SCI论文全攻略(二)(转载).doc
《SCI论文全攻略(二)(转载).doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《SCI论文全攻略(二)(转载).doc(21页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、SCI论文全攻略(二)(转载)Introduction同样要保证简短,顺序是一般背景介绍、别人工作成果、自己的研究目的及工作简介,其中介绍别人工作时只需介绍和自己最相关的方面(very relevant),而对自己的工作介绍不用说明细节,因为这个要放到body中去。不要忘记在介绍自己工作之前要有一个declarative statement。Body部分可以分为methods、result和discussiong三个部分:Methods,详尽的介绍自己的实验方案以便于他人能够重复自己的实验过程,对于通用的实验方案可以简略,重点要放到自己的独创方案上面(own procedures),按照实验的
2、先后顺序介绍,为了文章的阅读方便,不要使用过多层次的subheadings,比如 subsubsubsection等等。Result,使用text、table、figure等手段表达出来,其中table不要使用过多,而 figure必须保证图线清楚、注解明确,必要的时候还要对于自己的result中的一些结论进行解释说明。Discussion,这个部分是为了以后的study,在其中提出自己的problem或者是hypothesis,和别人的成果进行比较,暗示自己的主要收获,为后面的conclusion做准备。Conclusion中不要包含body以外的information,保持brief、ne
3、at和concise,一定要舍得结束自己的 paper;如果自己的paper只是project的一部分,稍做说明。Revison是在写完之后回头看看是否有逻辑上的错误,是否考虑到了读者兴趣,自己的declarative statement是否令人满意,Brevity is the soul of literary construction。Acknowledgement,不要忘记,这个反应了一个人的个人品质。五、How to Write an Article by Gill B.We very much welcome articles written by forumers, whether
4、 historical, strategic or about castles. Hopefully you will find a few hints and a bit of advice here which will help.1. Before you do anything at all, check that nobody is already writing a similar article. You dont want to spend a long time on research and writing only to find that someone else ha
5、s already written about the same thing. Probably, for simplicity, you should mail your idea to me and I can check with the right person.2. It helps if you can write in clear and correct English. However, if English isnt your first language, dont let this put you off. I am happy to edit/proof read/an
6、glicise what you have written.3. Look at previous articles on the site to see the sort of thing we like. Historical articles need to be factual, but not too dry. Strategy/design articles need to be accurate. Both need to be about something not already covered on the site.4. Your article needs to be
7、original. You will need to do a lot of research on the web and/or in books. Of course you can use the information you find, but it will need to be rewritten in your own words. If you are using the internet for your research, try to find at least two sites confirming the information as there are some
8、 very inaccurate websites out there - we dont want to be one of them.5. If at all possible you will need illustrations for your article.a) If they are your own photos, drawings or screenshots, thats great.b) If you need an image of a unit, commodity or building from the game, theres a good chance we
9、 will already have an image uploaded somewhere.c)If you want to use an image from another website, you will have to write and ask permission. Do this politely; explain about the article you are writing, tell them that there will be a link to their site and send them a link to Stronghold Heaven so th
10、at they can see where their images will be used. If you are lucky, they will reply straight away giving you permission. More likely they will not reply at all, in which case you will need to look elsewhere. Please note that, for these purposes, HeavenGames is considered a commercial site (because we
11、 make a little money on the adverts, not a lot, but its the idea that counts). This means a lot of pics that are in public domain, will not be available to us, as they are for non-commerical use only. Permission to use external images is mandatory and we may need to see it before your article can be
12、 uploaded. We do have blanket permission to use images from some Castle Sites as long as they are credited, which might help you in your search.6. The final bit.a) When you have written your article and are happy with it, send it to me, preferably as a .txt file (though a .doc file is OK), together
13、with any images you want to use. If the images are external, let me have the url where they can be found. Indicate in the article where you want each image to be.b) I (or another angel) will edit it and query with you anything we dont understand, then we will code and upload the article and you will
14、 be sent the url so you can have a look and see if you are happy with it.c) If not, well work on getting it how you want it; if so, it will be newsed and linked in to its appropriate place.六、撰写论文初稿(writing the first draft):(1)材料和方法(methods and materials):做了什么和怎样做?材料和方法是文章开始写作的最理想部分,这部分的内容作者最了解。写作要求:
15、用过去时,尽可能按实验的先后顺序描述。(2)结果(results):发生了什么?基本写作要求:可用图、表或文字表达,三者间尽量减少重复。在正文部分叙述主要结果和意义,用图或表给出较详细的数据,用过去时。(3) 讨论(discussion):所得结果是否为“前言”提出的关键问题的答案?结果是如何支持答案的、如何证实假说的?基本写作要求:集中讨论与本结果有关的问题,突出本研究的创新及重要性,;与相关研究结果进行比较分析;给出结果所支持的结论;指出前景、不足和改进。用现在时叙述已知或被证明的事实,用过去时描述本研究结果。(4)文献(references):与本研究方法、结果、讨论有关的其它研究有哪些
16、?准确完整规范著录。(5)前言(introduction)本研究的背景和目的是什么?试图回答的关键问题是什么?基本写作要求:本研究之目的和重要性;简要复习文献。(6)致谢(acknowledgment):除了作者,谁协助完成了本研究、分析结果并撰写论文?谁提供了基金和物质帮助?写作要求:仅列出对本工作提供特殊的实质性贡献者姓名;须得到被致谢者同意。(7) 摘要(abstract):论文告诉我们什么(通常250字)?摘要是论文要点的浓缩,应在文章各主要部分完成后再写,这样有利于文章要点的提炼。优秀的摘要能有效抓住读者兴趣。写作要求:用含有必要词汇的短的简单句,以使摘要清楚而简洁?避免使用缩写词和
17、晦涩难懂的词句;用小标题叙述研究论文的各部分;用过去时(但问题的陈述和结论可用现在时);强调研究的创新和重要方面。(8)文题(title):本文关于什么?最佳文题的标准是用最少的必要术语准确描述论文的内容。写作要求:准确(accuracy)、简洁(brevity)、有效(effectiveness)和吸引人。(9)作者(author list):谁参与了本研究的设计、工作及论文的撰写?(10) 准备论文最后一稿(preparing the final manuscript):论文初稿完成以后,必须对内容及格式进行反复推敲和修改,达到“投稿须知”的一切要求。绝大多数有经验的编辑都认为:不认真准备
18、的稿件绝不是高水平科学研究成果的良好载体(A poorly prepared manuscript is,almost without fail,the carrier vehicle of poor science. Day AR.)。如果希望论文发表,在准备投稿时必须做到打字整洁、无错、符合期刊格式、含有期刊要求的所有材料。该过程一般分三步:再次阅读拟投期刊的“投稿须知”;用“投稿须知”中提供的“稿件对照检查表”(manuscript checklist, authors checklist)与自己论文一一核对;根据期刊要求打印输出,完成最后一稿。七、英语学术论文写作的几个细节A. 时态:
19、当提到本文、此图、此表等说明了、表达了什么时要用一般现在时,而不用一般过去时。This paper describes The focus of this paper is Figure 1 shows Most of the common condensation polymers are listed in Table 1-1.B. 数:在学术论文里,有时很难顾及数的逻辑。但一般不将逻辑上的问题视为语法错误。只须注意在一个句子中的数和谓语动词的统一即可。单、复数的选用有一些非定性、但可供参考的趋向: 当含意上强调复数时建议用复数。The catalyst concentrations fo
20、r the different reactions are different.Our research focuses on the syntheses and characterizations of a series of polycarbonates with different chemical structures.The physical and chemical properties of this compound have been studied.The chain lengths of the oligomers with different molecular wei
21、ghts are different.当含意上不强调复数时可用单数或复数。Our research focuses on the synthesis of polycarbonates.The property of the compounds in group 1 is different from the property of the compounds in group 2.The chain length of the oligomers increases with increasing reaction time.在标题、小标题中或描述一类事物、现象等,提到具体物质时常用复数。【
22、Polyesters】Polymers are macromolecules built up by large numbers of small molecules. The small molecules which combine with each other to form polymer molecules are termed monomers.在标题、小标题或描述一类事物、现象等,提到抽象概念时可用单数、也可用复数。【Step Copolymerization】Newer Types of Step Polymerizations. This chapter will cons
23、ider the characteristics of step polymerization in detail.学术论文、有关学术的科普文章中的名词的可数或不可数特性的划分区别于非学术文章非学术文章中的可数或不可数特性可从字典查到。以下是在学术文章中通常视为可数名词的单词:但在一般字典中它们或它们做某种含义解时可能被划归不可数名词。application development considerationcomposition concentration distributionstructure length weight 当同时提及几个图、表、方程式时要用复数(分别单个地提及则不用):
24、The reaction rate constant can be calculated from Equations 2 and 3. The reaction rate constant can be calculated from Equation 2 and Equation 3. Figs. 4 and 5 show C. 冠词:单数名词前一般要加冠词:a , the等; 但以下情况可不加:表示不特指的、较抽象的概念:This chapter will consider the characteristics of step polymerization in detail. An
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- SCI 论文 攻略 转载
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【Fis****915】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【Fis****915】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。