TalkonConfucius孔子英文介绍.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,TalkonConfucius孔子英文介绍,TalkonConfucius孔子英文介绍TalkonConfucius孔子英文介绍,Who is Confucius?,Great educator,philosopher and thinker in Chinese history,The greatest representative of the ancient Chinese culture and civilization,Founder of Confucianism,The foremost sage,a national ideal and example,Likened to Chinas Socrates,Plato or in a sense Jesus Christ,Confucius Chinese names,Confucius:the name having nothing to do with“confuse”;a man not confusing at all,;,his teachings never difficult to understand.Not an abstract philosopher but a teacher of easy moral lessons,Confucius,Latinized form of,Kong,Fuzi,in Chinese.,Kong,his family name;,Fuzi,or,Zi,meaning Great Master,honorific titles in ancient China for famous scholars,statesmen or teachers.,His original name,Kong,Qiu,which common Chinese people never use.Not respectful to call the Master by it.,Kong,Zi,:the most common reference in China,I.Confucius Life,Confucius own comment on his,life:,The Master said,“At fifteen I bent my mind on learning.At thirty,I was firmly established.At forty,I was free from delusion.At fifty,I knew my destiny.At sixty,I was able to tell right from wrong in everything I heard.At seventy,I could follow my hearts desire without overstepping the rules of propriety.”,The Analects,age of establishment(the age of 30),age of freedom from delusion(the age of 40),age of knowing ones own destiny(the age of 50),His early life,Born in a hill cave in,Qufu,in 551 B.C.,“a time of chaos under the sun”,His father died when he was only 3.,Fond of learning hard and thinking rationally,His marriage,family and children,Taking various humble jobs,The first private school teacher,Established as a famous scholar around 30,Founding the first private school in the history of Chinese education,Opening the door of school to ordinary people and breaking the monopoly of education by the nobles.“In my classroom there is no class distinction.”,The teacher of teachers,“the Greatest and Foremost Teacher”,A benevolent government official,His life purpose:to take up a government post to put his ideas into practice,Appointed the Minister of Justice,Success in the position;“People need not lock their doors at night.”,His resignation and 14-year travel among other states,His final days,His return to his native state,respected as the Father of the State,Continuing his teaching career while editing several ancient classics,His death in 479 B.C.at the age of 73,His works,“Im not an inventor of new ideas but a transmitter of ancient wisdom”,no writing by him left to us,The Analects,edited by his disciples after his death,the most reliable book for studying Confucius,Chinese peoples Bible,one of the most quoted book in Chinese classics,the richest source of Chinese mottos and proverbs,II.Confucius Teachings,A believer of Heaven but not a religious founder and leader,often avoiding talking about religious subjects,Confucianism,though treated by some people as a sort of religion,having nothing to do with religion,A great,wise teacher on personal and public morality and virtue,1.Confucius teachings on,ren,（,仁）,Ren,the most important concept in Confucius thought,the central core of his philosophy,English words for,ren,:love,goodness,kindness,friendliness,human-heartedness,benevolence(benevolent),humanity,1),What is,ren,?What is its meaning?,Chinese character of,ren,:,Ren,denoting good relationship between two persons or among people,harmonious human relations.,Confucius on,ren,:,“Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.This is,ren,.”(cf.Kants saying),“,Ren,is to love other men,to love the people extensively.”,“I would describe,ren,like this:If you wish to establish yourself you should also assist others to establish.If you wish to be successful you should also help others to be successful.”,“My aspiration to attain,ren,is that the aged live an easy life,friends have faith in each other and children be well cared.”,2)The importance of,ren,Confucius said,“To have,ren,(to be,benevolent)is to be a man.”“Only a man of,ren,is capable of distinguishing good people and bad people and knowing who to love and who to hate.”,The fundamental quality of man,the highest standard of ones morals,3)How to acquire,ren,?,Confucius said,“Is,ren,far away?No.If I aspire for,ren,it is right here!”The achievement of,ren,is in our own hand.,2.Confucius teachings on,li,（礼）,English words for,li,What is,li,?,The importance of,li,in ones moral cultivation and conduct,The ideal combination and embodiment of,ren,and,li,:,Junzi,3.Confucius teachings on,junzi,（君子）,Junzi,：,a righteous man,a man in whom,ren,is harmoniously blended with,li,Junzi,vs.petty man,Junzi,the most important basis for a harmonious country and society,How can a man become a,junzi,?,Four steps by which a man becomes a full,junzi,:cultivating oneself for goodness,managing ones family well,run ones state well and bringing peace to the whole country,4.Confucius teachings on good government (仁政),“He who rules by virtue and benevolence is like a pole-star,which remains in its place while all the other stars surround it.”,The right to govern depends upon the rulers and government officials ability and virtue to make the governed happy.(cf.The right to govern depends upon the consent of the governed.),The rulers constant self-rectification of errors and self-cultivation of virtues are the key to benevolent government.,5.Confucius teachings on learning and education,(1)The only way to gain knowledge is to learn.,(2)Intellectual honesty is important.,(3)Learning and practice are inseparable.,III.Confucius Influence,谢谢！,