动词的六种形态和十八种时态.doc

l 动词的六种形式
英语中的每一句话都必须要有主语和谓语动词，主语就像人的头，而谓语动词就像心脏一样重要。只要有了主语和谓语动词就可以基本构成一个简单的英语句子；一句话缺了谓语动词就够不成一句话；而英语说的每一句话都要表示一种时态或语态，还要表示出说话的人是单数还是复数。所以英语中的每一个动词都要有六种表现形式。

名称
动词：做
动词：学习
动词:打断
be动词
1.动词原形
Do
Study
Break
Am/is/are(复数）
2.动词第三人称单数
Does
Studies
Breaks
is
3.动词过去式
Did
Studied
broke
Was（单三）were（复数）
4.动词ing形式
Doing
Studying
breaking
Being
5.动词过去分词
Done
Studied
broken
Been
6.动词不定式
To do
To study
To break

注：be动词有两种含义，既可以表示状态，翻译为“是、存在、有”，又可以做助动词，此时没有词义，只是帮助一般动词构成一种语态或时态；它还有一种特殊功能，直接构成否定句和疑问句；而一般动词构成否定句和疑问句时必须加助动词；
Do也有两种含义，1.可以作为一般动词解释为“做”；2.主要作为助动词，帮助构成否定句和疑问句；当do作为一般动词出现时，其否定句和疑问句还要再加助动词do；

动词的十六种时态

时态

一般动词do（做）

一般动词break（打断）

一般动词study（学习）
一

组
1.一般现在时
Do/does(单三）
Break/breaks
Study/studies
2.一般过去时
Did（没有单三形式）
Broke（过去式）
Studied
3.一般将来时
Will + do
Will + break
Will +study
4.一般过去将来时
Would + do
Would + break
Would + study
进行时态用be动词：am/is/are表示进行,帮助一般动词构成进行时态，一般动词 + ing;
二

组
5.现在进行时
Am/is/are + doing
现在式
Am/is are + breaking
Am/is/are + studying
6.过去进行时
Was/were + doing
过去式
Was/were + breaking
Was/were + studying
7.将来进行时
Will + be + doing
表将来 be表进行
Will + be + breaking
Will + be +studying
8.过去将来进行时
Would +be +doing
Would + be + breaking
Will + be + studying
完成时态用助动词：have/has/had来表示完成，帮助一般动词的过去分词形式（done）构成完成时态
三

组
9.现在完成时
Have/has + done
Have/has + broken(过去分词）
Have/has + studied
10.过去完成时
Had + done
Had + broken
Had + studied
11.将来完成时
Will + have + done
Will + have + broken
Will + have + studied
12.过去将来完成时
Would+ have +done
Would + have +broken
Would + have +studied
助动词have/has/had表示完成，be动词的过去分词been表示进行
四

组
13.现在完成进行时
Have/has+been+doing
Have/has + been + breaking
Have/hss + been +stuiying
14.过去完成进行时
Had + been + doing
Had + been + breaking
Had + been + studying
15.将来完成进行时
Will + have+been+doing
Will + have + been + breaking
Will + have + been + studying
16.过去将来完成进行时
Would+have+been+doing
Would + have + been + breaking;
Would + have + been + studying