2022届高考英语一轮总复习-练案32-选修7-Unit-2-Robots练习新人教版.doc

2022届高考英语一轮总复习 练案32 选修7 Unit 2 Robots练习新人教版

2022届高考英语一轮总复习 练案32 选修7 Unit 2 Robots练习新人教版

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选修七　Unit 2　Robots
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·河南省高三一轮复习诊断调研联考)
Peer pressure leads many high school students to follow the crowd and not do what they believe is right.I was one of them.It took me two years of high school to realize that I was 1.C to stand on my own feet and 2.D the challenge of wrestling.And I have grown from this experience.
Wrestling has a long history in my 3.B .My grandfather and my two uncles wrestled and were 4.D .I can remember my grandpa telling me how he 5.A his championship match and how he felt when his name was announced as New York State Champion.I could never have imagined that 6.C till the night I won my first match.I never realized the 7.B demand that wrestling took on one's body.The long hours of learning new moves, lifting weights, and the mental preparations needed to prepare for this sport are 8.D .I had to learn to 9.C my time between school, home and friends.Wrestling is more of an individual sport, but it also 10.B the help and support of a team to be successful.The coaches taught us to 11.D ourselves and also the opponents we face on the match.
At Christmas, we as a team brought toys to Upstate Hospital cancer unit for the 12.C children who could not be home for the 13.C with their families.Here I was able to 14.A the children who never knew if they were able to leave the hospital and live a(n) 15.A life.This made me realize that I need to live each day to the fullest because no one can tell what life has in 16.D for us.
Wrestling has taught me I am capable of being my own 17.B .I cannot go back in time to change the past. 18.A ， the confidence I have gained allows me the possibility of furthering my 19.B career in college.From this sport, I now know that to be 20.A you must not be afraid to try something new.
文章大意：文章主要讲述了自己练习摔跤，变得独立的故事。
1．A.afraid　　　　　　　　　 B．pleased
C．able 　　 D．likely
解析：根据前文语境可知，此处表达同龄人的压力使自己从众，不相信自己是正确的，自己也是花了两年的时间才意识到自己能独立地接受摔跤的挑战。afraid“害怕的”；pleased“感到满意的”；able“能够”；likely“可能的”。
2．A.picking out　 B．picking up
C．taking in 　　 D．taking on
解析：根据此处语境可知，自己能够接受挑战。picking out“挑出”；picking up“捡起”；taking in“欺骗，吸收”；taking on“接受(挑战)”。
3．A.school 　 B．family
C．mind 　　 D．study
解析：根据后文说自己的爷爷和叔叔都摔跤，可知此处表示自己家里有摔跤的历史。school“学校”；family“家”；mind “思想”；study“学习”。
4．A.speakers 　　 B．trainers
C．believers 　　 D．champions
解析：根据后文爷爷讲述自己的冠军的故事，可知此处表示爷爷和叔叔都是冠军。
5．A.won 　 B．held
C．attended 　　 D．designed
解析：根据语境可知此处表示爷爷讲述自己是怎么赢得冠军的。won“赢得”；held“举行”；attended“参加”；designed“设计”。
6．A.action 　　 B．reaction
C．feeling 　　 D．change
解析：根据语境可知此处表示自己无法想象出得冠军的心情。action“行为”；reaction“反应”；feeling “情感”；change“改变”。
7．A.little 　 B．physical
C．material 　　 D．economic
解析： 根据语境可知此处表达作者从来没有意识到摔跤对自己身体的需要。little“小的；少的”；physical“身体的”；material“材料”；economic“经济”。
8．A.enough 　　 B．interesting
C．satisfactory 　　 D．awesome
解析：根据语境可知此处表示摔跤运动前长时间的准备活动真的令人恐惧。enough“足够的”；interesting“有趣的”；satisfactory“令人满意的”；awesome“令人恐惧的”。
9．A.spend 　　 B．spare
C．manage 　　 D．value
解析：根据语境可知此处表示自己学会管理在学校，家庭以及朋友之间的时间分配。spend“花费”；spare“匀出时间”；manage“管理”；value“珍惜”。
10．A.lacks 　　 B．requires
C．consults 　　 D．deserves
解析：根据语境可知此处表示摔跤是一项个人活动，也需要别人的帮助。lacks“缺乏”；requires“需要”；consults“咨询”；deserves“值得”。
11．A.prepare 　　 B．express
C．content 　　 D．respect
解析：根据语境可知此处表示教练教会自己尊重自己也尊重对手。prepare“准备”；express“表达”；content“使满意”；respect“尊敬”。
12．A.clever 　 B．confident
C．unfortunate 　 D．innocent
解析：根据语境可知此文表示我们去医院看望不幸的孩子。clever“聪明的”；confident“信任的”；unfortunate“不幸的”；innocent“清白的”。
13．A.gifts 　　 B．ceremonies
C．holidays 　　 D．treatments
解析：根据前文语境可知他们是在圣诞节期间去看望孩子们的。此处表示他们不能跟家人回家过节。gifts“礼物”；ceremonies“仪式”；holidays“节日；假日”；treatments“处理；对待”。
14．A.visit 　　 B．cure
C．thank 　　 D．gather
解析：根据语境可知此处表示我能看望我不认识的孩子。visit“参观；拜访”；cure“治疗；治愈”；thank“感谢”；gather“聚集”。
15．A.normal　　 B．positive
C．active 　　 D．brilliant
解析：根据语境可知孩子们不知道是否自己能离开医院过正常的生活。normal“正常的”；positive“乐观的”；active“积极的”；brilliant“杰出的”。
16．A.need 　　 B．case
C．advance 　　 D．store
解析：根据语境可知此处未来会发生什么谁也不知道。此处是固定短语，in store“将要发生”；in need“处于困境”；in case“以防万一”；in advance“提前”。
17．A.teacher 　　 B．individual
C．friend 　　 D．status
解析：根据语境可知摔跤教会我能够自己独立地生活。teacher“老师”；individual“个人”；friend“朋友”；status“地位”。
18．A.However 　　 B．Thus
C．Besides 　　 D．Meanwhile
解析：根据语境可知此处表示虽然我不能改变我的过去，但我却获得了自信使自己能够继续自己的摔跤生涯。However“然而”；Thus“因此”；Besides“此外”；Meanwhile“与此同时”。
19．A.serving 　　 B．wrestling
C．guiding 　　 D．running
解析：根据语境可知此处表示继续自己的摔跤职业。serving“服务”；wrestling“摔跤”；guiding“指导”；running“跑”。
20．A.successful 　　 B．attractive
C．brave 　　 D．determined
解析：根据语境可知此处表示要想成功，你一定不能害怕尝试新事物。successful“成功的”；attractive“吸引人的”；brave“勇敢的”；determined“下定决心的”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2020·广东省汕尾市普高高三质监)
Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities.
To know what's going on, Serve has a laser radar (激光雷达)sensor on top, in which spinning lasers let it detect objects around it and know how far away they are. Also, behind each artificial eye is a camera, with six more imaging devices spread around the robot. Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there.
“One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot's ability to see the environment，” says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. Since the sidewalk is “a very chaotic environment”，he points out, the robot needs to be able to take it all in and figure out what to do. This robot, and many like it, also must be able to signal their intentions to the pedestrians. For that，it has a number of approaches. One is using its eyes; another is a colorful light ring that goes around the top. “When it wants to make way for a pedestrian, it will use its eyes and look down，” he explains. It can also use the lights on the top as a turn signal，which is obvious, and also look left and right when it's turning left and right.
“Using eye movements and other silent signals is a good idea，” says Aaron Steinfeld, a professor on human-robot interaction (互动)．Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot，that's a lot. “We have active research on robot moving socially around walking people，” he says, “and it's really tricky to do this well. ”
“Postmates plans to use Serve in Los Angeles at first, and that its intended task is to move small objects over short distances”. The robot can travel 30 miles on one charge and is able to carry 50 pounds.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一种可以在城市中进行短距离投递的机器人。
1．What was Serve designed for？ B
A．Object detection.
B．Package transportation.
C．Environment protection.
D．Short-distance communication.
解析：细节理解题。由第一段“Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities.”可知，美国快递公司Postmates已经制造了一款名为“Serve”的机器人，该机器人的设计宗旨是在城市中进行短距离投递。所以Serve被设计用来包裹运输。故选B项。
2．What is challenging to Serve？ C
A．Moving objects.
B．Sending silent signals.
C．Sidewalk environment.
D．Pedestrian recognition.
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging.”可知，Serve 是专为通过人行道而设计的，人行道的环境对于Serve是一个巨大的挑战。故选C项。
3．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to？ B
A．Calling other robots.
B．Signaling to the people nearby.
C．Making way for the pedestrians.
D．Turning on the colorful light ring.
解析：词义猜测题。由第三段“This robot, and many like it, also must be able to signal their intentions to the pedestrians. For that，it has a number of approaches.”可知，这个机器人，以及许多类似机器人，也必须能够向行人示意它们的意图。为此，它有许多方法。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第3段下划线的“that”指的是示意附近的人。故选B项。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ A
A．To introduce a new robot.
B．To explain human-robot interaction.
C．To present different opinions on hi-tech.
D．To advertise an American delivery company.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities.”可知，美国快递公司Postmates已经制造了一款名为“Serve”的机器人，该机器人的设计宗旨是在城市中进行短距离投递，以及下文对于这个机器人的具体介绍可以判断出，作者写这篇短文的目的就是为了介绍一款新型的机器人。故选A项。
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
(2021·合肥市高三第二次质检)
A lot of misinformation about a disease can sometimes flood the Internet and experts call on the public to practise “information hygiene (卫生)”. What can you do to stop the spread of bad information?
1.A Before you share a piece of information, ask some basic questions about where the information comes from.You must be careful if the source is“ a friend of a friend” or “my aunt's colleague's neighbour”．
We recently tracked how a misleading post from someone's “uncle with a master's degree” went viral (广为传播的). Some of the details in the post were accurate—some versions, for example, encouraged hand washing to slow the spread of viruses. 2.E That was potentially harmful.
Could it be false? Appearances can be misleading. They may possibly pretend to be official accounts and authorities, including some famous news agencies and the government. Screenshots can also be changed to make it look like information has come from a trusted public body. 3.C If you can't easily find the information, it might be a trap. And if a post, video or a link looks fishy—it probably is.
Don't share if unsure whether it's true. 4.D You might be doing more harm than good. Often we post things on places where we know there are experts like doctors or medical professionals. That might be OK, but make sure you're very clear about your doubts.
Think about your preference. Are you sharing something because you know it's true or just because you agree with it? “We're more likely to share posts that support our existing beliefs ，” says Carl Miller, research director of the Centre for the Analysis of Social Media. It's when you're angrily nodding your head that you are easily taken in. 5.F
A．Check your source.
B．Consider their opinions carefully.
C．Check known and confirmed accounts and websites.
D．You can't share things “just in case” they might be true.
E．But others made unproven claims about how to diagnose the illness.
F．So, above all, you just need to slow down everything that you do online.
G．Your followers read what you share, but they may disagree with you.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。关于有时某种疾病的大量虚假信息会充斥着互联网，专家呼吁公众养成“信息卫生”的习惯。本文主要介绍了阻止不良信息传播的方式。
1．本空是中心句。根据空后一句“Before you share a piece of information，ask some basic questions about where the information comes from.”可知，在分享一条信息之前，要问一些关于这条信息来源的基本问题，又结合本段第三句中的“the source”可知，A项适合作本段的中心句。
2．根据空前一句中的“Some of the details in the post were accurate”并结合空后一句“That was potentially harmful.”可知，本空应与空前一句形成转折关系。故E项符合语境。
3．本空是一个过渡句。根据上文“Appearances can be misleading”和空后一句“If you can't easily find the information，it might be a trap.”以及语境可知，一些信息源的外表可能会有误导性，我们应查看一些已知的、已确认的账号和网站来确认信息的可靠性。所以C项符合语境。
4．本空是一个过渡句。结合中心句“Don't share if unsure whether it's true.”可知，本段主要表述了如果拿不准信息是否真实，就不要分享。故D项符合语境。
5．本空是一个段尾句。结合空前一句“It's when you're angrily nodding your head that you are easily taken in.”和语境可知，后面讲的应该是怎样避免被骗，前后形成因果关系。所以F项符合语境。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2020·山东省、海南省新高考模拟)
On the morning of her grandson's wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news. The 91-year-old was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the 1.celebration (celebrate) in Madison, New Jersey.
Unknown to Mc Cormack, her grandson Brian 2.and his wife Lauren had made a heartfelt plan 3.to include (include) her in the day's activities. 4.Followed (follow) by a wedding photographer, the couple made a surprise visit 5.to the hospital before heading to the reception.
“She was so excited to watch 6.us (we) get married，” the bride said. “She was simply living for this wedding. So we brought the wedding to her.”
“When we walked into that room, she was 7.obviously (obvious) shocked，” the photographer said. “She just kept 8.saying (say) ‘I can't believe you're here！’ and thanking them for coming to see her. The way she held their hands, 9.touched (touch) their faces and just looked at them, you could tell they had such a special bond. I don't think she released Brian's hand 10.the entire time that we were in the room.”
“It meant the world to bring the wedding to her，” the groom said. “It was such a small portion of the day to trade in for such a special moment.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了91岁的Peg McCormack参加孙子的婚礼的情景。
解析：
1．考查名词。动宾搭配，这里需要填入一个宾语，即名词形式。attend the celebration“参加庆典”。
2．考查连词。空前后是两个人，并列关系，故填并列连词and。
3．考查非谓语动词。Brian夫妇制定了计划使她成为婚礼活动的一部分，plan to do“打算做某事”。
4．考查非谓语动词。空后面有by，因此是被动；非谓语动作follow发生在谓语动作make的前面，因此填过去分词done形式。
5．考查介词。 a visit to“一场去……的旅程”。
6．考查代词。动宾搭配，动词后面跟宾格形式。
7．考查副词。空后面是形容词，因此修饰形容词需要用副词。
8．考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 keep doing sth. “保持做某事”。
9．考查时态。空后面有一个and连接词，表示这一系列动作。hold、 touch、look是并列关系，故时态应保持一致。
10．考查冠词。the entire time是固定搭配，意为“在整个……期间”。