高中英语全程复习方略 素能提升演练(十一)必修3 Unit 1(新人教版).doc

必修3 Unit 1
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．You must be _____________(饿了)! Come and have lunch.
2．I am now __________(收集) convincing information for my paper.
3. My father told me he hadn’t much ________(信任)in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
4. It is hard to know the ________(起源) of the human race, that is, how the human race came out.
5．No one is to see the document without the ________(许可) of the writer of the report.
6．It’s _________(很显然) that you need more time to think it over.
7．To get the job done，one should be ________(精力充沛的) and hard-working.
8．He was _________(钦佩) as a true scientist and hard worker.
9．You’d better _________(道歉) to Mary for having kept her waiting for hours outside.
10．I could understand her being angry，but I’ll still never ________(原谅) her the way she treated me afterwards.

Ⅱ．单项填空
1. —They used to be good friends, but now they are like strangers.
—How _______ this ________ ?
A. were; come about B. did; come about
C. were; taken place D. were; happened
2. —Call me at 9: 00. I can’t afford to miss such a conference.
—Don’t worry，sir. You’ll surely be ___________ .
A．reminded B．warned
C．informed D．remembered
3. I really _______ you for your way of making decisions.
A. accept B. absorb
C. advise D. admire
4. ［2012泉州模拟］Mary found herself looking forward more and more ______ the coming entrance examination.
A. to pass B. to have passed
C. passing D. to passing
5. Martin Luther King Jr. was ______ the Nobel Peace Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights.
A．awarded B．offered C．rewarded D．received
6. He promised to come yesterday, but he hasn’t _______ yet.
A．turned down B．turned out
C．turned up D．turned to
7. Now that you are a college student，you should learn to be _______ of your parents’ help.
A．energetic B．obvious
C．independent D．religious
8. The child asked us to _______ him for what he had said.
A．forgive B．fool C．apologize D．honour
9. ［2012聊城模拟］People may have to _______ land from the sea one day with the sharp increase in population.
A．acquire B．gain C．obtain D．achieve
10. Mr. Wang has never gone to England, but he speaks English ________ he were English.
A．even if B．as though
C．even so D．as long as
11. ［2012合肥模拟］In most western countries, on April Fool’s Day，people often play ______ trick on each other; children especially have great _______ fun.
A．a；a B．the；the C．/；a D．a； /
12. It’s said that a monument will be built _______ the people who were killed in the big earthquake.
A．in place of B．in favour of
C．in memory of D．in celebration of
13. ［2012巢湖模拟］The further falling of the stock market as reported today has _______ a fresh wave of selling.
A. set off B. given off
C. put off D. got off
14. It is ________ that she come here twice a week to help do the room.
A. right B. good C. helpful D. necessary
15. All the instructions are in large print to make them easy ________ .
A. to be read B. to read
C. reading D. being read
Ⅲ．阅读理解
(A)
The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honoured by their children. On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special.
However，the idea for creating a day for children to honour their fathers began in Spokane，Washington．A woman by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon in 1909．Having been raised by her father，Henry Jackson Smart，after her mother died，Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was to her．
It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was，in the eyes of his daughter，a selfless and loving man．Sonora’s father was born in June，so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane，Washington on the 19th of June，1910．
In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day．Roses are the Father’s Day flowers：red to be worn for a living father and white if the father has died．
When children can’t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner，they send a greeting card．Traditionally，fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental．Most greeting cards are too special so fathers laugh when they open them．Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child needs Dad．
1．The United States is special in Father’s Day because ________ .
A．many people celebrate the day
B．only America celebrates the day
C．America makes it an official day
D．all men are honoured in America
2．At first，Father’s Day was fixed on June 19th because ________ .
A．Sonora honoured her father on her father’s birthday
B．Sonora’s birthday was June 19th
C．it was decided by the President at that time
D．her mother died on June 19th
3．How many years has passed before Father’s Day became an official day since the Father’s Day was celebrated?
A．4． B．10． C．14． D. 24．
4．According to the passage，on Father’s Day，________ .
A．people will wear the same flowers to honour their fathers
B．only daughters wear red flowers to honour their fathers
C．children must go home to honour their fathers
D．fathers are often honoured in different ways
(B)
When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be“last weekend”. Some people go even more often. Why? For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the highlights of modern civilization? Environmental activists would say “No! ” They would go even further and say that consumers’ behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers of ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl(扩大).
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last half century. Prior to 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn’t produce themselves. If you gazed at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred.
Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could live in the suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap land in the suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and car dealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-storey buildings and their parking lot took up a great deal of space. Well-meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops. In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it.
Only in recent years have people come to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into the problems of unconditional growth. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has come to analyze the problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment.
5. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. Weekend Fun B. Urban Sprawl
C. New Automobiles D. Isolated Villages
6. What does the underlined word“They” refer to in the first paragraph?
A. Malls. B. Activists.
C. Farmers. D. Scientists.
7. Who do activists blame for environmental problems?
A. Endangered animals.
B. Shopping mall owners.
C. Unthinking shoppers.
D. Ambitious farmers.
8. What is the scholars’ attitude towards urban sprawl?
A. Respectful. B. Disapproving.
C. Pessimistic. D. Doubtful.

答案解析
Ⅰ．1．starving 2．gathering 3. belief 4. origin 5．permission 6．obvious
7．energetic 8．admired 9．apologize 10．forgive
Ⅱ．1. 【解析】选B。表示“发生”的动词或短语，如come about, happen, take place, break out等没有被动语态。故B项正确。
2. 【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。remind 提醒，使想起；warn 警告，告诫；inform 告诉，通知；remember 记住，牢记。故选项A符合题意。
3. 【解析】选D。admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人。accept接受；absorb吸收；advise建议。
4. 【解析】选D。句意：玛丽发现自己越来越盼望通过将要到来的入学考试。look forward to (doing) sth. 盼望（做）某事。
5. 【解析】选A。句意：马丁·路德·金因为在民权运动中主张采取非暴力政策而被授予1964年诺贝尔和平奖。reward指“给予报酬”或“奖赏”；award指“因成绩或贡献由政府或社团给予奖励”。
6. 【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。turn up意为“出现”。but he hasn’t turned up yet“但他至今还没出现”与上文“他答应来”相对比。 turn down 拒绝；turn out 结果是，证明是；turn up 出现； turn to转向。
7. 【解析】选C。句意：既然你已经是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。independent“独立的，自主的”，be independent of“不依赖”，为固定搭配。energetic“精力充沛的，积极的”；obvious“明显的，显而易见的”；religious“信奉宗教的；虔诚的，宗教上的”。
8. 【解析】选A。句意：这个孩子请求我们原谅他说过的那些话。forgive sb. for (doing) sth. “原谅某人(做)某事”，符合语境。
9. 【解析】选B。句意：随着人口的急剧增长，或许有一天人们不得不从大海中获取土地。gain指通过劳动逐渐“得到或赚到(有利益的东西)”，符合句意。最大的干扰项 acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。
10. 【解析】选B。句意：王先生从未去过英国，但他说起英语来像是英国人。as though “似乎，好像”，合乎语境。even if 即使；even so 即使这样；as long as 只要。
11. 【解析】选D。考查冠词。play a trick on 为固定短语，意为“恶作剧，开玩笑”；have fun意为“玩得快乐”，fun 是不可数名词，前面通常不加冠词。
12. 【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意：据说将要修建一座纪念碑来纪念那些在大地震中死去的人。in memory of “纪念……，追念……”，符合语境。in place of 代替；in favour of 赞同；in celebration of 庆祝，均不符合语意。
13. 【解析】选A。句意：据今天报道，股市进一步下跌引起新一轮的抛售热潮。give off 发出；put off 推迟；get off 下(车、船等)，均与题意不符，只有set off有“引发，激起”之意，所以答案是A。
14. 【解析】选D。在句式It is necessary/important. . . that中，从句中用虚拟语气，即(should+)动词原形。
15. 【解析】选B。make+宾语十宾语补足语（形容词+不定式）为固定搭配，是. . . to make them easy for people to read. 的省略，此时不定式要用主动形式表被动。
【知识拓展】动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义
在下列情况下，常用不定式的主动形式来表示被动的含义：
1．当“形容词+不定式”结构作表语、宾语补足语和定语时，其中形容词多为表示性质的词，如easy, hard，good，difficult，interesting等。例如：
These apples are good to eat.
这些苹果很好吃。
2．在“too. . . to. . . ”结构中。例如：
The box is too heavy to move.
这个箱子太重，搬不动。
3．在“疑问代词十不定式”结构中。例如：
I don’t know what to do next.
我不知道下一步该做什么。
4．当不定式作定语，与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，
与句中的另一名词或代词之间有主谓关系时。例如：
I have a meeting to attend today.
今天我有个会议要参加。
Do you have anything to say?
你有什么话要说吗？
注意：如果没有这种主谓关系，则需要用不定式的被动形式。例如：
I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything
to be taken to your parents?
下周我要去北京，你有什么东西（让我）捎给你父母吗？
5．在下列句型中，to let，to blame，to seek等用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如：
Who is to blame for it?
这得怪谁？
Ⅲ．1．【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章的第一段第一句The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honoured by their children. 可知。
2．【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章的第三段第二句可知，为了表达对父亲的爱，Sonora选择父亲的生日这一天为第一个父亲节的日期。
3．【解析】选C。推理判断题。第三段告诉我们，Sonora在1910年第一次庆祝父亲节；第四段告诉我们，1924年Calvin Coolidge总统宣布父亲节为法定节日，历时14年。
4．【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章的最后两段可知，父亲节的庆祝方式多种多样。
5. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。第一段“They cause consumers of ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl. ”，第三段“In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl”以及第四段“Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems. ”中都提到“urban sprawl”，故B项正确；A、C、D三项虽然在文中出现了，但都是细节，不是主题。
6. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段“For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the highlights of modern civilization? ”可知，A项正确。
7. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“They would go even further and say that consumers’ behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. ”可知，行动主义者认为消费者盲目、不计后果的消费造成了这一后果，故C项正确。
8. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Many scholars think. . . their priceless environment”可知他们是不赞同城市扩张的。