幻灯片-冠词公开课-冠词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语,第二部分,冠词,(articles),1,不定冠词,a,an,定冠词,the,零冠词,2,中考对冠词的考查主要集中在以下几点,1,不定冠词,a/an,的基本用法,2,定冠词,the,的基本用法,3,不用冠词的情况（零冠词）,考查冠词的形式一般为,单项选择,，有时也会在,完型填空,和,看图填空,等题型中出现,3,一、用适当的冠词填空,1,Beijing is in _ north of China and Guangzhou is in _,south of China.,the,the,2,There is _ apple in my bag._ apple was washed by,my father.,an,The,3,In _ 800-meter race,Xie Xiang is _first,and Li,Lei is _ last.,the,the,the,4,My sister likes playing _ piano and my brother likes,playing _ football.,the,/,4,英语中的冠词只有,3,个，分为两类：不定冠词,a,与,an,定,冠词,the,。不定冠词用来泛指一类事物中的某一个，,只能用于,单,数可数名词,前；而定冠词则用于特指某一个或某些事物，可用,于可数名词,(,单数或复数,),及不可数名词前。,不定冠词的基本用法,1,a,用于以,辅音,音素开头的单数可数名词前，,如：,a,boy,；,an,用于以,元音,音 素 开 头 的 单 数 可 数 名 词 前，,如：,an,apple,5,注意：,不能把元音字母当成元音音素。如：,()There is an“u”in the word“ruler”,()There is a“u”in the word“ruler”,2,泛指一类人或事物，表示数量“一”的意思，但数的概,念没有,one,强烈。,如：,an,elephant(,一只,),大象,a,teacher(,一位,),老师,3,指不具体的某个,人或物。,如：,I met,an,old man on my way home.,我在回家的路上遇到一位老人。,6,4,用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”，相当于,another,。,如：,I have read the book twice,but I want to read it,a third,time.,这,本书我已看过两次，可我还想再看一次。,There is,a third,boy near the shop.,商店附近又有个男孩。,(,第三个男孩,),5,表示“每一,(,个,)”,，相当于,every,。,如：,five dollars,a,kilo,五美元一公斤,three times,a,day,一天三次,twice,a,week,一星期两次,7,6,用在一些固定搭配中。,如：,a bit,a lot of,a lot,a little,a few,a number of,a glass of,a quarter,half an hour,have a word with,have a look,have a try,have a swim,have a talk,have a rest,go for,a walk,have a cold,in a word,have a good time,such,a/an,名词等,定冠词的基本用法,1,表示特指或指谈话双方都知道的某,(,些,),人或事物。,如：,The,book on the desk is mine.,桌子上那本书是我的。,The,girl in red is my sister.,穿红色衣服的那个女孩是我的妹妹。,8,2,用于上文提到过，后面再次提到的人或事物,。如：,He lives on a farm.,The,farm is not big.,他住在农场，这个农场不大。,3,用在世界上独一无二的事物,(,太阳、月亮、地球、天空、,世界、宇宙天体等,),前,。如：,The,sun is bigger than,the,moon.,太阳比月亮大。,注意：,当这些名词前有描绘性定语时，可加不定冠词。,如：,Look!,A red,sun is rising.,瞧！一轮红日正在升起。,4,用在序数词或形容词最高,级和部分比较级前。,如：,The,first island is,the,biggest of the three.,第一座岛是三个当中最大的。,Tom is,the,taller of the two boys.,汤姆是两个男孩中比较高的那个。,9,5,用在乐器名词前。,如：,play,the,piano/guitar/violin/drums,弹钢琴,/,弹吉他,/,拉小提琴,/,打鼓,6,用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。,如：,The,Whites are fishing in the park.,怀特一家人,/,怀特夫妇正,在公园钓鱼。,7,与复数名词连用，指整个群,体。如：,They are the teachers of this school.,他们就是这所学校的全体老师。,(,指学校中所有老师,),They are teachers of this school.,他们是这所学校的老师。,(,指学校中的部分老师,),10,8,用在形容词和单数名词前表示某一类人或物。如：,the young/rich/poor/sick/deaf/dead/wounded,年轻人,/,富人,/,穷人,/,病人,/,聋子,/,死者,/,伤员,the horse/computer,马,/,电脑,(,强调这一种东西,),9,用在由多个普通名词构成的党派、组织、机构等专有名,词前或江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾,、运河、沙,漠、报刊等专有名词前。如：,the Great Wall,长城,the United States,the United Nations,美国,联合国,the Summer Palace,颐和园,the Yangtze River,长江,the Sahara Desert,撒哈拉,沙漠,11,10,用在表示方向、方位的名词前。如：,the east,东方,the west,西方,the right,右边,the left,左边,11,用在逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年,代或人的大约年龄。如：,in the 1970s,在,20,世纪,70,年代,I think he is in the thirties.,我认为他有,30,多岁了。,12,12,用在某些习惯用语中。如：,in the morning,在早上,/,上午,in the end,在最后,in the day,在白天,in the middle of,在,的中间,all the time,一直,by the way,顺便说说,on the way,在路上,take sb.by the hand,抓住某人的手,hit sb.on the head,打某人的头,13,不用冠词的情况,1,在年、月、季节、星期、日期及某些节日前不用冠词。,如：,Its Sunday today.,今天是星期天。,He was born on June 12th,1999.,他出生于,1999,年,6,月,12,日。,Today is Fathers Day.,今天是父亲节。,If winter comes,can spring be far behind?,如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？,注意：,(1),特指某年的季节或与,during,连用时用定冠词,the,。,如：,in the winter of 2011,在,2011,年的冬天,14,(2),节日如果用“,Festival”,则要加冠词，如果用“,Day”,则不用,冠词。如：,the Spring Festival,春节,National Day,国庆节,2,在三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏和学科名称前不用冠词。,如：,I like playing badminton and chess.,我喜欢打羽毛球和下象棋。,After lunch Aunt Huang came.,午饭后黄阿姨来了。,注意：,三餐前如有形容词修饰时也要用冠词。如：,After a quick breakfast,he went to school.,他迅速吃了早餐就去上学了。,15,3,当用,by,表示乘坐某,种交通工具时，中间不用冠词。如：,by bus/train/bike/air,乘公交车,/,火车,/,自行车,/,飞机,4,在一些固定短语中不用冠词。如：,at home,在家,at noon,在中午,by mistake,错误地,on time,按时；准时,at work,在上班,in class,在课堂上,go to school,去上学,at night,在晚上,on foot,步行,in time,及时,day and night,日日夜夜,in surprise,吃惊地,on show,展览,go to bed,上床睡觉,16,注意：,在有些短语中，用冠词和不用冠词的意思会不同。,如：,in hospital,在住院,at table,吃饭，用餐,in prison,在坐牢,in the hospital,在医院里,at the table,在桌子旁边,in the prison,在监狱里,17,(,)1.(2011,年广东,)I really,like _ book you lent me,yesterday.,C,A,a,B,an,C,the,D,不填,解析：,表示特指或指谈话双方都知道的那本书，用定冠词,the,。故选,C,。,(,)2.(2011,年 广 东 清 远,)Her daug,hter began to play,_ piano when she was five.Now shes very good at it.,A,an,B,a,C,the,D,/,解析：,表示演奏某乐器前要用定冠词,the,，故选,C,。,C,18,(,)3.(2011,年广东佛山,)In LA Li,ngling lived with _,Smiths and got on well with the host family.,B,A,a,B,the,C,/,解析：,“,the,姓氏复,数,”,可以表示一家人或夫妇二人。故,选,B,。,(,)4.(2011,年广东河源,)Miss Liu,wants to lose weight.She,just has _ cup of milk for _ breakfast every day.,A,a;the,C,the;a,B,a;,不填,D,the;,不填,解析：,“,一杯牛,奶,”,的表达为,a cup of,milk,；三餐前不加冠,词。故选,B,。,B,19,(,)5.(2011,年广东深圳,)Do you,know _ girl who,A,is standing under _ tree?,Of course!She is Lucy,my classmate.,A,the;the,C,a;/,B,a;a,D,/;the,解析：,表示特指,“那个站在那棵树,下的女孩,”，用定冠词,the,；那棵树也是特指，故用,the,。,(,)6.(2011,年 广 东 茂 名,)I lost _,_ pen he gave me,yesterday,but now Ive bought _ new one.,B,A,a;the,B,the;a,C,a;a,解析：,第一空特指,“,昨天他给我的那枝钢笔,”,，故用,the,；,第二空泛指“一枝钢笔”,，表示数量,“,一,”,，故用,a,。,20,(,)7.(2010,年 广 东,)Dont ta,lk to Simon like that.He is just,_ eleven-year-old boy.,B,A,a,B,an,C,the,D,/,解析：,题意：不要那样对西蒙说话，他只是一个,11,岁的小,男孩。此处表示泛指，且后面,eleven-year-old,是以元音音素开,头的单词，故选,B,。,(,is!,)8.(2010,年广东湛江,)What _,_ interesting cat it,Yes,I like it very much.,A,a,B,an,C,the,D,/,解析：,根据题意,“多么有趣的一只,猫！,”可知表示数量,“,一,”,，且,interesting,是以元音音素开头，故选,B,。,B,21,(,)9.(2010,年 广 东 梅 州,)Its _,_ pleasure to see,_ sun rising in _ east.,C,A,/;the;/,C,a;the;the,B,a;/;/,D,/;the;the,解析：,第一空考查,“,Its,a pleasure to do sth.”,句型，其中,pleasure,是抽象名词具体化，意为,“,一件愉快的事情,”,；第二空,表示独一无二的事物，要用定冠词,the,；第三空表示方位，用定,冠词,the,。故选,C,。,22,(,)10.(2010,年广东深圳,)_,apple a day keeps the,doctor away!,B,What do you mean?I have never heard of _ saying,before.,A,An;a,C,A;the,B,An;the,D,A;a,解析：,题意：,“,一天一个苹果，医生远离我,(,即身体,好,),。”“什么意思？我以前从没听说过,这个谚语。,”第一空表,示数量,“,一个,”,，且,apple,是以元音音素开头，故用,an,；第二,空特指上面提到的那条谚语，要用定冠词,the,。故选,B,。,23,(,)11.(2010,年广东茂名,)In _,_ first photo,the man,is playing _ guitar.,A,A,the;the,B,the;,不填,C,a;a,解析：,在序数词和表示乐器的名词前用定冠词,the,。,(,)12.(2010,年广东佛山,)Lao She w,as a very famous writer,and even _ young like his works.,A,A,the,B,/,C,a,解析：,在形容词前用,the,表示这一类人，,the young,年轻人。,24,Thank you!,25,