TPO21听力答案的解析.doc

TPO21
Section 1

1

1. 这段对话主要是讲一位新生在学校没有找到orientation的地点。老师说：you can’t find your orientation session? 于是答案在A和C当中，但是后来老师又告诉他，usually， they are in the auditorium。但是男生表示他前几天去过了，那是general orientation。他说：yes the general ones，I once went to one of those sessions earlier day, but now I need the one for my major, engineering. 这里就可以得出他找不到的是engineering department的orientation。
2. 问找不到地点的原因。对话中，男生说，my schedule said the meeting was in Johnsonhall然而地图上画的这栋楼叫做Morgen Hall。但是老实说this used to be Jonhson hall， the problem is they changed the name to morgen hall。老师说他很吃惊学校给了他原来的地名的地图，但是后来男生又说，这张地图是一个月前的mail，也就是寄过来的。 他说了I get the second one recently…最后重点在：I left that one in the dorm room. 也就是说他用的地图上的名字没有更新。
3. 问这栋楼为什么更新名字，因为老师又说了:this building is renamed after one of out professors. She retired a few months ago. She is really well known in the world of physics. 这说明这位叫做morgen的人是很有名很重要的物理学家，所以以他命名。
4. 男生说：that why I transfer to this university. I am impressed with all the researches you guys had in the laboratories.他还说他知道这所学校是第一所开设aerospace engineering她和学校，并且说a couple of students who graduate from here became astronauts. 他还get a minor in math。并且老师跟他说，学习aero space engineering 并且辅修math 会让他go far（you will go far with that degree） 这些都表示男生对这个学校印象很好在这里来是抱着重大理想的。如果你还不确定，也可以用排除。A和C没有提到。B正好反了，因为他说他知道这所学校aerospace engineering是第一个开设的有着优秀的传统。
5. 问老师的观点，就要注意老师的话。当男生说他minor in math的时候，老师说you will go far with that degree, more of our students should do that. there are so many more opportunities available in the field when you have a strong math background. 说明A的内容。

2

1. Lecture 一开始老师说：how throughout history, it has often be difficult for people to give up to ideas which had long been taken for granted, such as scientific truth, even if these ideas were false, in astronomy for example, the distinction between the solar system and the universe was not clear until… 接着就开始讲了后面的主干部分，讲了几古代的关于天文学的学说的顽固性，所以是讲the persistence of traditional theories.
2. 这道题的答案要从well it made sense to them 开始。因为前面说the ancient Greeks believe earth is the center of the universe, 所以说明这句后面就要说为什么他们geocentric view。 她说observation of the sky made it appears as if the sun and the moon and stars all revolved around the earth every day. 说明第一个是理由。And the view was also supported by the philosophical and religious belief about the origin structure of the universe.。。。这一句就说明第三个也是对的。
3. 当天文学家发现他们的观察与以前的这种belief 矛盾的时候，他们并没有考虑要修改这个theory。The ancient Greeks didn’t really consider the theory. It was so intuitive so sensible that the earth was the center of the universe.
4. 出现了epicycle theory 的这一段，主要是在说，天文学家们精确地观察到这些planet move backwards，但是他们并不质疑以地球为中心的学说，所以他们就要给这种观察结果找个理由，于是就有了epicycle theory。 所以C是对的。
5. However， there were a few scientists in Greece and other places who didn’t agree with the geocentric views. For example。。。然后他就说了Aristotle。从这个位置就要开始注意。 Aristotle recognized from his calculation that the sun is much larger that the earth and other planets. It was probably this discovery that made him to conclude that the universe is heliocentric.
6. However, his proposition was rejected.从这个位置开始就要注意了。因为既然说了他的观点被反对，那么紧接着就是为什么会被反对了。听力中说：They believed that everything that moves creates its own wind…又说到didn’t fit in with the ancient understanding of gravity.所以选的两个原因应该是2和4个。

3.

1. 整篇文章的大意讲的就是这个，一开始说了这捷克来讲testers，那些找毛病的人，然后后面有举例子对比了两个不通的团队。他们当中developer 和tester的配合好坏不同所造成的不同的效果，由此来表明好的软件开发需要不同的角色，developer和tester的好配合。
2. there is a story behind this term.听到这里就要开始注意了。Back in the 1940s, when the computer industry is just starting, a group of computer scientists was working late one night, and there was a problem in one of the computer circuits. When they examined it, they found a 5 centimeters long moth cut in there. Once they de- bug the computer, it worked just fine, and ever since then, every kind of computer problem has been known as bugs.
3. 老师说的两个特点They have to be different groups of people because developers often have bias in their work and it blind them to problems that might be obvious to someone else the 和mainality of software developer was constructive, creative. 分别是A和D。
4. 通过对老师最后一部分关于他研究的两个project比较的讲述， 会发现两个project的不同在于project unity里面大家都很团结，没有争吵，developer没有defensive而在project split里面双方从一开始就是conflict， 所以unity更加有效率的原因应该选C
5.两者的产品最后有什么不同。听力里面说了最后那个split的产品。。。we end up in having…which was obviously not ideal. 重点在not ideal，而说到unity 他还说了we even put on some improvements haven’t plan, 说明质量方面，split的不如unity的产品，所以D的内容 split was inferior 很符合。
6. and you can sense the conflicts just by walking into the room, literally ,the debelopers and testers sat on opposite sides of the table…说明对这个气氛的描写是想强调双方的矛盾。
C B AD C D A

Section2

1. 听力的主旨，大意就是学生去找老师，询问关于选课的建议。学生说：I am trying to figure out what elective courses to take. My advisor suggested me to take ecnomics and accounting but I’m not really sure.
2. 老师说：but in PR, you develop realtion with a larger range of audiences.
3. 说道大学的例子的时候，老是说do you remember the PR straregy I alluded to you the other day? 然后学生说you mean how the university invite local residence to attend certain lectures and classes for free?所以第三题选B
4. 老师说。Advertising principle and intrued marketing . This way you find out marketing someways you really want to persue. Graduate教育很贵，This courses will give you good overview of the field before commiting yourself. 这说明老师在建议她不能浪费学费一定要学对自己有用并且确定感兴趣的课程。
5. 老是说：OK,OK,I hear it. 前面女生说了她在高中endured zccounting和ecnomics，表明她并不是很喜欢这两个课，还说they were so…虽然没有说完，但是根据语境她说了endure说明上这个课十分煎熬，说明她觉得boring或者不感兴趣。老师的话说之前还笑了笑，就是对此表示理解。

1. 文章的大意。首先讲的是蛇，其次讲了不同类蛇的进化。所以答案要包括snake evolutin所以选B
2. 老师在说了一大堆：学生以前可能学到的东西以后说：now what if I told you that (这里就要开始注意了，因为有明显的转折) theris a good chance that most everything I just said is wrong…the basic theory about snake revolution has been challenged by a recent study that reveal the whole new understanding of revolunary relationships for…所以她前面说的那些学生从前学的知识都是铺垫，这一句引出了她今天要讲的挑战原有学说的一个新的理论。
3. traditionally to understand the evolutionary relationships, we looked very easily observed physical characteristics of the animals. And classify them based on similiarity and diffenrences,这里说的就是题目中问到得传统的根据外表特征分类，然后她又说 the problem with this method is the characteristic that appears similar might actually have developed in quite diffenrent ways. 这一句就说出了这种方法的weakness，就是题目中D说的这个意思。他们长得一样不一定进化的一样。
4. what seperates colubrids with other snakes we’ve been classified as venomous is not the lack of venom, but the lack of dffective way to deliver venom into its prey. 答案就在这一段话里面。然后他又举例子说在大多数venomous里面他们用venom捕食，(the venom is used to catch and moblized the prey.) But in colubrid, venom is delivered Onto the prey after the pray is in the snakes’ mouth. 说明colubrid额区别在于不用venom捕食。
5. 再说到constrictor sanke 的进化时, 她说也许 they were once venomous 他们的venomous不需要所以就渐渐消失了， 然后又提到了这个例子there is one species of snake the brown tree snakes that uses both contrictions and venom depending on its prey, so well it is possible. 这个it is possible 就是用来说明原来举这个例子是为了证实老师说的关于constrictor snake 的进化。
6. 在最后老师说了在这个方面的medicalresearch，说: now it sound far fast. So far only one proaching has been targeted for study as a potential drug ….but who knows, maybe someday. 这表明她觉得一切都还太早的态度。

1. 老师在一开始就说Neel 是把realism和expressionism结合起来的，所以是在讨论他的作品的风格。C
2. 听力中说了，当时照相处于优势地位，人们就不是很重视portrait。After photogra[hy became regarded as an art form, portrait painting became less perstigious, less respctive as an art form. And photography kind of took its place, 所以是选B.
3. 他说first, Neel uses bold colors,…like subject’s clothing for instance, it appears brighter than it really was（说明color是expressionism的一个方面 ）. And the subject ,the people being portratit, Neel paid special attentions to faces. The way she paints the eyes and how the faces are portrait, this are quite realistic.（这句说明了B不能选） Like the realist’s work. But another thing Neel did was sort of strechy figures.（这个说明C是对的，figures就是说subject的姿态，shape of the body.）所以 答案CD
4. But neel felt that painting should reflect reality, and to her individuals, people, best reflcet the reality of their time…so she painted portraits. 这一段说明了她选择画人像的原因，是因为他觉得这样最能反映所在的时代。A
5.it’s not just formal dipictions of presidents and ancestors. 老师讲到他的人物像老人女人小孩跨越了性别和年龄，是为了突出他的作品的独特特点。D
6. 教授说的话是：她到了70多岁才举行第一次展览。后面接着说了这是因为在当时由于photography被认为是艺术，所以portrait的地位下降了，被替代了，就是想表明他作为portrait artist 并不受到认可。（听力中：Portrait artists would have a difficult time finding acceptance.）所以选C