专题2-第6讲-动词及动词短语幻灯片.ppt

第,6,讲 动词及动词短语,Usage and Use,用法和运用,speak,make a speech,walk,take a walk,smoke,have a smoke,entertain,give an entertainment,考点归纳,1,：,动词词汇积累和辨析,动词、动词词组既多且杂，多义性非常突出，初中阶段学过的动词，在高中阶段不断地出现新的意义，这些动词考生要在平时就进行笔记整理。,形似词辨析如：,compete,与,complete;command,与,demand;include,与,conclude;contribute,与,distribute;reserve(,储备，保存）,deserve,observe,与,preserve,（保护区，保护）,;change,与,exchange;explore,（探索，探险）,explode,与,expand;inform,reform,与,transform;respect,与,inspect;intend,与,attend;polish,（磨光）,publish,与,punish;acquire,与,require;wonder,与,wander,等；,近义词辨析如：,assess,（评估）与,evaluate,（评价）,;accuse of,（指控）与,charge,（收费）,;bother,（麻烦）,disturb,（妨碍）与,interrupt;check,与,examine;combine,与,unite;refuse,与,reject;congratulate,与,celebrate;cure,与,treat;defeat,与,beat;defend,与,protect;persuade,与,advise,等；,动词词组如：,pick up,bring up,take up,，,build up,make up,put up(,搭起，投宿）等。,考点归纳,2,：,两种常错、常考的可作谓语的动词,1.,几组容易混淆的动词原形，过去式和过去分词形式,hang,hanged,hanged,绞死,hang,hung,hung,悬挂,lay,laid,laid,放置,lie,lied,lied,说谎,lie,lay,lain,平卧,find,found,found,发现,found,founded,founded,建立,fall,fell,fallen,跌倒,feel,felt,felt,感受,2.,实为及物动词,却常被误认为不及物动词,enter(,误为,enter into),marry(,误为,marry with),reach(,误为,reach to),mention(,误为,mention about),serve(,误为,serve for),address,（向,致辞）,(,误为,address to),approach(,误为,approach with),考点归纳,3,：,动词词组的辨析,1.,get:,get along,离开、进展、继续；,get across(,使,),越过、使,让人理解；,get away,逃避；,get back,回来、取回；,get down,记下、使某人忧愁；,get off,下车,(,飞机,),、下班；,get on,上车；,get in,收割、插话；,get up,起床、站起；,get through,接通,(,电话,),、通过、完成；,get together,聚会、收集。,2.,take:,take away,拿走、带走、消除,(,病痛,),、减去；,take down,取下、记下、拆掉、病倒；,take out,拔掉、带,(,某人,),出去、获得；,take off,脱掉,(,衣服,),、起飞；,take up,占据,(,时间或空间,),、以,作为爱好或消遣、从事,(,某职业或活动,),。,3.,turn:,turn into,拐入、,(,使,),变成；,turn off,关掉、使厌烦；,turn on,打开,(,电脑等,),、取决、进攻；,turn over,翻转、反复考虑、移交；,turn to,翻到、求助于、转向；,turn up,将,(,音量,),调大、找到、出现；,turn down,调小,(,音量,),、拒绝；,turn out,结果是、证明是、露面。,4.,come:,come about,发生；,come across(,偶然,),遇见；,come on,来吧、加油；,come along,一道去；,come in,进来、上市；,come out,出版、出来；,come over,来访、产生；,come round,来访、到来；,come to,来到、合计、苏醒、谈到。,5.,give:,give away,赠送、泄露；,give back,归还、送回；,give in,让步、屈服；,give off,发出,(,气味、光等,);give out,分发、用完、耗尽、发出,(,气味、热等,),；,give up,放弃。,6.,pick:,pick out,挑选、找出；,pick up,拿起、捡起、收拾、自然学会、接受,(,节目等,),、,(,用车,),来接、重新开始、感染,(,疾病、坏习惯等,),。,7.,break:,break away(from),摆脱、改掉；,break down,出故障、破坏、分解；,break in,突然进来、插嘴；,break into,强行进入、突然,起来；,break out(,火灾、疾病、战争等,),突然爆发,(,不用于被动语态,),；,break up,解散、结束、破裂、绝交。,8.,look:,look about/around,环顾；,look after,照看、照顾；,look at,注视；,look down upon/on,看不起；,look for,寻找；,look forward to,期盼,(to,是介词,),；,look into,调查；,look like,看起来像；,look out,往外看、当心；,look over,审阅、检查；,look through,翻看、浏览；,look to,注意、负责；,look up to,尊敬。,例,1,：,(2011,全国新课标卷,)William found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to_.,A.disappear B.fall,C.fail D.damage,【,解析,】,C,威廉发现阅读越来越困难，因为他的视力开始下降。,fail,指“,(,健康、视力等,),开始变弱，退化”，符合题意。,disappear,消失；,fall,落下；下跌；,damage,损害。,例,2,：,(2010,福建卷,)In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.,I cant agree more.Its great to have the two _.,A.linked B.related,C.connected D.combined,【,解析,】,D,考查动词词义辨析。,link,与,联系在一起；,relate,与,有关；,connect,连接；,combine,使联合，使结合。,例,3,：,(2010,浙江卷,)The majority of people in the town strongly _ the plan to build a playground for children.,A.consider B.support,C.confirm D.submit,【,解析,】,B,考查动词辨析。句意：镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。,consider,考虑，思考，认为等；,support,支持，拥护，维持；,confirm,证实，确认；,submit,使屈服，使经受。,例,4,：,(2011,福建卷,)Id prefer to_my judgement until I find all the evidence.,A.show B.express,C.pass D.reserve,【,解析,】,D,题意：我会等到我找到所有的证据之后再作判断。,reserve“(,为某个人或某种用途,),保留”，符合题意。,show,展示；出示；证明；带领；,express,表达；,pass,通过；经过；传递。,例,5,：,(2010,山东卷,)Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.,A,brought up B.looked up,C.picked up D.set up,【,解析,】,C,考查动词短语辨析。句意：山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。表示“学会”用,pick up;pick up,另外还有“捡起；搭载；整理；重新开始；获得”等意义；,bring up,抚养，教育；提出；呕吐；,look up,向上看；,(,形势,),好转，改善；查阅；,set up,建立，设置；造成，产生。,【,小结,】,动词是英语词汇中的核心，而动词及其构成的短语一直是高考中的热点和难点。每年高考题对动词和动词短语的考查都会出现,24,道。要特别注意动词与介词、副词的搭配构成的固定短语，在掌握这些短语的意思的同时，还要在具体的语境中灵活地加以运用。,