听说-PartB-三问技巧.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2018/6/7,#,The Skills of Translation in Part BPart B,中“三问”的翻译技巧,Part B Role Play,角色扮演（三问五答）,三问：,1.,电脑中文呈现,问题,1,(20 seconds),学生翻译,_,(10 seconds),电脑回答此问题,2.,电脑中文呈现,问题,2,(20 seconds),学生翻译,_,(10 seconds),电脑回答此问题,3.,电脑中文呈现,问题,3,(20 seconds),学生翻译,_,(10 seconds),电脑回答此问题,翻译问题！,绝不是回答问题！,The word order,between Chinese and English is very different!,Chinese,：,1.Word order,语序,我吃吗？（疑问句）,我吃？（反问句）,我吃吧！（感叹句）,我吃了。（陈述句）,Word Order,语序,Chinese:,我吃吗？（疑问句）,我吃？（反问句）,我吃吧！（感叹句）,我吃了。（陈述句）,陈述语序：主语,+,谓语,时态,?,不具体体现,Word Order,语序,English:,语序 陈述语序,疑问语序,疑问句：（语序、时态、语调）,我吃吗？（一般现在时）,我吃吗？（一般过去时）,我吃吗？（一般将来时）,我该吃什么？,Do I eat?,Did I eat?,Will I eat?,What should I eat?,所以，千万不要写中式英语！,翻译问句常见的错误,1.,句子中的词汇或表达错误。,2.,错用疑问词，特别是,How+adj.,H,ow is,Mr.Smith,？,H,ow do you like it,？,你怎么想的？,How often,does the train run?,How far,is your school from home?,-,how long,did you stay there?-,-,We stayed there for two days.,How long,is the tunnel,？,I am starving.,How soon,will the supper is ready?,3.,特殊疑问词的选择错误。,4.be,、助动词或情态动词的漏用或误用（,the most difficult point,）,（,vocabulary,）,问身体或事情进展情况,问想法,问频率，“多久一次”,问多长时间,问物体长度,问距离“多远”,意为“还有多久”,英语疑问句的种类有,4,种,:,1.,一般疑问句,Do,you,this food?,Does,it taste,s,good,？,2.,特殊疑问句,Whats,your favourite fruit?,How,many,kinds of food are there?,3.,选择疑问句,Which one do you like better,the fish,or,the vegetable?,Do you like fish,or,vegetable?,4.,反意疑问句,The fish tastes good,doesnt it?,（一）一般,疑问句（升调）,（,1,）,Be+,主语,+.?,例：,Are,those books on the desk?,（,2,）,Do/Does/Did+,主语,+,谓语,+.?,例：,Do,you like English?,（,3,）情态动词,+,主语,+,谓语,+.?,例：,Must,I finish my homework now,?,（,4,）,Have/Has+,主语,+,过去分词,+.?,例：,Has,he finished his homework?,一般,疑问句的常见句型有以下四种：,一般疑问句结构：,be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,（谓语）,+,其他,由于在翻译“三问”时，句子常有错误，特别是,be,动词、助动词和情态动词的漏用或误用,，为了正确翻译，我们可以,先写出要翻译的句子的陈述句，再转变为疑问句。,陈述句变一般疑问句,陈述句变一般疑问句规则,三类词：,be,动词、助动词,have/has/had,、情态动词,句子谓语动词中有三类词，把三类词移到主语前面。,2.,句子谓语动词中没有三类词，在主语前面添加,Do/Did/Does,并把句子的动词变成原形。,陈述句变一般疑问句,Eg.,He is so clever.,_ _ so clever?,2.We can fly to the moon one day.,_ _ _ to the moon one day?,3.They have finished their homework.,_ _ _their homework?,4.John feels happy.,_ _ _ happy?,Is he,Can you/we fly,Have they finished,Does John feel,康龙是在专心听写吗？,Kang Long,is,concentrating on the dictation.,Is,Kang Long concentrating on the dictation,？,2.,基龙在听写前有没有教过盈盈呢？,Ji Long,had,taught Ying Ying before the dictation.,Had,Ji Long taught Ying Ying before the dictation?,3.,听写的时候能我们能作弊吗？,Can,we cheat in the dictation?,4.,伟钊有进步了吗？,Wei Zhao makes progress.,Does,Wei Zhao make progress?,dictation,1.,能否谈谈你的家庭情况？,Could/Can,you say something about your family?,2.,你认为朋友在你生命中重要吗？,You think friends are important in your life?,Do,you think friends play an important part in your life?,3.,你有没有试过上网购物？,You have ever tried online shopping/shopping online.,Have,you ever tried online shopping/shopping online.,4.,你的名字有什么特殊的意义吗？,Your name has(some)special meaning.,Does,your name have any special meaning?,高考真题,1.,你有很多空闲时间旅游吗？（,2017 A,）,Did,you have a lot of free time for traveling?,2.,你认为机器人有一天会取代人类吗？（,2017 B,）,Do,you think that robots will replace humans one day?,3.,年幼的孩子比年长的孩子更幸运吗？（,2016 A,）,Are,younger children luckier than the elder children?,4.,你做过这个话题的研究吗？（,2015 A,）,Have,you done the research about the topic?,spare,to travel,take the place of,二、,特殊疑问句,以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：,what,，,who,，,whose,，,which,，,when,，,where,，,how,，,why,等。,特殊疑问句有两种语序：,陈述语序：提问主语时,即：疑问词（主语）谓语动词其他成分,。,Eg.,Who is singing in the room?,Whose book is on this desk?,疑问语序：提问除主语外的其他成分时,即：,特殊疑问词一般疑问句,Eg.,When will you go?What class are you in?,步骤：,A.,先写出,特殊疑问词,+,陈述句,B.,把后面的,陈述句变成一般疑问句,为什么天睿这么开心呢？,Why,is,Tian Rui so happy?,梓鸿乱七八糟的桌子上有什么呢？,What,is,in Zi Hongs messy desk?,班长给我们树立了什么榜样？,What,example,does,the monitor set for us?,我们什么时候卖掉这些瓶子好呢？,When,will,we sell these bottles?,吸烟为何有害健康？,Why,Why,is,smoking harmful to our health?,2.,你多久看一次电影？,How,often,do,you go to see a film?,3.,你游览过哪些地方？,What,places,have,you ever travelled to?,4.,如何申请发明专利？,How,can,people apply for a patent?,smoking is harmful to our health?,我们在劳动课中很认真完成任务。,We finished the task seriously in our labour class yesterday.,一般疑问句：,_,Who _,How_,When _,finished the task seriously in your labor class yesterday?,did,you,finish,the task in your labor class yesterday?,did,you,finish,the task seriously in your labor class?,Did,you finish the task seriously in our labor class yesterday?,提问主语：陈述语序；,提问其他成分：特殊疑问词一般疑问句语序。,高考真题,1.,如果我们被机器人取代了该怎么办？,（,2017 B,）,What,can,we do if robots take place of us?,What,can,we do if robots replace humans?,2.,你有什么建议给家长呢？,（,2017 C,）,What,is,your advice for parents?,What,suggestions,do,you have for parents?,What,advice,would,you like to give parents?,3.,那个医生是如何帮助你的？,（,2017 D,）,How,did,the doctor help you?,4.,你现在更喜欢在哪儿过春节呢？（,2015 E,）,Where,do,you prefer to spend the Spring Festival?,Where do,you like,more,to spend the Spring Festival?,Summary,总结,为了在“三问”的翻译中准确使用,be,动词、助动词和情态动词，我们可以：,翻译一般疑问句：,A.,快速写出该句子的陈述句,B.,再变成一般疑问句。,翻译特殊疑问句,:,提问主语时，陈述语序；,提问除主语外的其他成分时：疑问语序,先写出特殊疑问词,+,陈述句,把特殊疑问词后面的陈述句变成一般疑问句,Thank you!,Homework,2016 B,Q1:,你,12,岁时，学校是怎样的？,How was,the school when you were twelve?,What was,theschool like when you were twelve?,Q2:,你认为体育活动将是一样的吗？,Do you think,that sports will be the same?,Q3:,最大的变化会是什么？,Whatwill,the biggest change be?,greatest,2016 C,Q1:,那是什么意思呢？,Whatdoes,that mean?,Whatdo,you mean?,Q2:,作为老师，你怎样使用这个系统？,How did,you use the system as a teacher?,Q3:,学生们喜欢这种交作业的方式吗？,Did,the students like the way to hand in homework?,submit assignments,2016 D,Q1:,你做什么让观众大笑？,What do you do,to let the audience:dins laugh?,Q2:,你是怎么成为一个喜剧演员的？,How did,you become a comedian kmi:din?,Q3:,有什么成功的秘诀吗？,Do,you,have,any secrets to success?,What,secrets to success,do,you have?,made,2016 E,Q1:,你从课程中学到了什么？,What do,you learn from the course?,Q2:,你怎么知道女性在学习语言方面做得更好？,How do you know,that women can do better in learninglanguages?,Q3:,他们在行为上有什么差异？,What are,the differences intheirbehaviors?,study,is,difference,2015,【,真题,A】,Q1,：你做过这个话题的研究吗？,Have you done,the research about the topic?,Q2,：人们一般做些什么来减少压力呢？,What do,people usually do to reduce stress?,Q3,：为什么压力可以是正能量呢？,Why can,stress be positive energy?,survey,pressure,often,