动词ing的被动语态.doc

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动词ing形式的被动结构
动词ing形式包括动名词和现在分词两种形式，因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。
一、动名词的被动语态
1．当动名词逻辑上的主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象时，动名词一般要用它的被动式。
He can't stand being laughed at. 他忍受不了被别人嘲笑。
So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。
2．动名词的主动形式表被动含义
(1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。
The radio needs repairing.
＝The radio needs to be repaired. 这台收音机需要修理了。
(2)be worth后常跟动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。
The book is worth reading again.
＝The book is worthy of being read again. 这本书值得再读一遍。
My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了
The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下
二、现在分词的被动语态
其构成为being/having been＋过去分词。
如果现在分词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，则应用现在分词的被动形式。
The building being built is our library. 正在被建的这座楼是我们的图书馆。
Having been given the good chance，how could I give it up？既然给了这么好的机会，我又怎么能放弃？
注意：当分词所表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生或正在进行，则用being＋过去分词；当分词所表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生则用having been＋过去分词。
(1)作定语
That building being repaired is our library.正在翻修的那座楼是我们的图书馆
He asked who was the man being operated on.他问这时动手术的人是谁
(2)构成复合结构
You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题
He often watched the boated being unloaded. 他常常看轮船卸货
(3)作状语
Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.
有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝
Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe. 有一堵厚墙掩护着，他们感到很安全
有时还有完成被动形式：
Having been given such a good chance, how could se let it slip away?
人家给了她这样一个好机会，她怎么能轻易放过？
The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan.
决议既已做出，下个问题就是如何制定一个好的规划了
【链接训练】
1.________，we were taken to see the library.
A．We had been shown around the classrooms B．Being shown around the classrooms
C．Having been shown around the classrooms D．Having shown around the classrooms
2.________ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience.
A．Having caught B．Being caught C．Caught D．Having been caught
3.Wild animals ________ and killed at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A．hunt B．are hunting C．are being hunted D．had been hunted
4.What worried me most was ________ to go abroad alone.
A．my not allowing B．having not allowed
C．my not being allowed D．my being not allowed
5.Research ________ out supports my idea that our company should take action in no time.
A．to carry B．carrying C．being carried D．having carried
6. in a famous university is what most students wish for.
A. To educate B. Educated C. Being educated D. Educating世纪金榜世纪
7. The little girl sat on the ground, ______.
A. cried B. cry C. crying D. cries
8. Victor apologized for _________ to inform me of the change in the plan. .
A. his being not able B. his not being able C. him not to be D. him to be not able
9 _____ her picture book _____ open on the chair, Mary went out for lunch.
A. Leaving, lay B. Left, lying C. Left, laid D. Leaving, lying
10. ---Where were you yesterday? I didn’t find you _____ the concert!
---I had not been informed of _____ a concert.
A. attend; there to be B. attending; there being C. attended; there be D. to attend; there been
11. I remembered_______the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked
12._____an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
13. ___ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
14. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told

答案1-5.　CBCCC 6~10 CCBDB
11. 【解析】选D。Remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，如果选择A，这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能选择答案A. C 和D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时间更早，没有必要。
12.【解析】选B。非谓语动词—动词现在分词做状语，动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。
13. 解析】选A。 考查现在分词作状语，此处表原因，并且the postman和bite的关系为被动。
14. 【解析】选D 考查非谓语的用法。tell与主语之间的关系是被动和完成的关系，所以用having been done来表示被动和完成。

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