天津市大港区中考英语一轮复习-完型填空点拨.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,welcome,中考英语完形填空,点 拨,命题特点,解题技巧,复习重点,完型填空点拨,完型填空是对一篇,语意完整,的短文,有目的,的挖出一些空白，让我们在,重新理解短文,的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个空格的被选项做出,合理的分析判断,，从中选出最佳答案,.,中考对完型填空的考查主要集中在以下两个方面,：,1,、首先是测试我们对,篇章的理解能力,。,2,、其次测试我们,使用词汇和语法结构的能力,。,一,:,命题特点,技巧一,:,浏览全文，抓准主旨,答题时，,不要急于看选项、找答案,，应先,通篇浏览,短文，掌握文中,时间、地点、人物,及,事件发展的脉络情节,。,抓住了文章的主旨大意后，,围绕大意,去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯,想当然,错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。,二,:,解题技巧,注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用,第一句往往可能是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有,概括和预示全文大意,的作用，是据以,判断文章体裁,并,预测全文主旨、大意的突口，,常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。,（,when,where,who,what,how,),例如：,Tracy is a well-known Chinese-American writer.But her writing,was something she learned by herself,.,撇开选项不谈，单从这一首句，我们可以捕捉到哪些信息呢,?,：,（,1,）她的身份是作家（,2,）国籍是美籍华人,（,3,）很出名 （,4,）从时态看她还活着,可以推测：,有可能这篇文章是介绍,Tracy,及其作品的文章，对她和作品的介绍可能是这篇文章的主要内容。,七个单词就给我们提供了这么多的信息，就给我们向下阅读提供了心理准备，并且有了良好的开端。,技巧二,:,看清,(),，找准定位词,1)Some parts of the water are very shallow,（浅的）,.But in some places it is very,.,A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous,根据转折连词,but,的提示，所填入的词应与,shallow,相反。,2)Mrs Smith asked,questions and she didnt scold us either.,A.no B.certain C.many D.more,and,是一个并列连词；,either,为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语气，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词,上下文,充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。,注意上下文的内在联系,，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。,信息提示有时出现在,前文,，有时出现在,后文,，有时出现在,本空所在的句子,，这些都需要我们在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。,1)In England,people often talk about the _ because you can experience four seasons in a day.,A.time,B.food,C.weather,D.book,2).One day when he was _ by the windows of a restaurant and having lunch,he heard a voice“Look out!”,A.seeing,B.buying,C.working,D.sitting,实战演练,技巧三,:,通顺逻辑，寻求,(),例如：,Nearly three-quarters of the earth is,covered_water,.,A.on,B.with,C.in,D.by,固定搭配,注意固定搭配，包括,动词与介词,的搭配、,形容词与介词,的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。,One day Mr.Brown had to _1_ to English to give a report to a few top people there,but an important officer came to the airport _2_ the last moment,and Mr.Browns seat was given to him,so he _3_ able to fly to the city to give his report.,1.A.fly,B.by,plane,C.flew,D.flying,2.A.in,B.at,C.on,D.by,3.A.cant,B.wasnt,C.wont,D.didnt,实战演练,技巧四,:,了解,(),，确定相关知识,1).Everyone has seen the Olympic Games at some time.and everyone know that _ started the Games.But most people dont know the real story.,A.Greeks B.French,C.Americans D.English,2).The earth is one of the suns _,and the moon is our satellite.,A.stars B.planets C.satellites D.planet,生活常识,1).Light travels very fast.It moves at 300,000 kilometers in a _.,A.minute B.hour C.second D.day,2).Australia is _,1,_ the south of the world.June,July and August are the winter months.Summer is in December,_,2_,and February.The north of the country is,_3_,than the south.,1.A.in,B.on,C.to,D.near,2.A.November,B.January,C.March,D.October,3.A.colder,B.cooler,C.hotter,D.warmer,看！我更棒！,技巧五,:,明确,(),，排除阅读障碍,1).He used to have a _ of coin-collection,but he has given it up.,A.custom B.habit C.hobby,D.like,2.The wounded soldier was unconscious(,昏迷的,)but still _ when taken to the hospital.,A.living,B.alive,C.live,D.lively,词义辨析,A lady sent a long story to a famous editor.After,1,weeks the editor,2,the story to her.The lady was angry.She wrote back to the editor.,1.A.few B.a few,C.little D.a little,2.A.gave B.came back,C.handed D.returned,看我的！,技巧六,:,运用,(),，理清句子结构,Some parents are greatly,worried_their,children fail to do well in their studies.,A.about,B.with,C.when,D.since,1,hungry,people,sometimes would kill the animals in the forest for fuel;,2,when,cold,they,might cut down trees for fuel,.3,strong laws were passed to protect the forests and the animals.,1.a.If,b.When,c.Once,d.After,2.a.and,b.but,c.or,d.yet,3.a.Besides,b.In,addition,c.So,d.However,语法知识,1.The sun gives us light.,Ikeeps,us,1,.It makes thing,2,.Plants,animals and people need the sun.We cant live,3,the sun.,1.A.warmful,B.warmly,C.warming,D.warm,2.A.grow,B.to,grow,C.growing,D.are,grown,3.A.with,B.in,C.without,D.have,2.Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun.They look small only _1_ they are much farther away.,A.when,B.because,C.if,D.for,试试看,解题技巧,(,小结,),技巧一,:,浏览全文，抓准主旨,技巧二,:,看清上下文，找准定位词,技巧三,:,通顺逻辑，寻求固定搭配,技巧四,:,了解生活常识，确定相关知识,技巧五,:,明确词义辨析，排除阅读障碍,技巧六,:,运用语法知识，理清句子结构,结构,+,语义,+,逻辑,正确,通顺,合理,1,、多掌握一些固定搭配，包括固定短语和习惯语法等，如：,be good at,，,be interested in,，,make progress,，,at least,，,take care of,，,have a population of,，,get on well with,，,give,sb,sth,，,ask,sb,to do,sth,，,be/get used to spenddoing,，,sothat,等等。,2,、词语辨析，表面上是语境中词语的语意选择，其实是考 词汇的运用能力,.,如：,speak/say/tell/talk,spend/pay/take/cost,等。,3,、熟练的语法知识，主要包括从句的引导词、主谓一致、名词或代词的格或数、不定式，情态动词、动词时态和语态等。熟练的语法知识不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子结构和大意，对解题也很有帮助。,4,、前后语境，注意培养结合全文结构和中心思想，根据常,识和上下文提供的信息进行理解、分析和推理的能力；,三,:,复习重点,小测试（,2008,年衡阳市中考题）,Are you the only child in the,family?If,so,you,are the most important one in your_1_.Parents are the closest people to you _2_ the,world.But,a lot of middle school students have a problem.They feel theyre not as _3_ as to their parents as,before.They,even dont think their parents are fire to them.,Some students complain that their parents often say a lot to,them,but,_4_ listen to them.Some say their parents _5_ them to play computer games when other classmates are doing,that.Others,say when theyre making phone calls to,friends,their,parents like to ask if theyre speaking to a boy or a,girl.These,make them very _6_.Some students even decide to leave home because theyre afraid to tell their parents when they have done _7_ wrong.Then they usually think running away is the only _8_.But they dont know it may bring them _9_ problems.,Problems,are parts of,life.Find,a good chance,_10_ to your,parents.Dont,be afraid to tell them your,feelings.And,show them youre growing,u,then,theyll feel youre no longer a small child.,看！我更棒！,()1.A.family B.families C.school,()2.A.at B.on C.in,()3.A.close,B.closest,C.closer,()4.,A.often,B.never,C.always,()5.A.dont allow B.didnt allow C.allow,()6.A.happy B.ill C.unhappy,()7.A.nothing B.,anying,C.someing,()8.A.choice B.choose C.chose,()9.A.more B.most,C.much,()10.A.talking,B.talk,C.to talk,Thank you for listening!,