider。
（9）考察冠词。look作为名词时可数，再结合句意“展现出一种新面貌”,故应用不定冠词，又new是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（10）考察时态。分析句子可知此处是主句谓语动词，根据上文since判断此处用目前完毕时或目前完毕进行时，主语teahouses是复数，故填have flowered/have been flowering。
【点评】本题考点波及非谓语动词，定语从句，时态语态，名词，副词，介词，形容词，冠词等多种知识点考察，是一篇文化类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

3．语法填空
    Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 in the China mainland ________ (reach) 8.5 million in 2025, a number ________ surpasses (超过) the population of Spain, a study said.
    According to the study, among the obese Chinese youth, millions of them ________ (report) to suffer from all kinds of diseases. It also stated that in all there would be 268 million overweight schoolaged children worldwide by 2025, ________(include) 91 million obese children, if no effective ________ (measure) could be taken to stop the existing trends. Inactivity and the consumption of junk food and soda drink contributed ________ the growing number of overweight ________ (young) in the world. ________ (respond) to the increase of obese children in China, the State Council released a guideline this year. The guideline aimed to prevent more children from becoming obese and it urged that the local government in China ________ (strength) the training of medical staff around children's health and promote knowledge of ________ (balance) eating and drinking habits among their parents.
【答案】 will reach；that/which；were reported；including；measures；to；youth；To respond；(should) strengthen；balanced
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，在中国，超重小朋友越来越多。不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料带来了世界上超重青少年增长。为了应对中国肥胖小朋友增长，国务院今年公布了指导方针。
（1）考察时态。根据时间状语in 2025，可判断出是发生在未来事情，用一般未来时，因此填will reach。
（2）考察定语从句。  2   surpasses (超过) the population of Spain是一种定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，因此填that/which。
（3）考察时态语态。"他们"和"报道"之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表达发生在过去事情，用一般过去时，因此填were reported。
（4）考察介词。文中表达"包括9100万肥胖小朋友"，用介词，因此填including。
（5）考察名词。作句子主语，用名词，文中表达"有效措施"是复数意义，因此填measures。
（6）考察介词。句意：不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料带来了世界上超重青少年增长。contribute to固定短语，”增进，有助于“，因此填to。
（7）考察名词。句意：不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料带来了世界上超重青少年增长。文中表达"超重青少年"，该空需要用名词，因此填youth。
（8）考察非谓语动词。句意：为了应对中国肥胖小朋友增长，国务院今年公布了指导方针。作目状语，用不定式构造，因此填To respond。
（9）考察虚拟语气。that the local government in China   9   (strength) the training of medical staff around children's health and promote knowledge of   10   (balance) eating and drinking habits among their parents.是一种宾语从句，动词urge后宾语从句，从句中用"should + 动词原形"，should可以被省略虚拟语气，因此填(should) strengthen。
（10）考察形容词。该空修饰名词eating，用形容词，因此填balanced。
【点评】本题考点波及时态语态，定语从句，介词，名词，非谓语动词，虚拟语气以及形容词等多种知识点考察，是一篇健康类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

4．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording – using "global heating" instead of "global warming" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a "climate emergency", ________(become)the first parliament to do so.
    If with "global warming", we're still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of "global heating" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.
    Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations," but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.
    However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution – if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that "we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now".
    Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.
【答案】 its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather；frequency；definitely；the；through/across；(should)take
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，谈到气候变化，语言确实很重要。今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。
（1）考察代词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。文中表达"它措辞"，因此填its。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。set to do固定短语，“开始做”，故填to rise。
（3）考察非谓语动词。句意：5月1日，英国议会宣布进入"气候紧急状态"，成为第一种这样做议会。become逻辑主语是the UK parliament，它们之间是积极关系，用目前分词作状语，因此填becoming。
（4）考察定语从句。句意：假如在"全球变暖"状况下，我们仍然在自已舒适区处理这种状况，进入"全球变热"状态，就像走向一种点，大自然微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多，没有回头路。  4  the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一种定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此填关系副词where。
（5）考察名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，因此填weathers/weather。
（6）考察名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高频率发生。介词之后，用名词，因此填frequency。
（7）考察副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响也许会被视为未来几代人问题，但目前这绝对是我们问题，我们都生活在一起转变。修饰整个句子，用副词，因此填definitely。
（8）考察冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响也许会被视为未来几代人问题，但目前这绝对是我们问题，我们都生活在一起转变。特指"这个转变"，用定冠词，因此填the。
（9）考察介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够。get through /across固定短语，“理解”，故填through/across。
（10）考察虚拟语气。that we  10  ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一种宾语从句，urge之后宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略虚拟语气，因此填(should)take。
【点评】本题考点波及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟语气等多种知识点考察，是一篇文化类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years ________ the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols ________ (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
    By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols ________ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, ________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, ________, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.
    Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one ________ (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great ________ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate ________ (easy) in writing.
    Written Chinese has also become an important means by ________ China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ________ (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
【答案】 to；were carved；had become；leading；however；united；importance；easily；which；works
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了中国文字记录发展历史。
（1）考察介词。date back to固定短语，“追溯到”，故填to。
（2）考察时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，主语为symbols复数名词，谓语动词用复数。故填were carved。
（3）考察时态。句意：到了商代，这些符号已经成为一种很发达文字系统。根据“by the Shang Dynasty”可知，应使用过去完毕时，表达“到……为止，已经成为”，故填had become。
（4）考察非谓语动词。分析句子构造可知，lead在句中做非谓语动词，且system与lead to为积极关系，故用目前分词作状语，填leading。
（5）考察副词。句意：然而，这种状况在秦朝秦始皇统治下变化了。结合句意可知表达转折，“不过”应用however，故填however。
（6）考察形容词。修饰名词country，应用形容词，表达“一种统一国家”。故填united。
（7）考察名词。be of importance固定短语，“很重要”，故填importance。
（8）考察副词。修饰动词communicate，应用副词，表达“容易沟通”，故填easily。
（9）考察定语从句。句意：书面汉语也成为中国目前与过去联络重要手段。本句为“介词+关系代词”构造定语从句修饰先行词means，且做介词by宾语，指代“手段”应用关系代词which。故填which。
（10）考察名词。work“作品”，可数名词，根据were可知，应使用名词复数，故填works。
【点评】本题考点波及介词，时态语态，非谓语动词，副词，形容词，名词，定语从句等多种知识点考察，是一篇文化类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

6．阅读下面短文，按照句子构造语法性和上下文连贯规定，在空格处填入一种合适词或使用括号中词语对形式填空。
    Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.
    Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.
    Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.
    Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.
【答案】 to hit；a；followed；as；tells；that；becoming；adaptation；With；largest
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，在中国大热动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。
（1）考察非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语，"准备好做某事",故空格处要用不定式，填to hit。
（2）考察冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,因此这里要用一种冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指"一家分销企业",要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。
（3）考察非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行企业Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。
（4）考察介词。be known as固定短语，"作为.....出名",故填as。
（5）考察主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般目前时。故填tells。
（6）考察同位语从句。