高考英语大二轮总复习-专题四-语法填空课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,高考英语大二轮总复习 专题四 语法填空课件,高考英语大二轮总复习 专题四 语法填空课件高考英语大二轮总复习 专题四 语法填空课件题型解读与高考感悟高频考点与技巧点拨高考新编,题型解读与高考感悟,高频考点与技巧点拨,高考新编,1,2,3,考点统计,(,略,),题型解读与高考感悟,近两年语法填空考点布局充分体现了,“,实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅,”,的命题原则。注意：,1.,词类转换以实词中名词、动词、形容词、副词四类为主，而对于名词的考查近两年均涉及名词单复数的考查，而未涉及到,考情分析,名词的所有格，在,2016,年备考中应引起注意；对于代词的词形变换考查涉及了人称代词与物主代词的转换，反身代词近两年还未涉及，也应引起注意。,2.,对于无提示词类的情态动词和助动词的考查，仅,2014,年新课标全国样卷中考查了,must,表推测，,2014,年新课标全国,考查了助动词,did,。指示代词与不定代词近两年均未涉及。,3.,特殊句式在近两年虽然未考查，但备考时应注意：倒装结构中助动词、小句替代中,so,，,neither,，,nor,以及,only,等的考查；省略结构中不定式符号,to,以及结合状语从句的省略中非谓语动词或连词的考查；强调句式中,it,或,that,的考查；感叹句中,how,，,what,或不定冠词,a/an,的考查等。,4.,连接性副词与语境填词虽然在,2014,年新课标全国样卷中均有涉及，但可能考虑到这两类词均为完形填空考点，故在,2014,、,2015,两年正式考试中均未涉及，但在,2015,年全国,中考查了无提示词形式的时间副词,before/earlier,，故像,earlier,，,ago,，,later,等时间副词与,never,，,hardly,等频度副词是否会有考查还需注意。,5.,从出题形式上看，近两年,10,个设空中都是,7,个有提示词、,3,个无提示词，预计,2016,年还应该以这种比例来突出提示词考查为主的出题形式。,(,一,),(2015,全国,),Yangshuo,，,China,It was raining lightly when I 61.,(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours 62.,，,Id been at home in Hong Kong,，,with 63.,(it)choking smog.Here,，,the air was clean and fresh,，,even with the rain.,真题体验,arrived,before/earlier,its,Id skipped nearby Guilin,，,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64.,are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65.,(painting).Instead,，,Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,，,its only an hour away 66.,car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.,that/which,paintings,by,Yangshuo 67.,(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers 68.,(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie&Kent,，,a travel company in Hong Kong,，,says it 69.,(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people 70.,(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,is,conducted,regularly,living,(,二,),(2015,全国,),The adobe dwellings(,土坯房,)41.,(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 42.,most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,，,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43.,(able)to“air condition”a house without,built,the,ability,44.,(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 45.,(slow)during cool nights,，,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,，,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46.,(cool)the house during the hot day,；,47.,the same time,，,they warm up again for the night.This cycle 48.,(go)day after day,：,The walls,using,slowly,to cool,at,goes,warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(,抵消,)for the outside temperatures.As 49.,(nature)architects,，,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 50.,thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,natural,how,(,三,),(2014,新课标全国,),Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?,In 1969,，,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland,，,Ohio.It 61.,(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 62.,(actual)caught fire and burned.Now,，,years later,，,this river is one of 63.,most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.,was,actually,the,But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64.,even a few months.It took years of work 65.,(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally,，,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66.,(clean)than ever.,or,to reduce,cleaner,Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 67.,is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation,，,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?,that/which,While there are 68.,(amaze)stories of instant transformation,，,for most of us the 69.,(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,，,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 70.,(patience).,amazing,changes,patient,(,四,),(2014,新课标全国,),One morning,，,I was waiting at the bus stop,，,worried about 41.,(be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,42.,some of them looked very anxious and 43.,(disappoint).When the bus finally came,，,we all hurried on board.I got a place next 44.,the window,，,so I had a good view of the,being,and,disappointed,to,sidewalk.A boy on a bike 45.,(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,，,but he refused 46.,(stop)until we reached the next stop.Still,，,the boy kept 47.,(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally,，,when we came to the next stop,，,the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver,caught,to stop,riding,stood up and asked,，,“48.,anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop,？,”A woman on the bus shouted,，,“Oh dear,！,Its 49.,(I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done,，,and the crowd of strangers 50.,(sudden)became friendly to one another.,Did,me/mine,suddenly,(,五,),(2014,新课标全国样卷,),Mum,：,(putting on her coat)Im going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.,Alan,：,Why?,Mum,：,Im not sure what 1.,(happen).I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2.,I went to answer the phone.But someone must have taken them because theyre 3.,(go).,happened,when,gone,Alan,：,Oh,，,it must have been Dad.Im sure he was in the kitchen 4.,(early).,Mum,：,No,，,he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5.,(make)them,，,so he couldnt have done it.6.,，,he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff,，,so Im sure 7.,wasnt him.,earlier,making,Anyway,it,Alan,：,(opening the fridge door)Well,，,it wasnt me.But Mum,，,look,！,Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8.,fridge?,Mum,：,Are they there,？,Oh,，,my goodness,，,I 9.,have put them in there when the phone rang.Oh,，,dear.I really must be losing my 10.,.Now,，,why did I put on my coat?,the,must,memory/mind,一、提示词填空,(,一,),词类转换,高频考点与技巧点拨,1,2,3,二、提示词填空,(,二,),词形变换,三、提示词填空,(,三,),谓语与非谓语动词,4,四、纯空格填空,典例,1,Abercrombie&Kent,，,a travel company in Hong Kong,，,says it,69,(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015,全国,),分析,设空处修饰谓语动词,arrange,，需要一个副词，故填,regularly,。,考点,考点,1,形容词副词,一、提示词填空,(,一,),词类转换,考点例析,典例,2,17,(lucky),，,he also had a cow which produced milk every day.(2015,广东,),分析,用副词修饰整个句子。故填,Luckily,。,方法归纳,修饰动词,短语,、形容词、副词或整个句子，或作状语时，用副词形式。,典例,1,In addition to their simple beauty,，,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their,43,(able)to“air condition”a house without using electric equipment.(2015,全国,),分析,形容词性物主代词,their,之后应当用名词，故将,able,转化为其名词形式,ability,。,考点,考点,2,形容词,/,动词名词,一、提示词填空,(,一,),词类转换,考点例析,典例,2,Several children are away from school because of,(ill).,分析,介词短语,because of,后接宾语，要用名词，故填,illness,。,典例,3,He had witnessed too many,(die)and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years earlier,，,in which 40,000 people were killed,，,wounded or missing.,分析,这里指的是死亡，是可数名词，在句中作及物动词,witness,的宾语，空前的,too many,也暗示应用,death,的复数形式,deaths,。,方法归纳,作主语，或在及物动词、介词,短语,后作宾语时，前面可能有限定词,冠词,、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰，通常用名词形式；注意单复数形式。,典例,1,As,49,(nature)architects,，,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2015,全国,),分析,修饰名词,architects,，故要用形容词形式,natural,。,考点,考点,3,动词,/,名词形容词,一、提示词填空,(,一,),词类转换,考点例析,典例,2,While there are,68,(amaze)stories of instant transformation,，,.(2014,新课标全国,),分析,此处用形容词修饰名词,stories,。,amaze,的形容词有两个，一个是,amazing,，另一个是,amazed,。修饰物,(stories),当然用,amazing,。,典例,3,There were many people waiting at the bus stop,，,and some of them looked very anxious and,43,(disappoint).(2014,新课标全国,),分析,本句的主语是,some of them,，此处,and,连接两个并列成分，再结合前面的形容词,anxious,可知，此处也应该填一个形容词。故此处用,disappointed,表示他们中有些人感到失望。,方法归纳,作表语,系动词之后,、定语,修饰名词,或宾语补足语,表性质状态,时，通常用形容词形式。注意常考动词分词的形容词性化，其形容词的形式有：,-ing,结尾的和,ed,结尾的两种。,用所给词的适当形式填空,1.They gave money to the old peoples home either,(personal)or through their companies.(2015,安徽，,31),2.It was,(consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015,福建，,23),3.Most of us,，,if we know even a little about where our food comes from,，,understand that every bite put into our mouths was,(former)alive.(2015,浙江，,13),考点专练,personally,considerate,formerly,4.There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some,(think)and then let me know.(2015,安徽，,30),5.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and,(comprehension)review of the case.(2015,江苏，,31),6.The climate here is quite,(please),，,the temperature rarely,，,if ever,，,reaching 30,in summer.(2014,福建，,28),thought,comprehensive,pleasant,7.What was so,(impress)about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.(2014,湖北，,27),8.Life is,(predict),；,even the poorest might become the richest.(2014,江西，,30),impressive,unpredictable,9.For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt,(please),，,because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her,，,it was probably the fact that she sat in the last row.(2012,广东,),10.Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?,Well,，,you know,，,English is my,(strong).So it is my best choice.(2012,福建，,25),pleased,strength,典例,1,Id skipped nearby Guilin,，,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese,65,(painting).(2015,全国,),分析,由于该名词由,so many,修饰，故填其复数形式,paintings,。,考点,考点,1,名词的单复数与所有格,二、提示词填空,(,二,),词形变换,考点例析,典例,2,While there are amazing stories of instant transformation,，,for most of us the,69,(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,，,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be patient.(2014,新课标全国,),分析,前面是定冠词,the,，因此后面要用名词，再由谓语动词,are,可知此空要用其名词的复数形式，故填,changes,。,典例,3,Its about an,(hour)drive from here.,分析,句意为：离这里大约有一个小时的车程。,“,一个小时的,”,用所有格，故填,hours,。,方法归纳,若所给提示词为名词而空格处也应填名词，注意要弄清名词的数与格，即名词是否需要复数形式，或是否需要所有格。,典例,1,Finally,，,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is,66,(clean)than ever.(2014,新课标全国,),分析,从后面的,than,可知此处要用比较级，因此要用,cleaner,。,考点,2,形容词与副词的比较等级,考点,二、提示词填空,(,二,),词形变换,考点例析,典例,2,After our plane landed,，,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months,17,(early),，,but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.(2014,广东,),分析,由前面提到的,we had planned for months(,我们已经计划了数月,),可知，早在六个月之前我们就已经预订了，故用比较级,earlier,。,典例,3,The,68,(hard)you try to beat him,，,the more likely you will get hit.(2014,辽宁,),分析,考查固定句式。这里是,“the,比较级,.,，,the,比较级,.”,句式，表示,“,越,就越,”,。故填,harder,。,方法归纳,若括号中所给的是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较等级或最高级；注意,than,或比较级的修饰词等标志性词或上下文中暗含的比较；其次还要注意一些特殊句式，如：,the,比较级，,the,比较级；,“,否定词,cant/couldnt,比较级,”,表示最高级等。,典例,1,A few hours before,，,Id been at home in Hong Kong,，,with,63,(it)choking smog.(2015,全国,),分析,空格后面的,smog,为名词，故要使用形容词性物主代词,its,来修饰限定。,考点,3,人称代词、物主代词与,反身代词的变换,考点,二、提示词填空,(,二,),词形变换,考点例析,典例,2,The children amused,(they)by playing hideandseek games.,分析,缺宾语，应填代词；这些孩子拿谁取乐，应是,“,自娱自乐,(amuse oneself)”,，与主语,The children,一致，故填,themselves,。类似的短语还有,enjoy oneself(,玩得开心,),，,teach oneself(,自学,),，,adapt oneself(,适应,),，,dress oneself(,自己穿衣,),，,devote oneself to(,致力于,),，,by oneself(,单独地,),等。,方法归纳,若提示词是物主代词,表示某人的,，作主语、宾语或表语用名词性物主代词；在名词前作定语只能用形容词性物主代词。反身代词反指谁，它通常作主语和宾语的同位语，这时应与主语或宾语一致；也可作某些动词或介词的宾语，这时需与主语一致。,用所给词的适当形式填空,1.Some schools will have to make,(adjust)in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015,江苏，,32),2.We tend to have a,(good)memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.(2015,浙江，,11),3.Andy is content with the toy.It is,(good)he has ever got.(2015,四川，,7),考点专练,adjustments,better,the best,4.He gave,(him)a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.(2015,湖北，,22),5.I cant tell you the way to the,(Wilson)because we dont have a Wilson here in the village.(2014,重庆，,6),6.This is by far,(inspiring)movie that I have ever seen.(2013,辽宁，,33),himself,Wilsons,the most inspiring,7.Tony can hardly boil an egg,，,still,(little)cook dinner.(2013,新课标全国,，,25),8.Next to biology,，,I like physics,(well).(2012,大纲全国,，,13),9.She came across an old friend of,(she)yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.(2011,天津，,8),10.On my desk is a photo that my father took of,(I)when I was a baby.(2010,四川，,7),less,best,hers,me,典例,1,It was raining lightly when I,61,(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.(2015,全国,),分析,主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时,was raining,，后一句中用了一般过去时,didnt care,，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。故填,arrived,。,考点,考点,1,考纲规定考查的十种时态,三、提示词填空,(,三,),谓语与非谓语动词,动词的时态与语态,考点例析,典例,2,This cycle,48,(go)day after day,：,The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(,抵消,)for the outside temperatures.(2015,全国,),分析,这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去，这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。又因为主语,this cycle,为单数第三人称，故填,goes,。,典例,3,In 1969,，,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland,，,Ohio.It,61,(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.(2014,新课标全国,),分析,事情发生在,1969,年，是一个过去的时间，故此处要用一般过去时，又因为主语为,it,，故填,was,。,方法归纳,句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态与语态。判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。考试说明中规定考的有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。近两年考查一般过去时和一般现在时居多。,典例,1,He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what,19,(leave).(2015,广东,),分析,由语境可知，整体为过去时态，且,what,与,leave,之间是被动关系，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填,was left,。,考点,考点,2,考纲规定考查的八种时态的被动语态,三、提示词填空,(,三,),谓语与非谓语动词,动词的时态与语态,典例,2,Be patient,！,Tai Chi,66,(call)“shadow boxing”in English.It asks you to act like water,：,.(2014,辽宁,),分析,整篇对话的时态是一般现在时。,Tai Chi,与,call,之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填,is called,。,方法归纳,句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。考试说明中规定考的各种时态的被动语态有八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时。,典例,1,Unless some extra money,(find),，,the theatre will close.(2014,大纲全国，,22),分析,考查一般现在时表将来。由语境可知，此处是,unless,引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在时态表将来；句中主语,some extra money,与,find,之间为动宾关系，要用被动语态。故填,is found,。,考点,考点,3,时态与语态中的几个特殊用法,三、提示词填空,(,三,),谓语与非谓语动词,动词的时态与语态,典例,2,James has just arrived,，,but I didnt know he,(come)until yesterday.(2014,重庆，,8),分析,考查过去进行时表过去将来。,was coming,为过去进行时态，表示过去将来。,know,后面为宾语从句，从句动词相对于,know,而言指将要发生的动作，而,come,，,go,，,leave,，,start,，,arrive,等瞬间性动词可用进行时态表示将来的动作。根据,didnt,可知此处应该用过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。,典例,3,Food supplies in the floodstricken area,(run)out.We must act immediately before theres none left.(2012,重庆，,27),分析,考查现在进行时表一般将来与主动表被动。由句中,before theres none left,可知食物还没有用完，故用现在进行时表示,“(,食品供应,),快用完了,”,；此外,run out,为不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。故填,are running,。,典例,4,Yangshuo,67,(be)really beautiful.(2015,全国,),分析,考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时；由于主语是单数第三人称形式，故填,is,。,方法归纳,在确定谓语动词的时态与语态时，我们可从四个方面来进行判断：,(1),看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。,(2),看上下文的谓语动词的形式