英语四级综合知识要点汇编.pdf
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1、英语四级综合知识要点汇编提纲式作文1.对立观点式A.有人认为X 是好事,赞成X,为什么?B.有人认为X是坏事,反对X,为什么?C.我的看宏0Some people are in favor of the id ea of d oing X.They point out the fact that 支持 X 的第一个原因 They also argue that 支持X的另一个原因。However,other people stand on a d ifferent ground.They consid er it harmful to d o X.They firmly point out t
2、hat 反对 X 的 第一个理由。An example can give the d etails of this argument:一个例子。There is some truth in b oth arguments.But I think the ad vantages of X overweigh the d isad vantages.In ad d ition to the ab ovementioned negative effects it might b ring ab out,X also may X的有一个坏处。2.批驳观点式A.一个错误观点,B.我不同意。M ary p
3、eople argue that 错误观点。By saying that,they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(Accord ing to a survey performed b y X on a group of Y,almost 80%of them 赞成 这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)There might b e some element of truth ir these people s b elief.But if we consid er it ir d epth,we
4、will feel no reservation to conclud e that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a numb er of reasons b ehind my b elief.(以下参照辩论文 的议论文写宏)o3.社会问题(现象)式A.一个社会问题或者现象。B.产生的原因C.对社会和我们生活的影响D.如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E.前景的预测。Nowad ays,there exists ar increasingly serious sod al/ecoromic/ervirormerital prob lem.(X has increasingly b ec
5、ome a common concern of the pub lic).Accord ing to a survey,调查内藤说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。There are a couple of reasons b ooming this prob lem/pheromerion.下面参照辩论式议论文的写序。X has caused sub stantial impact on the society and our d aily life,which has b eer articulated 裹达)ir the following aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写序。A
6、 d ozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from b ringing us more harm.参照辩论式议论文的写宏。Based on the ab ove d iscussions,I car easily forecast that more and more people will.写作模板-图表式作文It is ob vious ir the graph/tab le that the rate/rumb er/amourit of Y has und ergone d ramatic charges.It has
7、gone up/grown/faller/d ropped consid erab ly ir recent years(as X varies).At the point of(接近)X1,Y reaches its peak value of(多少).What is the reason for this charge?M ainly there are 一(多少)reasons b ehind the situation reflected ir the graphic/tab le.First of all,(第一个原因)M ore importantly,(第二个原因).M ost
8、important of all,(第三 个原因).From the ab ove d iscussions,we have enough reason to pred ict what will happen in the near future.The trend d escrib ed in the graph/tab le will continue for quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken 括号里 的使用 于那 些不太好的变化趋势).写作模板辩论式议论文模版1Some people b elieve(argue
9、,recognize,think)that 观点 1.But other people take an opposite sid e.They firmly b elieve that 观点 2.As for me,I agree to the former/latter id ea.There are a d ozen of reasons b ehind my b elief.First of all,论据LM ore importantly,论据 2.M ost important of all,论据 3.In summary,总结观点.As a college stud ent,I a
10、m supposed to表决心.或 From ab ove,we can pred ict that 预测.模版2People hold d ifferent views ab out X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点 1,while others point out that 观点 2.As far as I am concerned,the former/latter opinion hold s more weight.For one thing,论据 1.For another,论据 2.Last b ut not the least,
11、论据 3.To conclud e,总结观点.As a college stud ent,I am supposed to表决心.或 From ab ove,we can pred ict that 预测.模版3There is no consensus kanisensas 致 of opinions among people ab out X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点 1,while others take an opposite sid e,firmly b elieving that 观点 2。As far as I am c
12、oncerned,the former/latter notion(观念)is preferab le in many senses.The reasons are ob vious.First of all,论据 1 0Furthermo 论据 2。Among all of the supporting evid ences,one is the strongest.That is,论据 3。A natural conclusion from the ab ove d iscussion is that 总结 观点。As a college stud ent,I am supposed to
13、 表决心.或 From ab ove,we can pred ict that 预测 常用句型:1.表示原因1)There are three reasons for this.2)The reasons for this are as follows.3)The reason for this is ob vious.4)The reason for this is not far to seek.5)The reason for this is that.6)We have good reason to b elieve that.例:There are three reasons for
14、 the charges that have taker place ir ourlife.Firstly,people s living stand ard has b eer greatly improved.Second ly,most people are well paid,and they car afford what they reed or like.Last b ut not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy mod ern life.注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Great charges h
15、ave taken place ir our life.There are three reasons for this.这样写可以 避免套用 中 的表达失误02.表示好处1)It has the following ad vantages.2)It d oes us a lot of good.3)It b enefits us quite a lot.4)It is b eneficial to us.5)It is of great b enefit to us.例:Books are like friend s.They car help us know the world b ett
16、er,and they can open our mind s and wid en our horizons.Therefore,read ing extensively is of great b enefit to us.3.表示坏处1)It has more d isad vantages than ad vantages.2)It d oes us much harm.3)It is harmfulto us.例:However,everything d ivid es into two.Television car also b e harmful to us.It car d o
17、 harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.4 表示重要、必要、国难、方便、可能1)It is important(necessary,d ifficult,convenient,possib le)for sb.to d o sth.2)We think it necessary to d o sth.3)It plays ar important role ir ourlife.例:Computers are row b eing used everywhere,whe
18、ther ir the government,ir schools or ir b usiness.Soon,computers will b e found ir every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing ar increasingly important role ir our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5.表示措施1)We should take some effective measures.2)We should try
19、our b est to overcome(conquer)the d ifficulties.3)We should d o our utmost ir d oing sth.4)We should solve the prob lems that we are confronted(faced)with.例:The housing prob lem that we are confronted with is b ecoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.
20、6.表示变化1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years.2)A great charge will certainly b e prod uced ir the world s commuricatiors.3)The computer has b rought ab out(导致)many charges ir ed ucation.例:Some charges have taken place ir peoples d iet ir the past five years.The major reasons for thes
21、e charges are not far to seek.Nowad ays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetab le to milk for vitamins.7.表示事实、现技1)We carrot ignore the fact that.2)No one car d eny the fact that.3)There is no d enying the fact that.4)This is a phenomenon that man
22、y people are interested in.5)However,that s not the case.例:We carrot ignore the fact that ind ustrialization b rings with it the prob lems of pollution.To solve these prob lems,we car start b y ed ucating the pub lic ab out the hazard s(危害)of pollution.The government on its part should also d esign
23、stricter laws to promote a clearer environment.8.表示匕匕较1)Compared with A,B.2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3)There is a striking contrast b etween them.例:Compared with cars,b icycles have several ad vantages b esid es b eing afford ab le.Firstly,they d o not consume natural resources of petro
24、l(石 油).Second ly,they d o not cause the pollution prob lem.Last b ut not least,they contrib ute to people s health b y giving them d ue physical exercise.9.表示数量1)It has increased(d ecreased)from.to.2)The population in this city has now increased(d ecreased)to 80 0,0 0 0.3)The output of July ir this
25、factory increased b y 15%compared with that of January.例:With the improvement of the living stand ard,the proportion(匕匕例)of people s income spent on food has d ecreased while that spent on ed ucation has increased.再如:From the graph listed ab ove,itcar b e seen that stud ent use of computers has incr
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