2022年河北省秦皇岛市桥梁厂子弟中学高三英语测试题含解析.docx

2022年河北省秦皇岛市桥梁厂子弟中学高三英语测试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. Nowadays people take___ exercise a day as they did in the past because of widely used automobiles.
A. less than half                      B. less than as half as
C. less than half as much D. half less than
参考答案：
C
略
2. – I heard your mother leave for Europe by air. Why didn’t you go there with her?
– I _____. But I _____ a fashion design competition two days away.
A. would; will have attended                           B. would have; attended
C. would have; will be attending                    D. will; am attending
参考答案：
C
略
3. Beyond_____stars,the astronauts saw nothing but_____space.
  A.the./       B./,the     C./,/       D.the,the
参考答案：
A
4. The petrol tank is empty. I _________it up before we left home.
A.had to fill          B.would have filled
C.should have filled    D.could have filled
参考答案：
C
5. Chinese people will learn from other countries with different political systems and at different development stages ________ their differences.
  A. permit          B.deposit           C. tolerate         D. appreciate
参考答案：
C
略
6. My father expressed his great ________over my health when leaving,_____that he will come to see me again next month.
A. care;added   B. concern;adding   C. interest;having added  D. attention;but added
参考答案：
B
解析： 句意是“父亲临走前向我表示了对我的健康的关心,又说下个月再来看我。”。表示“对……关心”常用concern about/over;第二个空在语法功能上是伴随状语,add(补充说)与主语My father是主动关系,所以要用现在分词。
7. --Are you kidding? You want to enter the new face model competition?
    --Don’t laugh ! ________.
A. I’ll take it      B. I’ve got it     C. I mean it      D. I guess it
参考答案：
C
8. I am ________ the government as well as to the general public for just treatment ________ peasant-workers，who have made great contributions to the improvement of city life.
A．asking；on behalf of                 B．applying；in the name of
C．demanding；in the name of           D．appealing to；on behalf of
参考答案：
D
9. South Korean pop singer Chae Yeon came to Beijing on March 18th to__________ her new album My Love．
A．relieve      B．release    C．collect        D．investigate
参考答案：
B
10. To the man’s relief, he could　　　　stations all over Europe with his new radio.
A.set up B.pick up C.take up D.bring up
参考答案：
B
考查动词短语。句意:令这个人感到欣慰的是,通过新买的收音机,他可以收听全欧洲的电台了。pick up意为"接收(信号),收听(电台)",符合语境
11. After repeated failures and disappointments，he still keeps on trying because he believes that failure is a       condition.
A. punctual      B. temporary           C. permanent                D. relevant
参考答案：
B
12. _______, her hands shook constantly and violently.
A．Knowing her son killed in the accident    
B．When she knew her son was killed in the accident
C．Known her son killed in the accident     
D．She knew her son killed in the accident
参考答案：
B
13. I’d like to buy a house --- modern, firm, comfortable, and ________ in a quiet neighbor-
hood.
   A. in all            B. above all         C. after all          D. at all
参考答案：
B
略
14. ______ a clear head when in danger and you’ll protect yourself from serious harm.
A. To keep    B. If you keep
C. Keeping    D. Keep
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：面对危险的时候，保持头脑清醒，那么你会保护自己免遭严重的伤害。分析句子可知，本句为句型祈使句+and+陈述句，故选D。
【点睛】祈使句+ and + 陈述句。
祈使句，+ and + 陈述句: 在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and）。
Give blood ( if you can )and many lives will be saved.
还可以用简短的形式表示，即省略动词。
Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）==One more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（名词短语）== If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.（if条件句）==If I am given one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.== Given one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.
15. If you don’t take professional pride ___ your work, you’re probably ___ the wrong job.
  A. of; in         B. in; of         C. in; on            D. in; in
参考答案：
D
16. It is bad _______ to talk with your finger ______ at the other person.
A. manners, points B. manner, to point C. manners, pointing D. manner, pointed
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查名词的数和非谓语动词。句意：用手指着别人说话是不礼貌的。第一个空考查manner当"礼貌"讲时必须用复数形式，短语bad manners“不礼貌；坏习惯”；第二个空考查"with+宾语+宾语补足语"，your finger与point at是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作宾补，第二空应填pointing。故选C。
【点睛】With复合结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下：
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语
4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式
5. with或without-名词/代词+分词
本题中第二个空考查"with+宾语+宾语补足语"，your finger与point at主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作宾补，第二空应填pointing。
17. The young backpacker always ____________ at the youth hostel when he’s in Kathmandu.
  A. puts up          B. sets down       C. come about       D. takes up
参考答案：
A
33. ________ the rising temperature and higher seas wouldn’t have had a direct effect on dinosaurs, they could have played an indirect role in their decline in numbers.
A. Until   B. Unless  C. While   D. Since
参考答案：
C
二、 短文改错
19. 短文改错 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Dear Sir,
How are you? As an exchange student, I am writing to
tell you I would prefer to move into a single room in next
term, as I found it inconvenient to share a room with others.
My roommate often holds parties at night, made much noise.
Besides, his friends are always visiting him, that disturbs me
a lot. So I hope to draw your attentions to this problem. If
you think in my position, I am sure he will agree that the
only solution for me is get a room of my own, one not in the
same building and as near to the school campus as possible.
I would be thankfully if you could do me the favor.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming

66. ________________
67. ________________
68. ________________
69. ________________
70. ________________
71. ________________
72. ________________
73. ________________
74. ________________
75. ________________
参考答案：
66. 正确                      67. 去掉in                   68. found-find        69. made-making
70. that-which                     71. attentions-attention   72. he-you             73. is后加to
74. and-but                        75. thankfully-thankful
略
20. 每句有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:每处错误及其修改均限一词。
1. We refused to let him know any information concerned the research project.
2. Many tents have put up to provide temporary housing for the people in the disaster-hit area.
3. Dentists must take great care in moving all their equipments.
4. The workers refused to give in the manager’s demands for working on weekends.
5. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, so will anyone else.
6. Before the race really started, the cyclist Armstrong, as well as his teammates, were waiting at the starting line.
7. After school, the students walked out of the classroom one after other.
8. There is a long break between the second class and the third class where we can play on the playground.
9 More and more people attach importance to reduce greenhouse gas emission.
10. It was a great fun especially as it gradually become much warmer.
参考答案：
1. concerned → concerning
2. have 后加been
3. equipments →equipment
4. in 后加to
5. so →neither/ nor
6. were →was
7. other →-another
8. where →when
9. reduce →reducing
10. 去掉a
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我们拒绝让他知道任何有关研究项目的信息。根据句意可知，此处应使用介词concerning“关于”。故concerned改为concerning。
2.考查语态。句意：许多帐篷已经被搭起来，为灾区人民提供临时住房。分析句子可知，主语Many tents 与 谓语put up为被动关系，且句子为现在完成时 ，此处应使用被动语态。故have后加been。
3.考查名词。句意：牙医在移动他们所有的设备时必须非常小心。equipment“设备”是不可数名词。故equipments改为equipment。
4.考查介词。句意：工人们拒绝向经理提出的周末工作的要求让步。短语：give in to sb.“向某人屈服/让步”。故in后加to。
5.考查部分倒装。句意：我永远不会知道他当时在想什么，别人也不会知道。当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用neither或nor进行简略陈述。故so改为neither/ nor。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：在比赛真正开始前，自行车手阿姆斯特朗和他的队友们都在起跑线上等着。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致。故were改为was。
7.考查代词。句意：放学后，学生们一个接一个地走出教室。短语：one after another“一个接一个”。故other改为another。
8.考查副词。句意：第二节课和第三节课之间有一个很长的休息时间，我们可以在操场上玩。根据句意及句子成分分析可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是a long break，关系词在从句中做时间状语，应使用关系副词when引导。故where改为when。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的人重视减少温室气体排放。短语：attach importance to“重视”，to是介词，应使用动名词。故reduce改为reducing。
10.考查名词。句意：这是非常有趣的，特别是当它逐渐变得更温暖。fun“快乐，乐趣”，是不可数名词。故去掉a。
【点睛】so/neither/nor+系列动词/情态动词/助动词+主语：若表示另外一人也如何如何，则采用倒装形式，把系列动词，情态动词，助动词等提到主语之前；若主语为同一人，表示其就是如何，是系动词等不用提前。
若句子为否定句，则用neither, nor ,如：
I don’t know, nor do I care.我不知道，也不关心。
若前句既有肯定又有否定，或并列谓语形式不一致，则采用so it is…with…，或It is the same with…的结构，如：
——He is writer and has written a lot of works .
——So it is with me. ( 或It is the same with me)
此时说明我也是作家，也写了很多作品。若用so am I 只能说明我是作家。若用so have I 只能说明我也写了很多作品。再如：
——He is good at English, but doesn’t do well in maths.
——It is the same with me. (或So it is with me )
若用So am I 或Nor do I则只能分别说明其中一个方面。
分析小题5可知，当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用neither或nor进行简略陈述。故so改为neither/ nor。
三、 阅读理解
21. Humans make mistakes．Even surgeons with years of experience are not infallible．But what if these doctors could pool their knowledge and experience together and create a surgical standard of care，to be carried out by machines？
That's the idea behind surgical robots，which may soon perform most surgeries，from sewing up tiny wounds to performing heart procedures．Many of these operations are，in fact，already completed with the assistance of robots．But a recent test suggests that robots in the operating room may soon go a step further，performing on soft tissue completely on their own，from start to finish．
The Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot（STAR），successfully completed surgeries on pigs．"We're the first group to develop autonomous robotic surgery with soft-tissue surgery，and when compared to standard operation，it's better，"says Peter Kim，professor of surgery．"The idea is not to replace surgeons；it will make the surgeons better and make the procedures safer．"
A recent Mayo Clinic study found that major surgical errors-including operating on the wrong site or side of the body，or even leaving tools or objects inside the patient-occur every one out of 22，000 procedures．That's rare，but robots like STAR would aim to lower the number even further．
In the da Vinci surgical system，surgeons place their arms inside instruments and use their hands to control the movement of robotic tools on the operating table from afar．The robot's every major move is controlled by surgeons，and thus its results may vary based on the surgeon's training or experience．
STAR，on the other hand，is entirely autonomous．It's not only able to work on its own and perform surgeries with a more flexible "hand"，but it's able to react to the unexpected incidents．Cutting into hard tissue like bones is one thing，but operating on moving soft tissue is far more complex．STAR reacts to a changing environment，similar to how self-driving cars are programmed to not only drive on the highway，but also react to another driver making a mistake and getting in your way．
32.The underlined word "infallible" in Paragraph 1probably means ______ ．
A. quite smart B. really creative    C. rather responsible   D. always right
33.We can learn from the passage that STAR ______ ．
A. can perform the operation on its own
B. has been widely used in the operating room
C. can make surgeries much faster
D. will take the place of surgeons
34.In the da Vinci surgical system， ______ ．
A. robots are trained from afar B. robots always make mistakes
C. surgery results depend on surgeons D. surgeons have trouble controlling robots
35.In the last paragraph，the author mentions self-driving cars in order to show ______ ．
A. how smart an autonomous robot can be
B. how difficult self-driving on the highway is
C. how bad getting in another driver's way might be
D. how dangerous operating on people is．
参考答案：
32-35 DACA
短文主要描述了智能组织自动机器人的发明能帮助外科医生进行手术，展示了现代机器人的有效性和实用性．
D，词义猜测题，根据前面提到的Humans make mistakes"人都会犯错误"，可以推测即使有着多年经验的外科医生也不总是对的，故答案为D．
33．A，细节理解题，根据句子But a recent test suggests that robots in the operating room may soon go a step further，performing on soft tissue completely on their own，from start to finish．可知，STAR会自己进行手术，故答案为A．
34．C，细节理解题，根据句子The robot's every major move is controlled by surgeons，and thus its results may vary based on the surgeon's training or experience．可知，达芬奇手术系统的结果完全取决于外科医生的水平，故答案为C．
35．A 细节理解题，根据句子STAR reacts to a changing environment，similar to how self-driving cars are programmed to not only drive on the highway，but also react to another driver making a mistake and getting in your way．可知，自动驾驶汽车不仅能在高速公路行走，还能根据不同的情境做出反应，作者提及自动驾驶汽车为了说明现在的自动机器人是如何聪明，故答案为A．
22. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项     A．B，C，D中，选出最佳选项。
Salt plays an important role in our daily diet． Even a small reduction in salt in the． diet can be a big help to the heart． A new study used a computer model to predict-how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States．
The result: Thirteen percent fewer heart attacks． Eight percent fewer strokes （中风）． Four percent fewer deaths． Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease． And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings． Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year．
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine． Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author． She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams,    or one-half teaspoon,  less salt per day． The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University．
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium （钠）,  which is how foods may list their salt content．
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day． The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people． It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen． Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure．
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative． The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants． Critics call it government interference．
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information． Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children． Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part． Half had McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food．Parents given the counts chose an average of one hundred two fewer calories when asked what they would order for their children． Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods t