创业管理(李雪灵)pa.ppt
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1、Part IV:Supplementing Your Testing SE-307 Software Testing 1精选pptContentsnAutomated Testing and Test ToolsnBug Bashes and Beta Testing2精选pptPart IV:Supplementing Your Testing Automated Testing and Test Tools3精选pptContentsnThe Benefits of Automation and ToolsnTest ToolsnSoftware Test AutomationnRando
2、m Testing:Monkeys and GorillasnRealities of Using Test Tools and Automation4精选pptThe Benefits of Automation and ToolsnBackgroundnRegression testing:This process of rerunning your tests is known as regression testing.nThe work of regression testing is enormousnSoftware test tools and automation can h
3、elp solve this problem by providing a more efficient means to run your tests than by manual testing.5精选pptThe Benefits of Automation and ToolsnThe principal attributes of tools and automation arenSpeed.nEfficiency.nAccuracy and Precision.nResource Reduction.nSimulation and Emulation.nRelentlessness.
4、nNOTEnSoftware test tools arent a substitute for software testers they just help software testers perform their jobs better.6精选pptTest ToolsnAs a software tester youll be exposed to a wide range of testing tools.The types of tools that youll use are based on the type of software that youre testing a
5、nd whether youre performing black-box or white-box tests.nImportant distinction between two types of tools non-invasive and invasive.nIf a tool is used only to monitor and examine the software without modifying it,its considered non-invasive.nIf,however,the tool modifies the program code or manipula
6、tes the operating environment in any way,its invasive.7精选pptTest ToolsnThe major classes of testing tools and how theyre used.nViewers and Monitors nA viewer or monitor test tool allows you to see details of the softwares operation that you wouldnt normally be able to see.nCode coverage analyzers,co
7、mmunications analyzer,the code debuggers that come with most compilers.8精选pptTest ToolsnDrivers nDrivers are tools used to control and operate the software being tested.nBatch file,replace the keyboard and mouse of the system being tested with an additional computer.nStubs nStubs,like drivers,were m
8、entioned in Chapter 7 as white-box testing techniques.nEmulator9精选pptTest ToolsnStress and Load Tools nThe Stress program allows you to individually set the amounts of memory,disk space,files,and other resources available to the software running on the machine.nLoad tools are similar to stress tools
9、 in that they create situations for your software that might otherwise be difficult to create.nInterference Injectors and Noise GeneratorsnTheyre similar to stress and load tools but are more random in what they do.10精选pptTest ToolsnAnalysis Tools nWord processing softwarenSpreadsheet softwarenDatab
10、ase softwarenFile comparison softwarenScreen capture and comparison softwarenDebuggernBinary-hex calculatornStopwatchnVCR or camera11精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnMacro Recording and PlaybacknThe most basic type of test automation is as you run recording your keyboard and mouse actions your tests fo
11、r the first time and then playing them back when you need to run them again.nMacro recorders and players are a type of driver tool.Drivers are tools used to control and operate the software being tested.nOn the Mac you can use QuicKeys;on Windows the shareware program Macro Magic is a good choice.nB
12、e careful:nThe biggest problem is lack of verification.nA slight change in the GUI could throw off your captured steps.12精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnProgrammed Macros nCreate programmed macros by programming simple instructions for the playback system to follow.nProgrammed macros such as this one
13、have some real advantages over recorded macros.Although they still cant perform verification of the test results,they can pause their execution to prompt the tester(see Figure 15.8)with an expected result and a query for her to okay whether the test passed or failed.13精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnP
14、rogrammed Macros(continue)nListing 15.1.A Simple Macro That Performs a Test on the Windows Calculatorn1:Calculator Test#2n2:n3:n4:123-100=n5:n6:14精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnProgrammed Macros(continue)nYoure still missing two important pieces,though,to perform complex testing.nProgrammed macros ar
15、e limited to straight-line execution they can only loop and repeat.Variables and decision statements that youd find in a regular programming language arent available.nYou also dont have the ability to automatically check the results of your test.For these,you need to move to a comprehensive automate
16、d testing tool.15精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnFully Programmable Automated Testing Tools nThe most important feature that comes with these automation tools is the ability to perform verification,actually checking that the software is doing whats expected.There are several ways to do this:nScreen ca
17、ptures.nControl values.nFile and other output.16精选pptSoftware Test AutomationnFully Programmable Automated Testing Tools(continue)nTo get more information about several of the popular test automation products available,visit the following websites:nSoftware Development Technologies at nMercury at nS
18、egue Software at 17精选pptRandom Testing:Monkeys and GorillasnAnother type of automated testing,though,isnt designed to help run or automatically run test cases.Its goal is to simulate what your users might do.That type of automation tool is called a test monkey.nWhen your software is released to the
19、public,it will have thousands or possibly millions of people using it.Despite your best efforts at designing test cases to find bugs,some bugs will slip by and be found by those users.18精选pptRandom Testing:Monkeys and GorillasnDumb MonkeysnIt just clicks or types randomly.n例:1:RANDOMIZE TIMERn 2:FOR
20、 i=1 TO 10000n 3:PLAY“CLICK”+STR$(INT(RND*640)+”,”+STR$(INT(RND*480)+”n 4:PLAY CHR$(RND*256)n 5:NEXT i 19精选pptRandom Testing:Monkeys and GorillasnDumb MonkeysnIt doesnt seem to make sense that simple random clicking and typing could find a bug,but it does for a couple reasons:nGiven enough time and
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