Howtobecomeamanofgenius课文讲解解读.pptx

HowtobecomeamanofgeniusBertrand RussellPre-reading questionHow do you define genius?1 someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality;2 unusual mental ability3 someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field4 exceptional creative ability5 a natural talentThe main idea about this article?Ignore fact and reason,live entirely in the world of your own fantastic and myth-producing passions;do this whole-heartedly and with conviction,and you will become one of the prophets of your age.不要理会事实和理性，完全生活于由你自不要理会事实和理性，完全生活于由你自己的奇思妙想的激情所构建的世界中，并己的奇思妙想的激情所构建的世界中，并全心全意坚定信念狠抓落实，你将成为你全心全意坚定信念狠抓落实，你将成为你时代中的一个圣人。时代中的一个圣人。para.1Amanofgeniusknowsitallwithouttheneedofstudy;hisopinionsarepontificalanddependfortheirpersuasivenessuponliterarystyleratherthanargument.twonecessity:one-sided&prejudicesandpassionspara.2Carlyle卡莱尔Nietzsche尼采D.H.Lawrence劳伦斯Aztec阿兹特克oThomasCarlyle(1795-1881)Scottish historian and political philosopherThe merit of originality is not novelty;it is sincerity.The believing man is the original man;whatsoever he believes,he believes it for himself,not for another.Genius is an infinite capacity for taking pains.Nietzsche,Friedrich(Wilhelm)(1844-1900),Germanphilosopher,poet,andclassicalphilologist,oneofthemostprovocativeandinfluentialthinkersofthe19thcentury.BeknownforcriticizingChristianityscompassionfortheweak,glorifyingthewilltopower.Theideaof“overmanorsuperman”D.H.Lawrence(18851930)Englishauthor,oneoftheprimaryshapersof20th-centuryfiction.AllofLawrencesnovelsarewritteninalyrical,sensuous,oftenrhapsodicprosestyleSons and Lovers(1913),The Rainbow(1915),andWomen in Love(1921)Aztec阿兹特克（或译为阿兹台克、阿兹提克）是一个在14世纪16世纪的墨西哥古文明，其传承的阿兹特克文明与印加文明、玛雅文明并称为中南美三大文明.阿兹特克文明（AztecCivilization）是墨西哥古代阿兹特克人所创造的印第安文明，是美洲古代三大文明之一。主要分布在墨西哥中部和南部。形成于14世纪初，1521年为西班牙人所毁灭。其特异习俗之一是以活人为祭品，每年有数千人被祭神灵。武士以献身祭坛为荣。para.3learntheartofdenunciation.denounceinsuchawaythatyourreaderthinksthatitistheotherfellowwhoisbeingdenouncedandnothimself.Youmustdenouncepersonswhoseemotionsareatrophied,personstowhomonlyploddingstudycanrevealthetruth.TranslationItisessentialtoappealtoprejudicesandpassionsofwhichmenhavebeguntofeelashamedandtodothisinthenameofsomenewineffableethic.必须在某种避讳的伦理的名义下去关注人们开始觉得难为情的偏见和激情。HescourstheworldforwhatisancientanddarkandlovesthetracesofAzteccrueltyinMexico.他在全世界搜寻古老而阴暗的东西，钟情于墨西哥阿兹特克人留下的体现其残酷的遗迹。Womanexists,inhisphilosophy,onlyassomethingsoftandfattoresttheherowhenhereturnsfromhislabors.按照他的哲学，女性的存在就是为劳累一天而归的伟大男性提供一块又软又滑的温柔乡。Youmustdenouncepersonswhoseemotionsareatrophied,personstowhomonlyploddingstudycanrevealthetruth,forweallknowthattheseareotherpeople,andweshallthereforeviewwithsympathyyourpowerfuldiagnosisoftheevilsoftheage.你最好批评那些情感迟钝的人，那些需要慢慢剖析才能反应过来的人，因为我们都知道有这样的人，因此我们要满怀同情观看你对时代病症有力的诊断。LanguagepointsWeigh（衡量）V.considersomethingcarefullysoastomakeadecisionaboutite.g.youhavetoweighthecostofthenewsystemagainstthebenefitsitwillbring.Weighsb/sthup/against掂量；衡量Weighon压在.心头；使烦恼；使担忧Weighdown使.负重担；使疲惫不堪；使沉重weightedadj.加重的;加权的weighingn.称(量重);权衡;权重weightsn.砝码weightingn.加权;加重;称量;评价weightyadj.重要的;沉重的;有力的weightliftingn.举重weightlessadj.无重量的;无重力的weightlessnessn.失重weighin(拳击手等)比赛之前量体重;加入（比赛或辩论等）weight-liftv.举重weightinessn.重;沉重;重要性weightloss重量减轻;失重weighbridgen.地秤weight-loss减肥其它Recipe（秘诀，食谱，药方）Tooursurprise,sheknowstherecipe forcockie-leekie.Beingtolerantissupposedtobea recipe forhappymarriage.Armedsuppressionappearedtobea recipe forquickeneddoom.武装的镇压似乎是加快厄运的良方recipehandeddownfromancestors祖传秘方Novelty（新奇的事物，新奇）Trainsarestillsomethingofa noveltyintheremotemountainousarea.Thelittleboyenjoyedgardeningatfirstbutthe novelty soon wore off消失.Sheisfondofcollectingnovelties wherevershetravels.noveltyin在方面有新意noveltyto对来说是新奇的事物v.擦洗；搜寻；腹泻Scourn.擦洗；腹泻Theyoungmusicologists音乐者scourthecountrysidetocollecttheancientballads歌谣.Thewholelandscapeisscouredofvegetation植被.scourforv.搜索scouroffv.擦掉;洗去scouroutv.冲刷成Denounce（谴责；告发；通告废除）denouncefor因而谴责,就告Thepublicdenouncedthemayorforneglectofduty.denounceto向告发Temptedbythehugereward,sheeventuallydenouncedhimtothesecretpolice.adj.自以为是的；武断的；教皇的；n.主教于祭典所用的书；主教的祭服Whats most unendurable to her about him is his pontifical attitude towards his so-called achievement.pontificalpapal罗马教皇的portentous前兆的pompous傲慢的episcopal主教的self-important妄自尊大的grandiose宏伟的pretentious自命不凡的apostolic使徒的grandiloquent辞藻浮华的apostolical使徒的overblown停息的相关的词vehemencevimns热烈，猛烈(n.)Anger,Passion,eagerness,etcTo contain（抑制）the inner vehemence under such an exhilarating（令人振奋的令人振奋的）zlret circumstance is beyond his power.ineffableStandingrightinfrontofher,hefoundhiscomplicatedemotionsstillsoineffable.无法形容的；说不出的；避讳的无法形容的；说不出的；避讳的 indescribable不能用语言表达的.unutterable难以言表的unspeakable不能以言语表达的.indefinable难以说明的inexpressible不能用语言表达的.beyond words无法用语言表达.overwhelming势不可挡的unnamable无以名状的synonym BeprovidedThefoodwasdishedupwhenthegueststooktheirseatsatthediningtable.在客人们就座后，菜就端上来了Bedishedupdecry责难；诽谤Blame,reproach;devalue,depreciationThe gentle mother is no longer able to decry her naughty son seeing that he truly feels guilty.decry sbdecry doing sth adj.讼棍的；骗人的；讲歪理的n.讼棍；诡辩；欺骗Payingtoomuchattentiontounimportant,boringniggling琐碎的detailsThere are quite some pettifogging people whom we may have to confront in our life,even against our wills.PettifoggingOtherwordsplodding单调乏味的plod沉重的走，辛勤工作invective谩骂的，恶言的（n,adj）peevish易怒的，暴躁的enunciate阐明，宣布ill-bred粗野的，无教养的prophet先知creed信条，教义pompous自大的，浮夸的，华而不实的