CCNA全部实验整理内容资料-PPT课件.pptx

Experiment 1 Telnet and Console Router1、Topoloy(experiment specification)IP:172.16.0.100/16Gate:192.1698.0.1f0/0IP:IP:172.16.0.1/162、Router interface configureenableenableconfigure terminalconfigure terminalInterface f0/0Interface f0/0Ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0Ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0No shutNo shut3、Router passwordConfigure terminalConfigure terminalLine vty 0 4Line vty 0 4Password ciscoPassword ciscoLoginLoginExitExitEnable password ciscoEnable password cisco4、Test linkC:Ping 172.16.0.15、Test TelnetC:telnet 172.16.0.1Experiment 2 Basic operation commandEnable、DisableClock set、show clock设置用户模式密码：router(config)#line console 0 router(config-line)#password cisco router(config-line)#login router(config-line)#z设置Telnet密码：router(config)#line vty 0 4 router(config-line)#password ciscotelnet router(config-line)#loginrouter(config-line)#z设置特权模式密码：router(config)#enable password cisco2600 router(config)#enable secret Set-Password router(config)#z给所有密码加密：router(config)#service password-ancryption Set-Password-Here router(config)#no service password-ancryption router(config)#z 设置登录Banner：router(config)#banner motd 分隔符 Set-Banner-Information-Here 分隔符 更改路由器启动顺序：router(config)#boot system flash IOS-FileName router(config)#boot system tftp IOS-FileName TFTP-IP-Address router(config)#boot system rom router(config)#zshow ip int brief PingPing的使用：的使用：router#ping IP-Address router#ping IP-Address router#ping -router#ping -Protocol ipProtocol ip：Protocol-Type -Protocol-Type -Target IP addressTarget IP address：IP-Address-IP-Address -Repeat count 5Repeat count 5：-Datagram size 100Datagram size 100：-Timeout in seconds 2Timeout in seconds 2：-Extended commands nExtended commands n：y-y -Sweep range of sizes nSweep range of sizes n：router#show sessionsrouter#show sessions查看本机上的查看本机上的TELNETTELNET会话会话router#disconnectrouter#disconnect关闭所有的关闭所有的TELNETTELNET会话会话router#show usersrouter#show users查看本机上的用户查看本机上的用户router#erase startup-configrouter#erase startup-config删除删除NVRAMNVRAM中的配置中的配置router#reloadrouter#reload重启路由器重启路由器router(config)#hostname rlrouter(config)#hostname rl配置用户名为配置用户名为rl rlrouter(config)#banner welcome#router(config)#banner welcome#配置开机话语配置开机话语router#show controllers serial0 router#show controllers serial0 查看串口查看串口0 0的物理层信的物理层信息，主要是查看息，主要是查看DTE/DCEDTE/DCErouter#show ip interfacerouter#show ip interface查看端口的查看端口的IPIP配置信息配置信息router#show hostsrouter#show hosts查看主机表查看主机表end or ctrl+zend or ctrl+z从各种配置模式退到从各种配置模式退到特权模式特权模式ShowShow versionShow versionShow running-configShow running-configShow startup-configShow startup-configShow interface*Show interface*Show flashShow flashShow controllers*Show controllers*Show ip arpShow ip arpExperiment 3 Backup,Recovery configuration file and IOS1、TFTP使用!Configuration figure,see experiment 1 2 2、Backup and recovery configuration fileBackup and recovery configuration fileBackup Backup Router#copy running-config ftptRouter#copy running-config ftptRecoveryRecovery Copy tftp running-configCopy tftp running-config3 3、Backup and recovery IOSBackup and recovery IOSBackupBackup Router#dir(or show flash)Router#dir(or show flash)Directory of flash:/Directory of flash:/1 -rw-5849872 c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin 1 -rw-5849872 c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin Router#copy flash tftpRouter#copy flash tftp Source filename?c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.binSource filename?c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin Address or name of remote host?172.16.0.100Address or name of remote host?172.16.0.100 Destination filename c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin?Destination filename c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin?.!.!RecoveryRecovery恢复方法恢复方法1 1：PCPC配置同前，正常启动配置同前，正常启动RouterRouter，路由器的配置方法同上，路由器的配置方法同上 Router#copy tftp flashRouter#copy tftp flash Address or name of remote host 172.16.0.100?Address or name of remote host 172.16.0.100?Source filename c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin?c2600-ipbase-Source filename c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin?c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.binmz.123-6b.bin Destination filename c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin?Destination filename c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin?Accessing tftp:/172.16.0.100/c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin.Accessing tftp:/172.16.0.100/c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin.Erase flash:before copying?confirmErase flash:before copying?confirm Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue?Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue?confirmconfirm Erasing device.Erasing device.eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.erasedeeeeeeee.erased Erase of flash:completeErase of flash:complete Loading c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin from 192.168.1.2(via Loading c2600-ipbase-mz.123-6b.bin from 192.168.1.2(via FastEthernet0/0):!FastEthernet0/0):!恢复方法2：（Rom Monitor方法）pc机的设置：ip地址 172.16.0.100 掩码 255.255.0.0 网关 172.16.0.1（路由器的ip地址）后路由器在 rommon（启动路由器，Ctrl+Break）状态下输入：（注意大小写）rommon 1 IP_ADDRESS rommon 1 IP_ADDRESS172.16.0.1(172.16.0.1(路由器的路由器的ipip地址地址)rommon 2 IP_SUBNET_MASK rommon 2 IP_SUBNET_MASK255.255.0.0255.255.0.0（路由器的掩（路由器的掩码）码）rommon 3 DEFAULT_GATEWAYrommon 3 DEFAULT_GATEWAY172.167.0.100172.167.0.100（网关，（网关，是是pcpc机的机的ipip地址）地址）rommon 4 TFTP_SERVERrommon 4 TFTP_SERVER192.168.0.100192.168.0.100（是（是pcpc机的机的ipip地地址）址）rommon 5 TFTP_FILErommon 5 TFTP_FILEc2600-i-mz.122-12c2600-i-mz.122-12（上传文件的（上传文件的名称）名称）rommon 6 syncrommon 6 sync（保存）（保存）rommon 7 setrommon 7 set（查看）（查看）rommon 8 tftpdnldrommon 8 tftpdnld（传送文件）出现提示选择（传送文件）出现提示选择y yInvoke this command for disaster recovery only.Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING:all existing data in all partitions on flash will be WARNING:all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!lost!Do you wish to continue?y/n:n:yDo you wish to continue?y/n:n:yReceiving c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin from 172.16.0.100 Receiving c2600-i-mz.122-8.T5.bin from 172.16.0.100!Experiment 4 Password RecoveryCancel password：冷关机，然后再开机并在60秒内按+进入ROM监视器模式:rommon confreg 0 x2142i （重启）进入setup模式，使用ctrl+c或者回答n恢复：router enable router#copy startup-config running-config router#configure terminal router(config)#enable password cisco2600(如果还有别的密码，一一配置好)router(config)#config-register 0 x2102 router(config)#z(exit)router#copy running-config startup-config router#reloadExperiment 5 Reverse Telnet注意：注意：ConsoleConsole口和口和AuxAux口的连接要用反转线。两口的连接要用反转线。两台路由器之间的切换用台路由器之间的切换用Ctrl+Shift+6,Ctrl+Shift+6,后按后按X X。interface loopback 0interface loopback 0Ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0Ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0exitexitshow lineshow lineline aux 0line aux 0transport input alltransport input allExitExitip host r2 2065 1.1.1.1ip host r2 2065 1.1.1.1clear line 65clear line 65Experiment 6 Direct Connection Network and Static RoutingTopologyS0/0:IP:192.168.1.1/24R1S0/0:IP:192.168.1.2/24f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1/24f0/0IP:1.1.1.1/24IP:1.1.1.2、24Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2/24Gate:2.2.2.1R1:Ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0Ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0oror：Ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2Ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2R2Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0oror：Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1TestShow ip routeShow ip routePingPingExperiment 6(2)Static Route and Default RouteS0/0:IP:192.168.1.1R1S0/1:IP:192.168.2.1f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1f0/0IP:1.1.1.1IP:1.1.1.2Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2Gate:2.2.2.1S0/0:IP:192.168.1.2S0/0:IP:192.168.2.2f0/0:IP:3.3.3.1IP:3.3.3.2Gate:3.3.3.1Basic configuration(see last experiment)R1：Config tConfig tIp route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.2Ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.2.3.3.3.0.3.3.3.0.23.23.23.023.23.23.0R2:Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.1Ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.13.3.3.0 3.3.3.0.s0/1.s0/1R3:Ip route 1.1.1.0 Ip route 1.1.1.0.s0/1.s0/1.2.2.2.0.2.2.2.0 12.12.12.0 12.12.12.0TestUsing default route in R1，R3（Notice：Delete the former configuration）R1R1：Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2R3:R3:Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1 Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1TopologyTopology See experiment 6 See experiment 6（2 2）RIP V1 Basic Configuration(configuration in RIP V1 Basic Configuration(configuration in every Router)every Router)R1 configurationR1 configuration interface f0/0interface f0/0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 interface S0/0interface S0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 router riprouter rip network 1.1.1.0 network 1.1.1.0 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.1.0 clockrate 128000clockrate 128000（if DCEif DCE）Version 1Version 1Experiment 7 RIPTestShow ip routeShow ip routePingPingShow ip protocolsShow ip protocolsClear ip route*Clear ip route*Debug ip ripDebug ip rip RIP V2:interface F0/0interface F0/0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 interface S0/0interface S0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 router riprouter rip network 1.1.1.0 network 1.1.1.0 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.1.0 clockrate 128000(if DCE)clockrate 128000(if DCE)Version 2Version 2Routing SummaryRouting Summary：Configure 3 loopback ports in R3(remove the PC link and Configure 3 loopback ports in R3(remove the PC link and the configuration of last experiment)the configuration of last experiment)：Interface loopback0Interface loopback0 Ip address 3.3.0.3 255.255.255.0Ip address 3.3.0.3 255.255.255.0 Interface loopback1 Interface loopback1 Ip address 3.3.1.3 255.255.255.0Ip address 3.3.1.3 255.255.255.0 Interface loopback2 Interface loopback2 Ip address 3.3.2.3 255.255.255.0Ip address 3.3.2.3 255.255.255.0Manual summaryManual summary Router ripRouter rip Version 2Version 2 No auto-summaryNo auto-summary Network 192.168.2.0Network 192.168.2.0 Network 3.0.0.0Network 3.0.0.0 clockrate 128000 clockrate 128000 Version 2Version 2 No auto-summaryNo auto-summary interface S0/0interface S0/0 ip summary-address rip 3.3.0.0 255.255.252.0(ip summary-address rip 3.3.0.0 255.255.252.0(手工汇总手工汇总)Show ip routeShow ip routeAuto-summaryRouter ripRouter ripAuto-summaryAuto-summaryinterface S0/0interface S0/0 no ip summary-address rip 4.4.0.0 255.255.252.0 no ip summary-address rip 4.4.0.0 255.255.252.0Clear ip route*Clear ip route*Trigger update接口模式：接口模式：IP rip triggeredIP rip triggeredExperiment 8 IGRPTopologyS0/0:IP:192.168.1.1R1S0/0:IP:192.168.1.2f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1f0/0IP:1.1.1.1IP:1.1.1.2Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2Gate:2.2.2.1Basic Configrationrouter igrp 1router igrp 1network 1.0.0.0network 1.0.0.0network 192.0.0.0network 192.0.0.0Experiment 9 EIGRPTopologyS0/0:IP:192.168.1.1R1S0/1:IP:192.168.2.1f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1f0/0IP:1.1.1.1IP:1.1.1.2Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2Gate:2.2.2.1S0/0:IP:192.168.1.2S0/0:IP:192.168.2.2f0/0:IP:3.3.3.1IP:3.3.3.2Gate:3.3.3.1Basic ConfigurationR1:Router eigrp*(AS)Network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255Network.TroubleshootingShow ip eigrp neighborsShow run|b r rRouting summaryJust like the summary of RIP V2Ip summary-address eigrp 1 3.3.0.0 255.255.252.0EIGRP AuthenticationR1:Key chain ccnaKey 1Key-string ciscoInterface s0/0Ip authentication mode eigrp 1 md5Ip authentication key-chain eigrp 1 ccna Confure the other routers like this;Notice the interfaces you use;If there are more than one link in a router,you must configure MD5 authentication in every WAN(Serial)interface.Experiment 10 OSPFTopologyS0/0:IP:12.12.12.1R1S0/0:IP:12.12.12.2f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1f0/0IP:1.1.1.1IP:1.1.1.2Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2Gate:2.2.2.1Basic ConfigurationRouter ospf*(Process)Network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area*(AS)Network.TroubleshootingShow ip ospf neighborShow ip osfp interfaceShow ip route ospfShow ip ospf databaseClear ip ospfOSPF AuthenticationR1:router ospf 1 area 0 authentication message-digest interface *ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 ciscoR2:Just like what mentioned aboveExperiment 11 HDLC and PPP1 TopologyS0/0:IP:192.168.1.1R1S0/0:IP:192.168.1.2f0/0:IP:2.2.2.1f0/0IP:1.1.1.1IP:1.1.1.2Gate:1.1.1.1IP:2.2.2.2Gate:2.2.2.12 Configure the network and confirm the connectivity3 Show interface s0/04 PPP encapsulationInterface s0/0Encapsulation ppp5 PAP authentication5 PAP authentication单向认证单向认证单向认证单向认证：R1:R1:Interface s0/0Interface s0/0Ppp authentication papPpp authentication papConfig tConfig tUsername R2 password 654321Username R2 password 654321R2:R2:Interface s0/0Interface s0/0Ppp pap sent-username R2 password 654321Ppp pap sent-username R2 password 654321PingPing双向认证：双向认证：R2:Ppp authenticationConfig tUsername R1 password 123456R1:Ppp pap sent-username R1 password 123456Debug ppp authenticationUndebug all6 Chap authentication 删除上述认证内容，将所有PAP的地方换为CHAP，而且CHAP要求认证双方密码要一样。Experiment 12 Switch password and IOS Recovery1、TopologyStep 1 Configure switchStep 1 Configure switchSwitchenableSwitchenableSwitch#configure terminalSwitch#configure terminalSwitch(config)#hostname Switch_ASwitch(config)#hostname Switch_ASwitch_A(config)#enable secret classSwitch_A(config)#enable secret classSwitch_A(config)#enable password ciscoSwitch_A(config)#enable password ciscoSwitch_A(config)#line con 0Switch_A(config)#line con 0Switch_A(config-line)#password ciscoSwitch_A(config-line)#password ciscoSwitch_A(config-line)#loginSwitch_A(config-line)#loginSwitch_A(config-line)#line vty 0 15Switch_A(config-line)#line vty 0 15Switch_A(config-line)#password ciscoSwitch_A(config-line)#password ciscoSwitch_A(config-line)#loginSwitch_A(config-line)#loginSwitch_A(config-line)#exitSwitch_A(config-line)#exitStep 2 Configure management addressinterface Vlan 1ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0no shutdownexitip default-gateway 192.168.1.1end Step 3 Link to switchConsoleTelnetWebStep 4 Password RecoveryPush the Model key and setup the switchPush the Model key and setup the switchFlash_initFlash_initLoad_helperLoad_helperDir flashDir flashRename flash:config.text flash:config.oldRename flash:config.text flash:config.oldBootBootEnableEnableRename flash:config.old flash:config.textRename flash:config.old flash:config.textCopy flash:config.text flash:runing-configCopy flash:config.text flash:runing-configConfig tConfig tEnable secret ciscoEnable secret ciscoExitExitCopy running-config startup-configCopy running-config startup-configStep 5 IOS RecoveryMethod 1:TFTPMethod 1:TFTPCopy tftp flashCopy tftp flashThen input the required information and waitThen input the required information and waitMethod 2:XModemMethod 2:XModemLink console portLink console portFlash_initFlash_initFlash_helperFlash_helperCopy XModel:flash:*(IOS name)Copy XModel:flash:*(IOS name)Transfer using HyperTerminal(Transfer-Transfer using HyperTerminal(Transfer-.).)Notice:The rate is Very Very Very slow,Just like a Notice:The rate is Very Very Very slow,Just like a SICK SNAIL!SICK SNAIL!Experiment 13 VLAN ConfigurationTopologyStep 1 Configure switchStep 1 Configure switchSwitchSwitchSwitchenableSwitchenableSwitch#configure terminalSwitch#configure terminalSwitch(config)#hostname Switch_ASwitch(config)#hostname Switch_ASwitch_A(config)#enable secret classSwitch_A(config)#enable secret classSwitch_A(config)#enable password ciscoSwitch_A(config)#enable password ciscoSwitch_A(config)#line con 0Switch_A(config)#line con 0Switch_A(config-line)#pass