中考英语-介词复习课件-人教新目标版.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,中考复习介词,【,介词命题趋势,】1,、表示时间的介词,2,、表示方位和运动方向的介词,3,、常用介词用法辨析,4,、介词与其它词类的搭配,1,）形容词与介词的搭配,2,）动词与介词的搭配,3,）名词与介词的搭配,含义：介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语,。,1.,介词的功能介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：,The boy over there is Johns brother.,在那儿的那个男孩是约翰的弟弟。,(,定语,)The girl will be back in two hours.,这位姑娘过两个小时回来。,(,状语,)Our English teacher is from Australia.,我们的英语老师来自澳大利亚。,(,表语,)Help yourself to some fish.,请吃些鱼。,(,宾语补足语,),2.,常用介词的用法辨析,（,1,）表时间的介词,1,）,at,in on,表示时间点用,at,。,例如：,at six oclock,at noon,at midnight,。,表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用,in,。,例如：,in the nineteenth century,in 2002,in may,in winter,in the morning,in the afternoon,表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用,on,。,例如：,on Monday,on July 1st,on Sunday morning,2,）,since,after,由,since,和,after,引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但,since,词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而,after,词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。,例如：,I havent heard from him since last summer.,自从去年夏天，我再也没有收到他的信。,After five days the boy came back.,五天后，这男孩返回来。,3,）,in,after in,与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。,After,与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。,After,与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。,例如：,He will be back in two months.,他在两个月后回来。,He will arrive after four oclock,四点钟后，他到达。,He returned after a month.,一个月后，他回来了。,（,2,）表示地点的介词,at,in,onat,一般指小地方；,in,一般指大地方或某个范围之内；,on,往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。,例如：,He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.,他昨他天到达上海。,They arrived at a small village before dark.,他们在天黑前到达一个小村庄。,There is a big hole in the wall.,墙上有一个大洞。,The teacher put up a picture on the wall.,老师把一幅画挂在墙上。,over,above,onover,on,和,above,都可表示“在,上面”，但具体含义不同。,Over,表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是,under,。,above,也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是,below,。,On,指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。,例如：,There is a bridge over the river.,河上有一架桥。,We flew above the clouds.,我们飞越云层。,They put some flowers on the teachers desk.,他们把一些花放在讲桌上。,across,throughacross,和,through,均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。,Across,的含义与,on,有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。,Throgh,的含义与,in,有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行,。例如：,The dog ran across the grass.,狗跑过草地。,The boy swam across the river.,那男孩游过河。,They walked through the forest.,他们穿过森,林。,4)in front of,in the front ofin front of,表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；,in the front of,表示“在,的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：,There are some tall trees in front of the building.,在大楼前有一些高树。,The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.,老师坐在教室前面,3.,介词的固定搭配 介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。（,1,）介词与动词的搭配,listen to,laugh at,get to,look for wait for,hear from,turn on,turn off,worry about,think of,look after,spendon,等。,（,2,）介词与名词的搭配,on time,in time,by bus,on foot,with pleasure,on ones way to,in trouble,at breakfast,at the end of,in the end,等。,（,3,）介词与形容词的搭配,be late for,be afraid of,be good at,be interested in,be angry with,be full of,be sorry for,等。,介词的中考考点,一、考查简单介词的用法,【,考例,】-When did Hong Kong return to our motherland?,一,_July 1st,，,1997,福州市,A,On B In C At D For A,本题的四个选项都可以放在表示时间的单词,(,组,),前面，,in,，,on,，,at,往往在时间点的前面，,for,往往引导一个时间段。,1997,年,7,月,1,日是一个具体的时间，在具体到某一天，用介词,on,。,Id like a cup of coffee _some sugar and milk.,广东省,A.in B.to C.of D.withDA,选项介词,in,，表示“在,里面”；,B,选项介词,to,表方向，意为“到，向”；,C,项,of,表“所属关系”，意为“,的”；,D,项介词,with,作“带有；用,_,力口”等讲。由句意“我想要一杯加糖和牛奶的咖啡。”可知，选项,D,正确。,-Oh,so many people in the amusement park!-Nobody likes to stay at home _ Sunday morning.,太原市,A.in B.on C.atB,此题考查介词的用法。三个选择都可以用来表示时间，,at,多用于具体时间点前，在上、下午及晚上常用介词,in,，但具体到某一天的上、下午要用介词,on,。,二、考查介词之间的辨析,【,考例,】The moon light is coming in _ the window and the room seems quiet and beautiful.,成都市,A,across B.through C.overB across,表示横过，从一边到另一边，,through,从内部穿过，,over,表示从物体表面通过。“月光透过窗子射进来,”,故不能选,A,。,Be careful when you come _ the street,because the traffic is very busy at the moment.,（年山东济宁）,A.across B.behind C.between D.over【,剖析,】,答案为,A,。本题考察方位介词的用法。“过马路”一般为表面横穿，因此要用,across,。,-Look,a blind man is in the middle of the street,Its too dangerous.-Lets go and help him _the road.,河南省,A.through B.along C.across D.overC,横穿马路要用,across,表示“从一边到另一边”而不用,through,，,through,用于穿过森林等。,三、考查成语介词与介词固定搭配,Boys and girls,wish you to do well in the English exam _ a light heart.Good luck to every-one!,哈尔滨市,A.on B.with C.withoutB,考查介词用法。,with a light heart,以一种轻松的心态,(with,表伴随,),。,with,是中考的重要考点，有如下几种用法：有，带着表方式或工具，,write with a pen,用钢笔书写表伴随,a house with a big garden,带有大花园的房子。,Mary bought a house _a small garden.She will move in next week.,昆明市,A.from B.with C.for D.ofB,本题由句意人手破解，玛丽买了一处“带有”花园的房子，这儿可用介词,with,，意为“具有；带有”，所以,B,项正确。,【,考例,】You must always be careful _ electricity,Its dangerous,沈阳市,A,to B at C for D,withD,be careful,with(of,about),对,注意,(,警惕,),，句意为“你必须时刻注意用电，那很危险。”,一,I hear you have got a ticket _the 0pening Ceremony of the Beijing Olympics,一,Yes,I got it _my uncle,黄冈市,A,of,；,from B to,by C to,；,from D,for,；,toC,考查介词的用法。本题易错选项为,A,的答案钥匙票，都要用,to,，而不能用,of,。故不能选,A,。,It was a great day but We did not enjoy it_ the beginning,苏州,A,on B,for C,with D,at,答案：,D,解析：此处考查固定短语“在,开始时”，用介词,at,，故选,D,。,It is important _us students to make a plan _our studies before a new term starts,连云港,)A,for,；,for B,of,：,for C,to,；,of D,with,：,on,答案：,A,解析：此题考查介词,for,的用法，第一空,It is important for,sb,to do,sth,；第二空,for our studies,为我们的学习，表目的。,Its necessary for us to take one hours exercise every day.I agree _you.,吉林省,A.at B.to C.on D.withD agree with,sb,同意某人的观点。注意,agree with,与,agree to,的区别。,agree with+,sb,“,同意某人的观点”；,agree to+,动词原形“同意干某事”。,一,How are you going to the Summer Palace?,一,Were going there _bike,北京市,A for B at C of D,by D,考查短语,by bike,骑自行车”。要注意区分：,take a bike to+,某地一,go to+,某地,+by bike,。,This _woman has devoted all her life_ caring for the poor,A,modest,；,with B,kind;to C,selfish,；,for D,unfair,；,at,答案：,B,解析：第一空意为“这位善良的妇女”，故选,kind,，第二空，,devoteto,指献身于,，,to,后跟动名词或名词，故本题选,B,。,。,【,语法过关,】1.China lies_ the east of Asia and_ the north of Australia,A.to;to B.in;to C to;in D.in;on 2.His son suddenly returned_ a cold rainy night.A.on B.at C.in D.for 3.Timmy goes to school _ every day.Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school.A.in a bus B.by plane C.on foot D.by boat 4.Last month,students had to have their lessons by Internet _ because of SARS.A.on the playground B.at home C.in the street D.near the hospital 5.Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures _ a camera.A.as B.for C.like D.of,1.B,表示在一个大的范围内用,in,，范围之外用,to,。,2.A,具体到某一天的时间用,on,。,3.C 5 minutes walk,决定去学校的方式是,on foot,。,4.B,语境中,by Internet,和,because of SARS,决定了,have their lessons-at home,。,5.C like,在这里意思是,像,-,。,6.Some shops open_ 10:00 a.m.and 3:30 p.m,during the Spring Festival holidays.A.at B.between C.from D.about 7.-How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?-Im going there _ my car.A.by B.in C.to D.on 8,Luckily,the bullet narrowly missed the captain _an inch.A.by B.at C.to D.from9,The home improvements have taken what little there is _my spare time.A.from B.in C.of D.at10,They had a pleasant chat _a cup of coffee.(,北京,)A.for B.with C.duringD.over,6.B between,后接两个并列的成分，意思是,在两者之间,。,7.B in my car=by car,。,8,A,。与数量连用可表示尺寸、距离等。依句意：幸运的是，子弹在距离上尉一英寸的地方与他擦肩而过，没有射中他。故应选,A,。,9,C,。,what,引导的从句作谓语,have taken,的宾语，而从句中的基本结构为“,there is little of”,表示“,有很少”,what,修饰,little,提到了从句句首。正确答案为,C,。,10,D,用作介词表示时间时，可作“在（做）,时（,while doing,eating,etc,）”。故正确答案为。其句意为：他们在喝咖啡时进行了一次愉快的谈话。文章来 源莲山课件,w ww.5 Y K,J.Com,强化练习,.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词,(3分钟，5分）,1.Nothing is difficult if you put your h_ into it.,2.He d_ to learn English,because he cant memorize the new words.,3.Do you know the boy c_ Tony?,Yes.He is from America.,4.Many people love songs because of good _(歌词).,5.He _ (更喜欢)TV shows that are interesting.,答案：,1.heart 2.dislikes 3.called 4.lyrics,5.prefers,.单项选择(3分钟，5分),1.The music is great because you can dance _ it.,A.to B.on C.for D.in,2.I prefer pieces of music that _,great lyrics.,A.haveB.has,C.there isD.there are,3.What kind of music do you like best?,I like the music _ is quiet and gentle.,A.who B.that C.whose D.where,4.What do you _ your hometown?,I love it very much.,A.look atB.worry about,C.talk aboutD.think of,5.Many students enjoy the book,Harry Potter,_ by J.K Rowling.,A.wroteB.was written,C.writtenD.was writing,.完成句子(3分钟，10分),1.不到长城非好汉。,He _ does not _ the Great Wall is not a real man.,2.他就是那个同学们都愿意和他交朋友的男孩。,He is the boy _ _ the students would like to make friends.,答案：,1.who;reach 2.with whom,3.很多人喜欢看电视，而不愿看电影。,Many people _ _ watch TV _ _ see a film.,4.这本书对于我来说很重要。,The book _ _ _ me.,5.我喜欢有共同爱好的朋友。,I like friends _ _ the same hobbies as me.,答案：,3.prefer to;rather than 4.is important to,5.who have,.用who或that将下列句子合成复合句。（3分钟，10分）,1.The girl is my cousin.She is 5 years old.,The girl _ is 5 years old is my cousin.,2.The man lives in a big room.He visits the teacher every day.,The man _ lives in a big room visits the teacher every day.,答案：,1.who 2.who,3.The train was late.It was going to Beijing.,The train _ was going to Beijing was late.,4.He can answer these questions.They are difficult to others.,He can answer these question _ sare difficult to others.,5.This is the place.,I want to visit the place.,This is the place _ I want to visit.,答案：,3.that 4.that 5.that,.补全对话,每空一词(3分钟，10分),A:Whats your,1,singer?,B:I like a singer,2,can sing and dance.How,3,you?,A:I prefer a singer who,4,his own music.,B:Which do you like,5,music or sports?,A:I,6,sports to music.,B:What kind of,7,do you like,8,?,A:I like basketball best,9,all.,B:,10,is your favorite basketball star?,A:Yao Ming.,1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._,6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._,答案：,1.favorite 2.who/that 3.about 4.writes,5.better 6.prefer 7.sports 8.best 9.of,10.Who,.阅读理解(5分钟，10分),The young violinist Vanessa-Mae is,the first musician to use techno(电子技术,流行音乐),dance and rock music in,traditional classical music.Vanessa-Mae,loves pop music,and she is also a very,good classical violinist,and she brought the two kinds of music together.,Vanessa-Mae was born in Singapore on October 2,1978.She moved to London with her family when she was four.A year later,she started to learn the violin.When she was eight,she went to Beijing to study the violin.When she was ten,she played with a very famous group of classical musicians.But Vanessa-Mae doesnt only play the violin.She learnt the piano before she started to play the violin.,She likes lots of different kinds of music,from Beethoven(贝多芬)to the Beatles(甲壳虫乐队)，and she wants to play the music she likes.She has played in classical,concerts all over the world,and she has also played in pop concerts with pop stars.,A lot of people dont like the way she uses modern rhythms(韵律),noisy drums and guitars in traditional music.But Vanessa-Mae has done one important thing:she has brought many new fans to classical music.For the first time,many young people began to listen to classical music.,1.How many instruments are mentioned in the passage?,A.Four.B.Two.C.Three.D.Five.,2.When did Vanessa-Mae start to learn the violin?,A.In 1982.B.In 1983.,C.In 1984.D.In 1979.,3.What was the first instrument Vanessa-Mae learnt to play?,A.The violin.B.The piano.,C.The drums.D.The guitar.,4.Who began to listen to classical music because of Vanessa-Mae?,A.Old people.B.Middle-aged people.,C.Young people.D.Young women.,5.Who has Vanessa-Mae played with?,A.Beethoven.,B.Many young people.,C.Pop stars and classical musicians.,D.The Beatles.,