高中地理第三章自然环境地理的整体性与差异性3.1自然地理要素改变与环境变迁课件湘教版.ppt

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sixth level,Seventh level,Eighth level,Ninth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,自然地理要素变化与环境变迁,3.1,概述,什么是自,然地理,环境？,即,地球表层。是指岩石圈、大气圈、水圈、土壤圈、生物圈、人类圈等自然地理圈层组成的有机整体。,自,然地理环境要,素有哪些？,地形,、,气,侯,、水,文,、土壤,、,生物,（包括人类）等,1.,生物进化与环境变迁,(,一,),生物进化与环境演变,阅,读课本,P66,页“生物进化与环境演变简史”材料，回答：,1、地球上最初的生命出现在哪里？,2,、为什么说具,有光合作用的生物的出现和发展，对地表环境的,演化具有重要意义？,3,、为什么真,核细胞生物出现以后，生物的演化进程明显,加快？,一、生物进化、灭绝与环境,1.,生物进化与环境变迁,生命出现,以前,以后,环境演化,化学演化,生物演化,（一）,46,亿年前,6,亿年前,第三纪,白垩纪,中生代,寒武纪,奥陶纪,志留纪,泥盆纪,古生代,石炭纪,二叠纪,三叠纪,侏罗纪,新生代,结合图,3-1,和,P67,的表格，地球表层的演化可分为几个地质年代？,火山遍地，岩浆横流，环境恶劣,地球发展初期阶段（,3846,亿年前）,34,亿年前的古细胞化石,(,南非斯威士兰系,),太古代（,2538,亿年前）,生物进化：,最低等原始生命体,。,元古代（,625,亿年前）,生物进化：,动物处于孕育、发展初期阶段。出现,藻类,植物。,古生代（,2.56,亿年前）,早期,中期,晚期,生物进化：,无脊椎动物,-,鱼类,-,两栖动物,藻类,-,孢子植物,中生代（,0.72.5,亿年前）,生物进化：,爬行动物、裸子植物,新生代（,0.7,亿年后）,生物进化：,哺乳动物、被子植物,二、环境变迁与生物灭绝,古生代末期,中生代末期,试思考恐龙灭绝的原因,二、人类活动对环境的作用,人,孕育,改造,(,一,),人类与环境的关系,活动：,请你举出人类活动对自然地理环境影响的例子，并讨论是有利的影响还是不利的影响。,北极熊母子被困浮冰在海上漂泊,据英国,每日邮报,3,月,3,日报道，环球变暖已经日益威胁到生物的生存，北极熊便是最典型的受害者。本日颁布的一张,2009,年,8,月拍摄的照片表现，一对北极熊母子无助地坐在一块不断融化缩小的浮冰上，正在快速阔别陆地。这张照片再次向人们证明，全球变暖正在毁失这个天下。,（,2010,年,3,月,4,日国际在线）,思考：,1,、这则新闻体现了目前人类面临的什么环境问题？,2,、请分析全球变暖的人为因素，以及全球变暖对环境要素的影响。,海平面上升,水,淹没沿海低地,大气,co,2,增多,地貌,大 气,砍伐森林,大量使用矿物燃料,人类活动造成温室效应及产生的影响,植 被,气温升高,气候变暖,冰川融化,海水膨胀,全球降水、干湿状况变化,世界各国经济结构变化,(,三,),协调人类发展与环境保护的关系,尊重自然规律,防止过度开发,注重协调社会经济建设与,环境生态保护的关系,我们该怎么做？,小结,:,生物进化,影 响,生物灭绝,人类活动,引 起,人地和谐,发 展,环境变迁,