辽宁省葫芦岛市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期学业质量监测试题.doc

辽宁省葫芦岛市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期学业质量监测试题

辽宁省葫芦岛市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期学业质量监测试题

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辽宁省葫芦岛市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期学业质量监测试题（含解析）
考生注意:
1.试卷满分150分，考试时间100分钟。
2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
第Ⅰ卷(三部分，共95分)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The UK's music festivals are world famous but there are plenty more to celebrate in the country.
Burns Night, Scotland
On 25 January, Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper. This can be a chance for friends to get together with a huge formal dinner. Guests take it in turn to recite Burns' poems or sing one of his songs.
Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales
For 10 days each May, the small town of Hay on-Wye on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas. The festival celebrates great writing of all genres (体裁) and it all takes place in a village in the town.
Camp Festival, Dorset
As a branch of a festival held in Dorset, it's one of the best family festivals in the UK Held every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts, but as the organizer say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variety of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.
Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”
All over the UK on 5 November, the British light bonfires and set off fireworks in their back gardens or, more commonly these days, at organized events in public parks. They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament (议会院) on 5 November, 1605.
1. Which festivals are related to literature (文学)?
A. Hay Festival and Camp Festival. B. Bums Night and Hay Festival.
C. Burs Night and Guy Fawkes Day. D. Camp Festival and Guy Fawkes Day.
2. When does the festival most attractive to children take place?
A. In July. B. In May. C. In January. D. In November.
3. What does Guy Fawkes Day celebrate?
A. An impressive building. B. A successful adventure.
C. An organized game. D. A historical event.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英国的四个节日的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“On 25 January, Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper.”（1月25日，苏格兰人举行特别的伯恩斯晚餐，庆祝苏格兰民族诗人罗伯特·伯恩斯的生平和作品。）和第三段中的“For 10 days each May, the small town of Hay on-Wye on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas.”（每年5月的10天里，威尔士布莱肯信标国家公园边上的小城Hay on Wye挤满了作家、电影制作人、音乐家以及前来聆听他们谈话和交流想法的人们。），可知Bums Night和Hay Festival与文学有关。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段“As a branch of a festival held in Dorset, it's one of the best family festivals in the UK Held every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts, but as the organizer say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variety of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.”（作为在多塞特举行的音乐节的一个分支，这是英国最好的家庭节日之一，每年都在多塞特历史悠久的卢沃思城堡举行，音乐节包括顶级现场音乐表演，但正如主办方所说，在夏令营节“孩子是国王”，它为孩子们提供各种各样的娱乐、工作坊和乐趣。2020年夏令营节于7月25日至28日举行。），可知最吸引孩子们的节日在七月举行。故选A项。
3题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中的“They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament (议会院) on 5 November, 1605.”（他们庆祝天主教徒福克斯在1605年11月5日炸毁议会大厦的企图失败。），可知Guy Fawkes Day是一个历史事件。故选D项。
B
Cory Nichol's whole life changed after he watched the documentary (纪录片) Hard Times. Lost on Long Island. This documentary follows four different families over six months as they struggle with unemployment. Cory knew he had to help any way that he could.
He founded an organization named “C the Difference”. The first step of his charity was to advertise. Using his own money, Cory had orange bracelets (手链) made. Now, he has sold the bracelets. A lot of people who are willing to donate bought them. “We've gotten donations from $5 to $500,” Cory said. “Every dollar really helps.”
Since founding the organization “C the Difference”, Cory has gotten the word out through e-mail and social media He has managed to get upwards of 7,500 and the amount will keep ring each month For Cox, his work is truly rewarding and he loves knowing that poll fortunate than him are really benefiting tom al the donations Once he said, “I was in the pantry (食品室) one time when a woman was taking food, and she was grateful for what I was doing That made me feel great.”
Cory's work has been truly remarkable. These past years he was recognized for “C the Difference” and was a recipient (获得者) of the New York State Prudential Spirit of Community Award. Cory was honored when he found out the news, and even more shocked When he found out that he was one of the only 102 winners out of the 28.000 applicants, As a recipient Cory got to travel to Washington D.C. with the other winners.
There are bright things in Cory's future. First, he wants to keep doing well in school. “I think school is really important to be successful in life.” In addition, Cory wants to keep “C the Difference” going through high school. “I am continuing to get donations, and to get younger kids and my peers involved to help each month”.
4. After watching the documentary, Cory _______.
A. set up a charity organization B. found a job in Long Island
C. donated money immediately D. felt the documentary interesting
5. Cory tried to raise enough money by _______.
A. wearing a ring and a bracelet B. spreading the word out
C. phoning to his friends D. collecting from his classmates
6. Cory felt _______ after he knew he was given an award.
A. proud and surprised B. interested and delighted
C. embarrassed and puzzled D. ashamed and frightened
7. We can infer from the passage that Cory will _______.
A. travel in Long Island alone B. stop raising money
C. study in Washington D. go on his charity
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Cory Nichol创建了一个名为C the Difference的慈善组织，Cory通过电子邮件和社交媒体传播该组织，筹集捐款，让那些不幸运的人从所有的捐赠中受益，他出色的工作得到社区的认可。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cory Nichol's whole life changed after he watched the documentary Hard Times.”Cory的整个生活在他观看了纪录片《艰难时刻》之后发生了改变，以及第二段中“He founded an organization named “C the Difference”. The first step of his charity was to advertise.”他成立了一个名为“C the Difference”的组织，他慈善事业的第一步是做广告。由此可知，看完纪录片后，Cory成立了一个慈善组织。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since founding the organization “C the Difference”, Cory has gotten the word out through e-mail and social media He has managed to get upwards of 7,500 and the amount will keep ring each month”自成立这个组织以来，Cory通过电子邮件和社交媒体传播了这个词，他已经筹集了7500多美元，这个数额每个月会持续增长。由此可知Cory试图通过传播这个词来筹集资金。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题根据倒数第二段“Cory was honored when he found out the news, and even more shocked When he found out that he was one of the only 102 winners out of the 28.000 applicants,”
Cory得知这个消息后感到很荣幸，但更令他震惊的是，在28000申请者中，他是仅有的102名获奖者之一，可知，得知自己获奖后, Cory感到既荣幸又震惊。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In addition, Cory wants to keep “C the Difference” going through high school. “I am continuing to get donations, and to get younger kids and my peers involved to help each month”。此外，Cory还想让C the Difference贯穿整个高中，‘我还在继续捐款，每个月都让更小的小孩子和我的同龄人参与帮忙’可知，我们可以从文章中推断Cory将继续他的慈善事业。故选D项。
C
The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there’s a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can’t collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can produce more than 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.
Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution.” Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. Only one women’s clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.
8. What has happened during the past five years?
A. Fabric has become much stronger. B. Plastic pollution has been less serious.
C. Many plastic bottles have been reused. D. Microfibers have been greatly improved.
9. What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes?
A. It is adding microfibers to the clothes.
B. It is worsening environmental problems.
C. It is making synthetic clothes last longer.
D. It is doing great damage to washing machines.
10. What can be inferred about Browne’s Benign by Design research project?
A. It has achieved great success. B. It hasn’t got anything done.
C. It is known to very few people. D. It is facing some difficulties.
11. What’s the best title for the text?
A. It’s important to learn to recycle
B. It’s never easy to solve pollution problems
C. Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution?
D. Are human beings moving forward or backward?
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在处理塑料污染方面，把可回收塑料重组成衣服的一部分不失为一个好办法，但研究表明，合成型衣服的清洗会产生大量纤维，其中微纤维对海洋环境的危害最为严重。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. ”可知，在过去的五年里，很多制衣公司，企业和环境组织已经开始把塑料转换成纤维来解决环境污染问题。结合上文，企业是用可回收塑料瓶转换成纤维。由此，在这五年会有很多塑料瓶被再次利用，结合选项，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.”可知，Browne通过自己的研究发现世界各地海水样本中都存在微纤维。结合第四段Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten.可知，微纤维对海洋生物有很大的危害。由此，合成型衣服的清洗会产生大量微纤维，微纤维的排放会加重海洋问题，结合选项，故选B。
10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. ”可知，在Browne要求世界知名制衣公司支持把对人类和环境有危害的衣服撤出市场的研究项目时，Browne并没有得到一个令人满意的答案。由此可推知，他的研究项目Benign by Design遇到了难题，结合选项，故选D。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。由第一段“ During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution.”（ 在过去的五年里，大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染）和第一段“Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.”（ 研究显示,微纤维是海洋塑料的最大来源。）由此可知，文章就这项技术究竟是对环境的保护还是对环境的再次污染进行说明。故C项（Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution?）回收塑料服装：是解决方案还是污染？能够概括文章中心，可作为标题。故选C。
D
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms More than 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time based on observations of the sun's motion. In the international meteorological field (国际气象界) the 24 solar terms are honored as “the fifth great invention of China”.
The 24 solar terms begins with Start of Spring followed by Rain Water, Insects Awaken...and ends up with Minor Cold and Major Cold. Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice are two days of the year with the longest and shortest amount of daylight respectively, while Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are days with the most balanced amount of daytime and nighttime. Through these four parts, a year is divided into four part: Spring Summer, Autumn and Winter.
In ancient times this system not only guided agricultural production, instructing farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest but also directed Chinese folk customs. For example, Winter Solstice was the first one set among 24 terms and later developed into a festival to worship Heaven and ancestors. Every year at Winter Solstice, emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties would go to the temple of Heaven to hold a ceremony to worship Heaven, for good weather for their crop, and peace and prosperity for the country.
Nowadays, the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming but also guide Chinese everyday life. They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable food and cultural rituals (文化仪式). Seasonal customs are sill the rage such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qing Ming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter. They have actually became important rituals in Chinese life.
The 24 solar terms is a common cognitive system among Chinese. It reflects the emotional bond, the wisdom and creativity of Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature.
12. How were the 24 solar terms created in ancient China?
A. They were the results of leaning from each other.
B. They were set based on the movements of the sun.
C. They were created according to the change of the weather.
D. They were gradually developed from the practical experience.
13. What is a common feature of Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox?
A. They both have the same amount of day and night.
B. They were set only for guiding agricultural activities.
C. They both play the role in dividing a day into day and night
D. They are the days on which the length of a day is longer than night.
14. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Cheer B. Honor. C. Appreciation. D. Fashion.
15. What’s the text mainly about?
A. The reasons for the recognition of the 24 solar terms.
B. The invention of the 24 solar terms in ancient China.
C. The origin and influence of the 24 solar terms in China
D. The ways to handle the relationship between human and nature.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。两千多年前，中国古人根据对太阳运动的观