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高考英语专题语法训练——并列句和状语从句.doc
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1、专题3并列句和状语从句考向1并列句中的并列连词.单句语法填空1.It was time for her to have a new baby,and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.(2016四川)解析句意为:是时候再生一个孩子了,熊猫宝宝也到独立的时候了。It was time for.和it was also time for.之间是并列关系,故用and连接。2.But the river wasnt changed in a few days or even a few months.(2014新课标全国)解析
2、a few days和a few months为选择关系,因此要用or连接。3.We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week,but for the week after.(2014广东)解析not.but.为固定结构,表示“不是而是”。4.So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much nor too little.”(2013广东)解析neithe
3、r.nor.既不也不,为固定搭配。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Before getting into the car,I thought I had learned the instructors orders, once I started the car,my mind went blank.(2017全国)解析根据前后句意思可知这里表示转折概念,并非因果,所以把so改为but或yet。2.I have grown not only physically, also mentally in the past few years.(2017全国)解析not only.but also
4、.不仅而且,连接并列成分。3.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are used for cooking.(2016全国)解析根据句意可知,二者之间为并列关系而非选择关系。4.We can choose between staying at home and taking a trip.If we stay at home,it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.(2016全国)解析如果待在家里,感觉舒适,还不必花钱。根据句意可知,此处应是并列
5、关系,而不是转折关系。5.Mom has a fulltime job, she has to do most of the housework.(2016四川)解析has a fulltime job与has to do most of the housework之间是转折关系,故将so改为but。6.He had a deep voice,which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.(2013新课标全国)解析句中which引导的是定语从句,修饰主句He had a deep vo
6、ice,而主句与从句后的分句he was strong and powerful之间缺少连词,根据它们的并列关系,可确定需要在第二个he前加and。考向2状语从句中的从属连词.单句语法填空1.Over time,as/when the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(2016全国)解析as/when当时,随着。2.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human doe
7、s.When/If it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.(2016四川)解析根据语境可知,when(当时)和if(如果)用在此处都合适。句意为:当它哭的时候/如果它哭了,熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它,轻轻拍打,给它安慰。3.One day,the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily.(2015广东)解析be doing sth.when.正在做某事这时。when意思是“正在这时”。4.Unbelievable!Oh.,if yo
8、u dont mind,Ill stop and take a deep breath.(2014辽宁)解析句意为:如果你不介意,我要停下来做一下深呼吸。根据句意可知,应填if引导条件状语从句。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor I was packing them up.(2015陕西)解析句意为:我所犯的唯一的错误就是当我把它们打包的时候,把一些掉在了地上。when/while当的时候,after在之后。根据句意应将after改为when/while。2. I was only a c
9、hild when I studied in that classroom,I will never forget it.(2015浙江)解析句意为:尽管在那个教室学习时我仅仅是一个孩子,但我永远忘不了它。根据句意,应将If改为Although或Though。3.And it is wise to have as many good friends we can.(2014大纲全国)解析as many.as we can为固定句式,as引导比较状语从句。4.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after
10、year,或but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014新课标全国)解析在让步状语从句中,although不可以与but连用,但可以与yet连用。5.In fact,he even scared my classmates away they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013新课标全国)解析句中during为介词,不可以连接两个并列的句子,根据逻辑关系,后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为when。6. waiting fo
11、r about half an hour,I was beginning to get impatient.(2013陕西)解析句意为:等候了大约半个小时后,我开始不耐烦了。故应把Before改为After。连词的分类连词常分为并列连词(也叫等立连词)和从属连词两大类。并列句与并列连词的核心考点1.并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。2.常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系:常用的并列连词有and,not only.but (also).等。He had plenty of mone
12、y and he spent it freely.Not only did he speak more correctly,but he (also) spoke more easily.(2)表示选择关系:常用的并列连词有or,either.or.等。Either you are right,or I am.(3)表示转折关系:常用的并列连词有but,yet,whereas等。Jane said she was ill,yet I saw her in the street just now.Some of the studies show positive results,whereas
13、others do not.(4)表示因果关系:常用的并列连词有so,for等。It must have rained last night,for it is wet all over.The shops were closed,so I didnt get any milk.(5)when也可用作并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:sb.was doing sth.when.;sb.was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when.;sb.had (just) d
14、one sth.when.。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.(6)while作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.从属连词与状语从句一、时间状语从句1.before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型:It will be long before.(得过好久才)It will not be long before.(过不
15、了多久就)It was long before.(过了好久才)It was not long before.(过了不久就)2.since后面所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。It is two years since he joined the army.他参军两年了。It is two years since he smoked.他戒烟两年了。3.as,when,while用法一览表。类别作用例句asas表示“当的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。She came up as I was cooking.(同时
16、)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school,we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延
17、续性动词。在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading.Strike while the iron is hot.(不可用as或when,这里的while意思是“趁”)4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:(1)till,not.until.,untilDont get off the bus until it has stopped.He waited for his father until/till
18、it was twelve oclock.(2)hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.表示“刚就”We had hardly got/Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.No sooner had he arrived/He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.(3)directly,immediately,the moment,the minute,the instant,as soon as意为“一就”He ma
19、de for the door directly he heard the knock.The moment he saw his mother,he burst into tears.(4)each time,every timeEach time he came to my city,he would call on me.二、让步状语从句1.although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。Although/Though they are poor,(yet) they are warmhearted.2.even if或even though引导
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