考研写作无敌思路.doc

Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adverse can young people cultivate strong personality and ability
大 作 文
一、图画描述段
单图题终极对策（三句）
a、挖掘出2-3个可写点 b、用句式将可写点串联成话 c、润色成段（中文字幕，稍加总结）
双图题
两图两字幕冲顶5句，一般3-5句。 On the contrary / Conversely

主要原则：简单化原则 零错误原则 纯原则（只描写图画上的可写点，尤其第一句话）
语法结构：定语从句+插入语（第一段实在要增加难点，可受用插入语、定语从句）

第一句话：如图所示
The satirical（只能用于坏事总写句）sketch graphically portays a scene in which 句子（一般用于总写/可写点1）
It is graphically / symbolically / explicitly / vividly / demonstrated in the 图 that 可写点一
Depited in the thought-provoking sketch is/are 看主语单复数决定

第二句话：如图所示二
What makes the drawing striking / intriguing（让人很感兴趣的）is the fact that 具体细节 / 可写点2
The most striking（引人注目的）feature of the drawing is that 可写点二
As is symbolically depicted in the (first / left-hand) 图 可写点二 （如两图对比则前加On the contrary / Conversely ）

第三句话：字幕描写（如果有两处字幕，就可以将两句都用上，即一主动，一被动）
We are informed by the caption that“ ”
The caption reads / indicates that“ ”
如果图画里面有字：
Sth is markde as be entitled as

第四句话：总结（不要太难的话，把图总结即可，而且还不一定需要，视情况而定：看字数是否够）
Undoubtedly / Unquestionably / Incontrovertibly / Indispensably 允许在此出现部分深层含义

Eg: 1、Depited in the thought-provoking sketch is a bird，
2、在此场景中小鸟站在斧头上哭，
3、然而更让我震惊的是树都被砍光了。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
描述图画的形容词： thought-provoking /compelling /profund /instructive /enlightening /inprassive and exaggrative
表示图的词：portrayal、sketch、photo、drawing、cartoon
修饰“示”的词： graphically / vividly / explicitly / symbolically
表示“示”的词：dipict = protray (描述 浅) reflect / convey / illustrate / demonstrate (深) suggest (小词大用) indicate / imply
表示“象征”的词： be naturally associated with /symbolize
The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

另 补充一：处理两大动词连用
首先，找出所有动作，并区分出V主和V次
然后，保留V主将V次加-ing
最后，变成“N，V次-ing，V主”的结构，其中，V次-ing做插入语，作为第一段的亮点。
Eg: The Master, standing by the reverside, sighed ,“May time pass on and on like this, never ceasing day and night.”
The sad (pathetic) and homeless bird , standing on a cutting tool ( which is naturally associated with our ruthless and relentless
destruction ) , is crying with sorrow and grief.
补充二： 三大把段一写长写难的方法
1、Ving 当插入语
2、主语前用1-2个形容词修饰
3、有副词用with + n 的形式
With + confidence / optimism / joy / seriousness / passion / difficulty / enthusiasm

二、意义阐述段（5-6）
1、由浅入深（可以放在D1末或D2首）
Simple (and funy) as the 图 is / are, the connotation sbtly conveyed should be taken into consideration with more insight (and penetration) / ……should involve more insightful analysis.
The connotation behind the 图, which goes far beyond 浅层含义 , should be analyed more insightfully.
What the thought-provoking picture conveys goes far beyond . Instead , it reflect as well.
如D2 有很多话写，这句可不写。D1没话写，可将这句放在D1尾。

2、深层含义（全段核心 全文关键）可用非常6+1
① Inferred in this picture is virtually a (P and P ) social issue:________________________
② The perpose of this picture is to show / inform / convince us that due attention hus to be paid to the 形容词 issue of （接名词结构）/ the issue that (接句子)
③ The picture arouses deep concern over the issue of / that _____, which is prevalant in contemporary society.
④ This sketch does reflect a thougth-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon（“流行”但该词组只能用于定语从句中）in china now.
⑤ This picture is thought-provoking in that it endeavors to convince us that 接句子，用一句话概括文章深层含义 .
⑥ The unique metaphor in this enlightening drawing endows us with the conception / notion that (绝世高手装B最佳句式
+ 1: Undoubtedly, the photos have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that .

补：
好：far-reaching / beneficial / positive / favorable 坏：nagtive / adverse 好坏皆可：prevalent and pervasive

3、象征点（这一点已经过时了，只有抽象图才有得写，复习2003年题温室花朵即可）
只需注意象征的几个讲法。

4、原因/背景+现状描述（原因现状谁前都可以，现状不可少）
① 万能理由：On account of / owing to / because of / with the quickening pace of life,（生活节奏加快） competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life（各行各业）， imposing tremendous pressure on all individuals.（原因/背景）
② The past several years have witnessed dramatic increase in the difficulty of examinations and employment. （拟人句 现状描述）(2007)
③ With the speedy social and economic development（原因/背景），youngersters in mounting / growing / increasing numbers （越来越的adj形式）admire the celebrities and super stars. （现状描述）
④ The past several years have witnessed the phenomenon that it is increasingly difficult for college graduates to find a suitable job , and two / several / various / a multitude of factors could account for the issue. On the one hand,_______. On the other hand ________.（多重原因：层次感和高手感的有效途径）

说明：原因可分为零原因、一原因、二原因，各自有对策。
零原因：直接写现状描写那一句话就可以了。

一原因：现状描写（拟人句） ， for the reason that
Eg : The past several years witnessed the phenomenon that the number of fish declined dramatically , for the reason that we humans are only in pursuit of economic profits , but turn a blind eyes to environmental protection.

二原因：现状描写+过渡句+二原因
过渡句：1、Several factors , both individual and social , could account for the negative phenomenon.
2、The reason for the phenomenon may be complicated , but we can ,to a large extent , ascribe it to the following interrelated factors. On the one hand, . On the other hand ,
Eg : One the one hand , a great number of people are only in pursuit of the maximum profit , totally turning a blind eye to / totally ignoring basic morality of the whole business.
On the other hand , our legal system is far from perfect , which directly or indirectly provides the immoral businessmen with the chance of cheating.
a great deal of +不可数N a great number of +可数N a great many + 可数复数 N

5、后果/影响
In other words, not only···but also （最好自己创作1—2句话）
Eg : In other words , the sand storm not only brings about an adverse consequence on our ecosystem , but also puts an enormous upon the sustainable development

补：表示好、坏影响
坏：
brings about an adverse consequence
puts an enormous upon
pose a potential an probable threat on / to
sound an alarm to
好：
bring about a(n) far-reaching influence / impact on
lay a solid foudation for
play a far-reaching / fundamental role in
主 serves as a catalyst for 宾 （作为 催化剂）

6、强行举例(2006 王江涛)
It can be best / aptly exemplified by the case of / by the following cases

7、层进
It is undeniable that we must be honest , which should be accepted appreciated and advocated by all the businessman . Regrettably / However , it is ruthless and relentless ignored in contemporary society .

8、总结 Generally speaking
坏：威胁性总结
If we let the situation go as it is , the whole market even the entire society would deteriorate . / would become unimaginable and uncontrollable .
好：反面总结
Suppose our government does not pay enough attention to the west , our whole country would become unbalanced and unable to survive and thrive. ( in the ruthless and relentless competition.)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
补：举例说明段

一般举两个例子，采用总分总的结构。
总：It can be best / aptly exemplified by the following two cases. = For example
分：例子一
Another fitting example is
总：On the whole , these examples effectively clarify the saying that “ ”
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

天 龙 八 部 大 纲
1、浅义（由浅入深）（simple as / instead）
5、影响：好4；坏4 In other words
2、深意（全段核心）（非常6+1任挑一句）【论点】
6、强行举例（2006）
3、象征点（适合于抽象：2003）
7、层进：好；坏（选说反面，regrettably）
4、现状+原因（拟人句引入，超长句的来源）零一二原因
8、总结：（generally speaking :好；坏）【总结论点】

三 分 天 下 法（天 龙 八 部 迷 你 版）
1、 深义（6+1任选）
2、 过渡句“分如下三层”（起提醒考官的作用）：This 图 is thought-provoking in that it conveys the following three profound layers of connotation(s) / implications.
3、 Initially,（写现状）
4、 Additionally，（写原因）
5、 Finally，（写影响）
6、 总结

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

三、建议措施段（最多四句 1+2+1，即总→分→总的结构）
1、主题句：
1)Accordingly / As a consequence, on no account can we(决不能) fail to attach great importance to the phenomenon reflected in the picture.
2) Accordingly, it is imperative(势在必行的) for us to derive positive implications（得出积极的涵义） from these thought-provoking drawing. / to take the effective and efficient measure.
2、具体措施：提供了一些思考方向（作参考） 建议一句自己发挥一句模板
A. authorities;（8） B. education;（8） C. public voice ;（6） D. media E. self-effort;（3） F、 自由发挥（6）

Eg:
As a consequence, ……. To begin with, relevant laws and regulations should be made to severely punish those who plagiarize others’ works.(国家立法) In addition, we should cultivate the awareness of the young that academic honesty is extremely rital to us.(人民教育) In short, it is high time we took effective measures to reverse the disturbing trend illustrated (“扭转这种令人担忧的局面”即=解决问题 改写法用在坏事的文章中十分有用 )in the cartoon. (P 33 )

As a consequence, it is imperative for us to take drastic actions. On the one hand ……. On the other hand, there should be an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm measures against …… (P 31 )
该句角度新鲜，且好坏都能用（……for+好事 / ……firm measures against+坏事）

3、总结
And only in this way can we crack the hard nut and make our society develop in a dynamic and vibrant / harmonious and prosperous way / direction.
All in all , I am convinced that only in this way can we survive and thrive in this ruthless and relentless society.

补：总结句式
Only in this way can sb
It is in this way that sb can
Only by doing sth can sb to do sth
As long as 条件 , we can 解决
Eg : Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability ,and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world.

[ 三天 20大必背范文 猛研究第三段 找出自己喜欢的表达方式 构成自己独特的表达 ]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
押韵总结：
PPPT :Pose a potential and probable threat on / to
ARAA: can be accepted, respected, appreciated, and advocated
EE: effectively and efficiently
SSS :harmonious, prosperous，vigorous.
RR: ruthless, relentless
EE: educate, enlighten
PP :prevalent and Pervasive
VV1 :survive and thrive.
VV 2:impressive and exaggerative
尾韵:inspiration, aspiration and perspiration

单词短语总结：
sensible 明智的 subtly 微妙地 satirical 讽刺性的 unparalleled 无与伦比的 striking 引人注目的 relevant 相关的
irreplaceable 不可取代的 overwhelming 压倒一切的
promote the awareness of shelter / shield =protect deal with = dispose of in adverse 在逆境中
prosperity and poverty 富裕和贫穷 people in ever expanding / mounting numbers 越来越多的人
increasingly far-reaching 越来越深远 absorb the positive aspect and resist the negtive factors 取其精华，去其糟粕

小 作 文
基本框架：
开门见山说意图：（what）我要干什么，有套句出现。
咨询建议一二三：必须写分点。
不同内容可分段：特殊情况，不是每篇都有
感谢可气不可少；期待回信成惯例：公开信 辞职信不用回（at your earliest convenience 请您速回信）

1、称呼：
私人：Dear sb,
公文：Dear Sir or Madam / 职位（President、Editor、Mr 姓 ）/ To whom it may concern,

2、首段：1—2句
（背景+我是谁）+我要干什么
I am writing this letter for the purpose of doing…… / because…… / to inform you that……
And I would be grateful if you would take the following content / sth into consideration / account.

3、中间段：4—5句( 改写提纲 )
8字箴言：前因后果，虚拟自身。 最好分为两到三点写。

4、末端：2—3句（酌情使用以下经典套话，切忌无视提纲！）（根据需要选2—3句即可，无需太多）
① I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your attention to my letter.(感谢看信)
② In addition, let me apologize for any inconveniences I may have caused.(诸多不便打扰了)
③ I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.(请速回信)
④ Your prompt and favorable reply would be highly appreciated.(请速回信)
⑤ If you have any questions, please feel free / do not hesitate to contact me for more information.(at 123456) (有疑问请联系我)（专门用于介绍信中）

另：介绍信的写法
P1：①与推荐人的关系；②写信的目的recommend
P2：TS（主题句）+
①学业、工作（diligent、inclustrial）
②课外活动：（Students’ Union）
③性格优点：cooperative innovative(创新) / amiable(性格好的) / diligent (勤奋的) / optimistic
P3：①再次强调推荐；②联系方式（必须要/最好的）；③期待回信……

评分标准：
1、要点提纲 5’ 2、字数 6’ 3、无大错 7’ 4、像一封信 8’ 5、语言到位 9-10’
6