高中英语语法状语从句.ppt
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1、状语从句状语从句1.状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句一般分为九大类时间状语从句时间状语从句 地点状语从句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 方式状语从句方式状语从句 比较状语从句比较状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句2.1.时间状语从句:时间状语从句:引导词有引导词有when,whenever,while,as,the moment,the minute,the second,as soon as,immediately,no sooner than,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,every ti
2、me,each time,by the time,the first time,the last time,next time,once,till,until,since,before,after 等等3.Strike while the iron is hot.when+非延续性非延续性/延续性动词延续性动词即即when可以指段时间也可以指点时间可以指段时间也可以指点时间whenever指的是任何时间指的是任何时间Whenever he comes,he will bring us gifts.while只能只能+延续性动词延续性动词,且常和进行时连用。,且常和进行时连用。When the
3、teacher came in,I was sleeping.=While/When I was sleeping,the teacher came in.请注意请注意 when,while,as 的区别的区别趁热打铁。趁热打铁。4.when 这时这时I was about to go to sleep when my sister came in.I was sleeping when my sister came in.I had just finished my homework when Tom came to visit me.while(并列连词,并列连词,“而而”表前后对比表前后
4、对比)He likes music while I like sports.He is a doctor but he doesnt like medicine.be on the point of doing when when 既然既然How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen?5.as 一边一边一边一边;随着随着;就在就在时候时候She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older,she became mo
5、re beautiful.Someone patted me on the shoulder as I was picking the flower.6.the moment the minute the second immediately 当当时候时候 =when ;一;一就就 =as soon as-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes,I gave it to her the moment I saw her.no sooner than 一一就就hardly when一一就就scarcely when一一就
6、就No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.Hardly had he arrived when he went away again.Scarcely had he arrived when he went away again.7.every time,each time 每当每当Each time he came to town,he would visit our school.by the time By the time he arrived,the train had already gone.I considered he
7、r honest the first(last)time I met her.Next time you come,dont forget to bring us gifts.Once you see him,you will never forget him.Once you start,you will never give up.once 一一就就/一旦一旦就就8.not until /not until 直到直到才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=Not until he finished the work d
8、id he leave the office.It is not until he finished the work that he left the office.till 和和until 基本通用,但在句首只能用基本通用,但在句首只能用until;在肯定句中,主句要用延续性动词,在否定在肯定句中,主句要用延续性动词,在否定句中,主句可以用非延续性动词。句中,主句可以用非延续性动词。9.since+点时间,所以如果引导从句,要用非延点时间,所以如果引导从句,要用非延续性动词,而且要用一般过去时。续性动词,而且要用一般过去时。It is/has been just a week since
9、we arrived here.(It is/has been+段时间段时间 since+一般过去时一般过去时 是常用句型)是常用句型)如果是延续性如果是延续性v.,则表示自从不做某事以来多长时间了。,则表示自从不做某事以来多长时间了。We havent seen each other since I worked in the factory.(自从我不在该工厂工作以来自从我不在该工厂工作以来)10.before 用法:用法:1 It was 2 hours before the medicine took effect.It wont be one year before we meet
10、again.2 还没来得及还没来得及 我还没来得及接电话,他就挂了。我还没来得及接电话,他就挂了。He hung up before I could answer the phone.11.2.地点状语从句地点状语从句 where,whereverwhere 在在地方地方Put the medicine where you can easily get it.Where there is a will,there is a way.wherever 无论在无论在地方地方Wherever you go,I will be right here waiting for you.12.与定语从句有本
11、质区别与定语从句有本质区别Make a mark where you have any doubts.Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts.where从句说明动作发生的地点,从句说明动作发生的地点,地点状语从句地点状语从句where从句修饰从句修饰the place,定语从句定语从句13.3.原因状语从句原因状语从句 because /as/since(=now that)/forbecause 语气最强,引导的从句可放前面也可放后面,语气最强,引导的从句可放前面也可放后面,回答回答why,可引导表语从句。,可引导表语从句。as/
12、since 不能回答不能回答why。He couldnt have seen me,because I was not there.since 相当于相当于now that,语气较弱,语气较弱,as 语气最弱语气最弱,as和和since均均表示双方都知道的原因,通常都放在句首。表示双方都知道的原因,通常都放在句首。Since everybody has come,we can set off.As he is honest and modest,all his friends like him.for是并列连词,只能是并列连词,只能放在句中,放在句中,for分句不是前面分句分句不是前面分句发生
13、的直接原因,只提供一种判断的依据或对前面分句发生的直接原因,只提供一种判断的依据或对前面分句加以解释。加以解释。It rained last night,for the ground is wet now.14.4.条件状语从句条件状语从句if,unless,as long as,in case,on condition that etc.15.if“如果如果”,表示正面的条件,表示正面的条件If you work harder,you will succeed.Work harder,and you will succeed.Work harder,or you wont succeed.W
14、orking harder,you will succeed.16.unless 表示反面的条件,“除非,如果不”We cant write to Mary unless she tells us her address.We cant write to Mary if she doesnt tell us her address.17.as long as/so long as(只要)1)I will never give up learning as long as I live.2)You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean.
15、18.in case 假使假使,如果如果 Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.19.on condition that 条件是条件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.20.5.目的状语从句目的状语从句 so that,in order that,in case,for fear that etc.21.Lets take the front seats so that we can see mo
16、re clearly.so that “为了为了”,要放在主句之后,要放在主句之后,so as to同同 从句中要使用情态动词,如:从句中要使用情态动词,如:can,could,may,might 等等 22.in order that “为了为了”,放在主句前和,放在主句前和后均可。后均可。in order to 同同School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.23.for fear that 唯恐;以免唯恐;以免The instructor emphasized th
17、e issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.24.in case 以免;以免;万一万一 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.25.6.结果状语从句结果状语从句so that,sothat,suchthatWe took the front seats so that we saw more clearly.It is so good a story that Ill never forge
18、t it.It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.such+名词 +that clause so+adj./adv.+that clause so+many/few+复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词26.as 按照按照;as if/as though 似乎;好像似乎;好像When in Rome do as the Romans do.You must try to do as I did.Ill do as I am told to.He talked as if he had seen that
19、 film.7.方式状语从句方式状语从句 27.8.比较状语从句比较状语从句 asas,not as(so)as,than,the more the more.The streets in Beijing are as crowded as those in Shanghai.He doesnt work so hard as you do.第一个第一个as是是adv.,修饰,修饰adj.或或adv.原级,第二个原级,第二个as是连词,是连词,引导比较状语从句,常省略与前面重复的部分。引导比较状语从句,常省略与前面重复的部分。He is better than I.than引导比较状语从句,常
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